Behavior of immunoglobulin G antibodies for SARS-COV-2 in Mexican pediatric patients with comorbidities: a prospective comparative cohort study.

Background: More than two years after the pandemic of COVID-19 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) there is a great lack of information. The presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) have been related with disease severity. Patients with comorbidities could develop more severe infection; however, the evaluation of the humoral response in pediatric population are needed especially in patients with comorbidities.

An admixture mapping meta-analysis implicates genetic variation at 18q21 with asthma susceptibility in Latinos.

Background: Asthma is a common but complex disease with racial/ethnic differences in prevalence, morbidity, and response to therapies.

Objective: We sought to perform an analysis of genetic ancestry to identify new loci that contribute to asthma susceptibility.

Methods: We leveraged the mixed ancestry of 3902 Latinos and performed an admixture mapping meta-analysis for asthma susceptibility.

[Knowledge of asthma: educational intervention with the 2014 GINA guide in primary care physicians].

Background: Asthma is a public health problem in the world, so updating the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma is based primarily on the practice of primary care physicians. Educational interventions are useful for increasing knowledge.

Objective: To compare the level of knowledge of asthma before and after an educational intervention.

Meteorological conditions, climate change, new emerging factors, and asthma and related allergic disorders. A statement of the World Allergy Organization.

The prevalence of allergic airway diseases such as asthma and rhinitis has increased dramatically to epidemic proportions worldwide. Besides air pollution from industry derived emissions and motor vehicles, the rising trend can only be explained by gross changes in the environments where we live. The world economy has been transformed over the last 25 years with developing countries being at the core of these changes.

[Frequency of allergy to cow's milk proteins and its association to other allergic diseases in patients of Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez].

Background: The cow's milk protein allergy is the most common food allergy among children under two years and is associated with other atopic diseases.

Objectives: To evaluate cow's milk protein allergy frequency in patients sensitized to them, attended at the consultation of Immunology and Allergy in the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, and its association with other atopic diseases.

Material And Method: A cross-sectional, analytical and descriptive study that reviewed medical records of patients aged 0-19 years, attended at the consultation of Immunology and Allergy in the Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, from January 2010 to January 2013, sensitized to the cow's milk protein by in vitro or in vivo studies, mediated or not by IgE, to determine its association with other atopic diseases during the course of their clinical evolution.

[ARIA Mexico 2014. Adaptation of the Clinical Practice Guide ARIA 2010 for Mexico. Methodology ADAPTE].

Background: The global prevalence of allergic rhinitis is high. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase III reports a total estimated prevalence of 4.6% in Mexico.

Human genetics. The genetics of Mexico recapitulates Native American substructure and affects biomedical traits.

Mexico harbors great cultural and ethnic diversity, yet fine-scale patterns of human genome-wide variation from this region remain largely uncharacterized. We studied genomic variation within Mexico from over 1000 individuals representing 20 indigenous and 11 mestizo populations. We found striking genetic stratification among indigenous populations within Mexico at varying degrees of geographic isolation.

Evaluation of candidate genes in a genome-wide association study of childhood asthma in Mexicans.

Background: More than 200 asthma candidate genes have been examined in human association studies or identified with knockout mouse approaches. However, many have not been systematically replicated in human populations, especially those containing a large number of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).

Objective: We comprehensively evaluated the association of previously implicated asthma candidate genes with childhood asthma in a Mexico City population.

Traffic-related air pollution and respiratory symptoms among asthmatic children, resident in Mexico City: the EVA cohort study.

Background: Taffic-related air pollution has been related to adverse respiratory outcomes; however, there is still uncertainty concerning the type of vehicle emission causing most deleterious effects.

Methods: A panel study was conducted among 147 asthmatic and 50 healthy children, who were followed up for an average of 22 weeks. Incidence density of coughing, wheezing and breathing difficulty was assessed by referring to daily records of symptoms and child's medication.

Air pollution, airway inflammation, and lung function in a cohort study of Mexico City schoolchildren.

Background: The biological mechanisms involved in inflammatory response to air pollution are not clearly understood.

Objective: In this study we assessed the association of short-term air pollutant exposure with inflammatory markers and lung function.

Methods: We studied a cohort of 158 asthmatic and 50 nonasthmatic school-age children, followed an average of 22 weeks.

Assessment of personal exposure to ozone in asthmatic children residing in Mexico City.

Objective: A study was conducted to evaluate personal ozone exposure (O3p) among asthmatic children residing in Mexico City.

Material And Methods: A total of 158 children were recruited from December 1998 to April 2000. On average, three O3p measurements were obtained per child using passive badges.

Genetic variation in S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) and childhood asthma.

Background: S-nitrosothiols are potent endogenous bronchodilators depleted in asthmatic airway lining fluid. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR; also known as alcohol dehydrogenase 5 or formaldehyde dehydrogenase) catalyzes the metabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and controls intracellular levels of S-nitrosothiols. GSNOR knockout mice have increased lung S-nitrosothiol levels and are therefore protected from airway hyperresponsiveness after methacholine or allergen challenge.

Parental smoking modifies the relation between genetic variation in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and childhood asthma.

Background: Polymorphisms in the proinflammatory cytokine genes tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA, also called TNF-beta) have been associated with asthma and atopy in some studies. Parental smoking is a consistent risk factor for childhood asthma. Secondhand smoke and ozone both stimulate TNF production.

Genetic polymorphisms in transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1) and childhood asthma and atopy.

Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFB1) may influence asthma by modulating allergic airway inflammation and airway remodeling. The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TGFB1 in asthma remains inconclusive. We examined TGFB1 SNPs in relation to asthma risk and degree of atopy among 546 case-parent triads, consisting of asthmatics aged 4-17 years and their parents in Mexico City.

Genetic polymorphisms in arginase I and II and childhood asthma and atopy.

Background: A recent microarray study implicated arginase I (ARG1) and arginase II (ARG2) in mouse allergic asthma models and human asthma.

Objectives: To examine the association between genetic variation in ARG1 and ARG2 and childhood asthma and atopy risk.

Methods: We enrolled 433 case-parent triads, consisting of patients with asthma 4 to 17 years old and their biologic parents, from the allergy clinic of a public hospital in Mexico City between 1998 and 2003.

[Adverse reactions to immunotherapy in pediatric patients].

Background: Specific immunotherapy involves administration of allergenic extract in order to reach clinical tolerance of the causal allergens in patients with allergic conditions. When administered, it can provoke side effects.

Objective: To identify systemic reactions after specific immunotherapy administration.

[Quality of life in children with allergic rhinitis before and after being treated with specific immunotherapy (cases and controls)].

Background: Rhinitis is the most frequent allergic disease in children. Symptoms may affect importantly life quality. Measures to avoid allergens when possible and the use of drugs are an important part of the treatment; however, specific immunotherapy is the only treatment altering the natural course of the disease.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) reduced:quinone oxidoreductase and glutathione S-transferase M1 polymorphisms and childhood asthma.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) reduced:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1 are phase II enzymes important in response to oxidative stress, such as occurs during exposure to ozone. We examined the relationship between functionally significant polymorphisms in NQO1 (Pro187Ser) and GSTM1 (homozygous deletion) and asthma risk in children with high lifetime exposure to ozone. We enrolled children with asthma from the allergy referral clinic at a public pediatric hospital in Mexico City, together with their parents.

[Changes in lung function after a bronchial provocation test with cockroach antigens].

Background: Cockroach allergens sensitized patients at a very young age and can predispose to severe asthma on atopic children.

Objective: To evaluate the FEV, changes induced after bronchoprovocation with Blatella germanica (Bg) or placebo on allergic respiratory children.

Material And Methods: A prospective transversal study was performed in 25 children from 8 to 16 yr with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma diagnosis with sensibility only to Bg (Bayer Corp allergens) by Prick skin test, with a 1:20 weight/volume dilution.

Ozone exposure among Mexico City outdoor workers.

In researching health effects of air pollution, pollutant levels from fixed-site monitors are commonly assigned to the subjects. However, these concentrations may not reflect the exposure these individuals actually experience. A previous study of ozone (O3) exposure and lung function among shoe-cleaners working in central Mexico City used fixed-site measurements from a monitoring station near the outdoor work sites as surrogates for personal exposure.

Antioxidant supplementation and lung functions among children with asthma exposed to high levels of air pollutants.

To evaluate whether acute effects of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and particulates with mass median diameter less than 10 micro m could be attenuated by antioxidant vitamin supplementation, we conducted a randomized trial using a double-blinded design. Children with asthma (n = 158) who were residents of Mexico City were randomly given a daily supplement of vitamins (50 mg/day of vitamin E and 250 mg/day of vitamin C) or a placebo and were followed from October 1998 to April 2000. Pulmonary function tests were carried out twice a week in the morning.