SNRPD2 Is a Novel Substrate for the Ubiquitin Ligase Activity of the Type III Secretion Effector SlrP.

SlrP is a protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity that is translocated by serovar Typhimurium into eukaryotic host cells through a type III secretion system. A yeast two-hybrid screen was performed to find new human partners for this protein. Among the interacting proteins identified by this screen was SNRPD2, a core component of the spliceosome.

Generation of Random luxCDABE Transcriptional Fusions in the Genome of Salmonella enterica.

The luxCDABE operon of Photorhabdus luminescens can be used as a bioluminescent reporter to measure gene transcription nondestructively. Here we describe protocols to (1) generate random transcriptional fusions of the lux operon to genes of the Salmonella genome, (2) screen for specific fusions with constitutive expression, Salmonella pathogenicity island 1-related expression, or Salmonella pathogenicity island 2-related expression, and (3) determine the site of luxCDABE integration.

Tubulin Folding Cofactor TBCB is a Target of the Effector Protein SseK1.

serovar Typhimurium is a human and animal pathogen that uses type III secretion system effectors to manipulate the host cell and fulfill infection. SseK1 is a effector with glycosyltransferase activity. We carried out a yeast two-hybrid screen and have identified tubulin-binding cofactor B (TBCB) as a new binding partner for this effector.

Type III Secretion Effectors with Arginine N-Glycosyltransferase Activity.

Type III secretion systems are used by many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens to inject proteins, known as effectors, into the cytosol of host cells. These virulence factors interfere with a diverse array of host signal transduction pathways and cellular processes. Many effectors have catalytic activities to promote post-translational modifications of host proteins.

Levothyroxine enhances glucose clearance and blunts the onset of experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus in mice.

Background And Purpose: Thyroid hormones induce several changes in whole body metabolism that are known to improve metabolic homeostasis. However, adverse side effects have prevented its use in the clinic. In view of the promising effects of thyroid hormones, we investigated the effects of levothyroxine supplementation on glucose homeostasis.