SeDREno study - prevalence of hospital malnutrition according to GLIM criteria, ten years after the PREDyCES study.

Background & aims: the last large multicenter study on disease-related malnutrition (DRM) in Spain (the PREDyCES study) showed a 23.7 % prevalence of malnutrition, according to the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) tool. The main objective of the SeDREno study was to assess the prevalence of hospital malnutrition upon admission, according to GLIM criteria, ten years later.

Three-wavelength broadband soot pyrometry technique for axisymmetric flames.

Soot temperature measurements in laminar flames are often performed through two-color broadband emission pyrometry (BEMI) or modulated absorption/emission (BMAE) techniques, using models to relate the ratio between flame intensities at two different wavelengths with soot temperature. To benefit from wider spectral range and increase the accuracy of experimental estimation of soot temperature, this work proposes a new approach that uses three-color broadband images captured with a basic color camera. The methodology is first validated through simulations using numerically generated flames from the CoFlame code and then used to retrieve soot temperature in an experimental campaign.

Candle flame soot sizing by planar time-resolved laser-induced incandescence.

Soot emissions from flaming combustion are relevant as a significant source of atmospheric pollution and as a source of nanomaterials. Candles are interesting targets for soot characterization studies since they burn complex fuels with a large number of carbon atoms, and yield stable and repeatable flames. We characterized the soot particle size distributions in a candle flame using the planar two-color time-resolved laser induced incandescence (2D-2C TiRe-LII) technique, which has been successfully applied to different combustion applications, but never before on a candle flame.

Asymmetric Dimethylarginine at Sea Level Is a Predictive Marker of Hypoxic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension at High Altitude.

Prolonged exposure to altitude-associated chronic hypoxia (CH) may cause high-altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIH) occurs in individuals who commute between sea level and high altitude. CIH is associated with repetitive acute hypoxic acclimatization and conveys the long-term risk of HAPH.

Production of recombinant TSA-1 and evaluation of its potential for the immuno-therapeutic control of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in mice.

A therapeutic vaccine for human Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi) is under development based on the success of vaccinating mice with DNA constructs expressing the antigens Tc24 and Tc-TSA-1. However, because DNA and nucleic acid vaccines produce less than optimal responses in humans, our strategy relies on administering a recombinant protein-based vaccine, together with adjuvants that promote Th1-type immunity. Here we describe a process for the purification and refolding of recombinant TSA-1 expressed in Escherichia coli.

Long-Term Intermittent Exposure to High Altitude Elevates Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in First Exposed Young Adults.

Lüneburg, Nicole, Patricia Siques, Julio Brito, Juan José De La Cruz, Fabiola León-Velarde, Juliane Hannemann, Cristian Ibanez, and Rainer Böger. Long-term intermittent exposure to high altitude elevates asymmetric dimethylarginine in first exposed young adults. High Alt Med Biol.

24-h pulse pressure cutoff point definition by office pulse pressure in a population of Spanish older hypertensive patients.

Objective: The European Guidelines on Hypertension define an office pulse pressure (PP) at least 60 mmHg in the elderly patient as asymptomatic organ damage. Our objective was to estimate the cutoff point of 24-h PP that best predicts office PP associated with higher cardiovascular risk (≥60 mmHg) in hypertensive older patients.

Methods: We studied all hypertensive patients at least 60 years with a first valid ambulatory blood pressure monitoring drawn from the Spanish ambulatory blood pressure monitoring registry.

[Not Available].

Introducción: la desnutrición relacionada con la enfermedad (DRE) es un problema sociosanitario frecuente que afecta preferentemente a los mayores de 65 años, que aumenta la morbimortalidad y disminuye la calidad de vida.  Objetivo: estudiar la prevalencia de DRE en mayores de 65 años en diferentes centros sociosanitarios del Servicio Regional de Bienestar Social de la Comunidad de Madrid. Métodos: estudio transversal en 33 centros sociosanitarios de Madrid (6 centros de atención primaria [AP], 9 centros de mayores [CM], 9 hospitales [H] y 9 residencias [R]) seleccionados mediante muestreo polietápico.

Bevacizumab and temozolomide versus temozolomide alone as neoadjuvant treatment in unresected glioblastoma: the GENOM 009 randomized phase II trial.

We sought to determine the impact of bevacizumab on reduction of tumor size prior to chemoradiotherapy in unresected glioblastoma patients. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive temozolomide (TMZ arm) or temozolomide plus bevacizumab (TMZ + BEV arm). In both arms, neoadjuvant treatment was temozolomide (85 mg/m(2), days 1-21, two 28-day cycles), concurrent radiation plus temozolomide, and six cycles of adjuvant temozolomide.

[Falls in the Spanish elderly population: Incidence, consequences and risk factors].

Introduction: Falls in the elderly constitute a public health concern. The objective of the present study was to collect updated data on the frequency of falls in the Spanish elderly population, as well as to analyse their consequences and associated risk factors.

Material And Methods: This prospective study was conducted on a probabilistic sample of 772 Spanish, community dwelling, older adults.

Plasma and liver lipid profiles in rats exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia: changes in metabolic pathways.

Lipid metabolism under chronic hypoxia (CH) has not received equal attention as intermittent hypoxia (IH). To determine the CH-induced changes in plasma and liver, as well as the mRNA and protein expression of two key enzymes in the triglyceride and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways, SREBP-1 (HMG-CoA reductase) and SREBP-2 (SCD-1), we exposed adult male Wistar rats to CH (4600 m; n=15) for 30 days compared to normoxic rats (n=15). The CH rats exhibited weight loss (p<0.

[LDL-cholesterol control in patients with genetic dyslipidemia followed up by Lipid and Vascular Risk Units of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis].

Objective: To evaluate low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDLc) achieved in patients with genetic dyslipidemia treated during one year in Lipid and Vascular Risk Units (LVRU) of the Spanish Society of Arteriosclerosis (SSA).

Design: Observational, longitudinal, retrospective, multicenter national study that included consecutive patients of both sexes over 18 years of age referred due to dyslipidemia to LVRU of the SSA. Information was collected from medical records corresponding to two visits in the lipid unit.

Perception of health and understanding of cardiovascular risk among patients with recently diagnosed diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome.

Background: Cardiovascular (CV) disease mortality is increased in diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS), conditions which share CV risk factors.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess understanding of CV risk by patients with DM and/or MS diagnosed less than 1 year before and seen in primary care. Perception by these patients of their health state is also analysed.

Manidipine for hypertension not controlled by dual therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus: a non-comparative, open-label study.

Background And Objective: Little is known about the effects of the calcium channel antagonist manidipine when it is added as a third drug in non-controlled hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus receiving dual antihypertensive therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response in terms of blood pressure (BP) and microalbuminuria when manidipine is administered to patients with type 2 diabetes and uncontrolled hypertension who are already being treated with a combination of a low-dose diuretic plus an ACE inhibitor or an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist (angiotensin receptor blocker [ARB]). We also evaluated the effects of addition of manidipine on plasma fasting glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)), serum uric acid, the lipid profile, serum creatinine and creatinine clearance.

Efficacy of sequential high-dose doxorubicin and ifosfamide compared with standard-dose doxorubicin in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma: an open-label randomized phase II study of the Spanish group for research on sarcomas.

Purpose: To assess the progression-free survival (PFS) and antitumor response to standard-dose doxorubicin compared with sequential dose-dense doxorubicin and ifosfamide in first-line treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcoma.

Patients And Methods: Patients with measurable advanced soft tissue sarcoma, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) < 2, between the ages 18 and 65 years, and with adequate bone marrow, liver, and renal function were entered in the study. The stratifications were: ECOG PS (0 v 1), location of metastases, and potentially resectable disease.

Hematological and lipid profile changes in sea-level natives after exposure to 3550-m altitude for 8 months.

The aim of this epidemiological study was to determinate the effects on hematological and lipid profile in a young group of newcomers to altitude after being exposed chronically for 8 months to 3550 m (n = 50), age 17.8 +/- 0.7; and not overweight, BMI 22.

[Variability in peak expiratory flow does not classify asthma according to severity].

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether variability in peak expiratory flow (PEF) could be used to classify the level of severity of asthma in children.

Patients And Methods: We studied 387 boys and girls diagnosed with asthma and classified severity according to clinical criteria (Spanish Society of Pediatric Pneumology). PEF variability was determined using a portable mini-Wright peak flow meter (Clement Clarke International, London, UK; range, 50 L/min-800 L/min) over a 14-day period, with no changes in normal treatment.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia at high altitude exposure for over 12 years: assessment of hematological, cardiovascular, and renal effects.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the health status of subjects weekly commuting between sea level and 3550-m altitude for at least 12 yr (average 22.1 +/- 5.8).

Should hypertension guidelines be changed for hypertensive patients with the metabolic syndrome?

The authors analyzed the impact of present guidelines for hypertension management on cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in hypertensive patients with and without the metabolic syndrome (MS). Results in 549 nondiabetic hypertensive patients with a mean follow-up of 3.8+/-1.

Incidence and predictors of severe liver fibrosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C: a European collaborative study.

A study was performed in 10 European health care centers in which 914 patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who had elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels underwent liver biopsy during the period of 1992 through 2002. Overall, the METAVIR liver fibrosis stage was F0 in 10% of patients, F1 in 33%, F2 in 22%, F3 in 22%, and F4 in 13%. Predictors of severe liver fibrosis (METAVIR stage, F3 or F4) in multivariate analysis were age of >35 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.

Effect of dietary intervention on highly active antiretroviral therapy-related dyslipemia.

Changes in cholesterol and triglyceride levels after prescribing a lipid-lowering diet were assessed in 230 HIV-infected patients with dyslipemia associated with antiretroviral therapy. Lipid levels decreased significantly in subjects having good diet compliance. The reduction in triglyceride levels was greater than in cholesterol levels.

[Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in Spain. Description of 819 non related cases].

Background: Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (hFH) is an inherited disorder commonly found among the general population. Premature cardiovascular disease, especially coronary artery disease, is the most important complication in these patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestations and the characteristics of cardiovascular disease in the Spanish hFH population.