Attributes influencing parental decision-making to receive the Tdap vaccine to reduce the risk of pertussis transmission to their newborn - outcome of a cross-sectional conjoint experiment in Spain and Italy.

Pertussis vaccination of parents and household contacts ('cocooning') to protect newborn infants is an established strategy in many countries, although uptake may be low. Many aspects may influence such decision-making. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (NCT01890447) of households and other close contacts of newborns aged ≤6 months (or of expectant mothers in their last trimester) in Spain and Italy, using an adaptive discrete-choice experiment questionnaire.

Simple descriptors and simple rules of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) Group: a prospective study of combined use for the description of adnexal masses.

Objective: External validation of the IOTA group's three-step diagnostic model (Strategy 1) and comparison with assessment by an expert sonographer (Strategy 2).

Study Design: Prospective study in patients with persistent adnexal masses, in which an inexperienced sonographer performed transvaginal ultrasound applying simple descriptors (SD) and rules (SR) for classifying as benign or malignant. Any non-classifiable mass was then submitted to an expert examiner for subjective assessment (SA).

Alteration of anal sphincter function in patients with levator avulsion: observational study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The prevalence of levator avulsion after vaginal delivery ranges from 10 to 30 %. To our knowledge, no previous studies have used anorectal manometry (AM) to assess this injury's impact on the functionality of the anal sphincter complex. We hypothesized that women with levator avulsion have lower manometric pressures.