Publications by authors named "Juan J Ronco"

Background: The oxygen challenge test (OCT) is an underutilized measure of lung recovery, easily performed prior to proceeding with a trial-off V-V ECLS as part of a weaning algorithm. Evidence-based thresholds for OCT results which support continuing with V-V ECLS weaning are lacking, making interpretation of these tests challenging in clinical practice.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients commenced on V-V ECLS as a bridge-to-recovery at Vancouver General Hospital from 2015-2019.

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Purpose: Quality of life (QoL) outcomes of patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been conflicting. This study reports on QoL outcomes for a broad group of ARDS patients managed with up-to-date treatment modalities.

Methods: We prospectively recruited patients at a quaternary hospital in the United Kingdom from 2013 to 2015 who were treated with ECMO for ARDS.

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Objective: Postpneumonectomy patients may develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). There is a paucity of data regarding the optimal management of mechanical ventilation for postpneumonectomy patients. Esophageal balloon pressure monitoring has been used in traditional ARDS patients to set positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and minimize transpulmonary driving pressure (Δ ), but its clinical use has not been previously described nor validated in postpneumonectomy patients.

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Objectives: The majority of coronavirus disease 2019 mortality and morbidity is attributable to respiratory failure from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. The pathogenesis underpinning coronavirus disease 2019-induced respiratory failure may be attributable to a dysregulated host immune response. Our objective was to investigate the pathophysiological relationship between proinflammatory cytokines and respiratory failure in severe coronavirus disease 2019.

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Purpose: Clinical equipoise exists with the use of novel reperfusion therapies such as catheter-directed thrombolysis in the management of patients presenting to hospital with high risk pulmonary embolism (PE). Therapeutic options rely on clinical presentation, patient factors, physician preference, and institutional availability. We established a Pulmonary Embolism Response Team (PERT) to provide urgent assessment and multidisciplinary care for patients presenting to our institution with high-risk PE.

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Background: Pain, agitation, and delirium are associated with negative outcomes in critically ill patients. Reducing variation in pain, agitation, and delirium management among institutions could improve care.

Objectives: To define opportunities to improve pain, agitation, and delirium management in intensive care units in British Columbia, Canada.

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Background And Aims: Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) have high mortality rates. Most prognostic scores were not developed for the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. We aimed to improve risk stratification for patients with ACLF in the ICU.

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Objectives: To evaluate the Chronic Liver Failure-Consortium Acute on Chronic Liver Failure score in acute on chronic liver failure patients admitted to ICUs from different global regions and compare discrimination ability with previously published scores.

Design: Retrospective pooled analysis.

Setting: Academic ICUs in Canada (Edmonton, Vancouver) and Europe (Paris, Barcelona, Chronic liver failure/Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure in Cirrhosis [CANONIC] study).

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Background: Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) signaling and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We postulated that repleting ACE2 using GSK2586881, a recombinant form of human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (rhACE2), could attenuate acute lung injury.

Methods: We conducted a two-part phase II trial comprising an open-label intrapatient dose escalation and a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase in ten intensive care units in North America.

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Purpose: We evaluated the Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (CLIF-SOFA) score to predict survival in a Canadian critically ill cohort with acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Methods: We retrospectively examined 274 acute-on-chronic liver failure patients admitted to a quaternary level intensive care unit (ICU) between April 1, 2000, and April 30, 2011. We evaluated severity of illness scores, including the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP), SOFA, and CLIF-SOFA.

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Background: The extent of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) use for patients with acute respiratory failure in Canadian hospitals, indications for use and associated outcomes are unknown.

Objective: To describe NIV practice variation in the acute setting.

Methods: A prospective observational study involving 11 Canadian tertiary care centres was performed.

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The emergence of computed tomography imaging more than 25 years ago led to characterization of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as areas of relatively normal lung parenchyma juxtaposed with areas of dense consolidation and atelectasis. Given that this heterogeneity is often dorsally distributed, investigators questioned whether care for ARDS patients in the prone position would lead to improved mortality outcomes. This clinical review discusses the physiological rationale and clinical evidence supporting prone positioning in treating ARDS, in addition to its complications and contraindications.

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Introduction: Critically ill cirrhosis patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT) often receive prioritization for organ allocation. Identification of patients most likely to benefit is essential. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score can predict 90-day mortality in critically ill recipients of LT and whether it can predict receipt of LT among critically ill cirrhosis listed awaiting LT.

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Background: Whether hypoglycemia leads to death in critically ill patients is unclear.

Methods: We examined the associations between moderate and severe hypoglycemia (blood glucose, 41 to 70 mg per deciliter [2.3 to 3.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study looked at how using intracranial pressure (ICP) monitors affects survival rates in adults with traumatic brain injuries (TBI).
  • They checked six studies with a total of 11,371 patients, but the results were different among the studies, so they couldn't draw a clear conclusion.
  • Most studies found no clear link between ICP monitoring and better survival, and they suggested more research is needed to know which patients might actually benefit from these monitors.
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Objective: To evaluate the impact of prolonged continuous wakefulness on resident performance under controlled experimental conditions.

Design: Experimental within-subjects comparison.

Setting: High-fidelity patient simulator.

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Introduction: The benefits, harms and feasibility of intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients remain unclear. Several single center studies have attempted to demonstrate the benefit of intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients with variable results.

Objectives: We conducted a pilot randomized trial to assess the feasibility, safety and clinical outcomes of preprinted glucose management algorithms before the initiation of a large multicenter trial.

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Background: Early discontinuation of antimicrobial therapy for ventilator-associated pneumonia can reduce the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, the occurrence of adverse drug events, and the cost of therapy. Evidence suggests that discontinuation of therapy by day 3 may be appropriate for patients with a clinical pulmonary infection score of 6 or less at baseline and on day 3.

Objectives: To determine the proportion of patients eligible for antimicrobial discontinuation on day 3 and day 7 of therapy and to determine the proportion of eligible patients for whom antimicrobials were discontinued within these timeframes.

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Background: The optimal target range for blood glucose in critically ill patients remains unclear.

Methods: Within 24 hours after admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), adults who were expected to require treatment in the ICU on 3 or more consecutive days were randomly assigned to undergo either intensive glucose control, with a target blood glucose range of 81 to 108 mg per deciliter (4.5 to 6.

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Context: Low-tidal-volume ventilation reduces mortality in critically ill patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Instituting additional strategies to open collapsed lung tissue may further reduce mortality.

Objective: To compare an established low-tidal-volume ventilation strategy with an experimental strategy based on the original "open-lung approach," combining low tidal volume, lung recruitment maneuvers, and high positive-end-expiratory pressure.

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Objectives: To clarify the benefits, risks and timing of glucose control and intensive insulin therapy in several groups, specifically the neurologic, cardiac and septic populations of patients, commonly seen in the emergency department.

Methods: Electronic search of MEDLINE (1966-2005; once with PubMed and once with Ovid) and Embase (1980-2005) using the terms insulin and glucose combined with emergency medicine, intensive care, cardiology and emergency department.

Results: There is considerable controversy in the literature surrounding the use of strict glucose control in cardiac, neurologic and septic patients.

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