Biomarkers of oxidation, inflammation and intestinal permeability in persons with diabetes mellitus with parenteral nutrition: A multicenter randomized trial.

Background And Aims: Parenteral nutrition (PN) composition could play a role in the management of systemic inflammatory response and intestinal barrier disruption. We aimed to evaluate changes in biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative status and intestinal permeability in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who received different PN lipid formulas.

Methods: This was a prospective study, including 94 patients with T2DM who received omega (n)-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-enriched PN, a mixture of medium and long chain triglycerides (MCT/LCT) PN, or an olive oil-based PN.

Weight-adjusted waist index predicts metabolic syndrome in Caucasian patients with obesity.

Background and aims: the usefulness of the weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) among persons with metabolic syndrome (MS) has not been previously evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of WWI to predict MS in a Caucasian population with obesity. Methods: we conducted a cross sectional study in 2162 Caucasian patients with obesity.

Evaluation of Muscle Mass and Malnutrition in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria and Comparing Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Computed Tomography Measurements.

Objectives: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the discrepancies between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and computed tomography (CT) in assessing skeletal muscle mass and identifying low muscle mass in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: This study recruited 137 patients with colorectal cancer from February 2028 to December 2023. CT scans were analyzed at the Lumbar 3 vertebral level to determine the area of skeletal muscle, which was then utilized to estimate whole-body skeletal muscle mass.

Quality of Life and Psychological Changes in Bariatric Surgery: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Candidates for bariatric surgery may have psychiatric disorders that must be evaluated. The aim of this study was to describe the psychological state and quality of life (QoL) of patients with obesity awaiting bariatric surgery prior to surgical procedure and 1 year after surgery.

Methods: A longitudinal retrospective observational study was carried out in 71 patients awaiting bariatric surgery.

Validation of an Artificial Intelligence-Based Ultrasound Imaging System for Quantifying Muscle Architecture Parameters of the Rectus Femoris in Disease-Related Malnutrition (DRM).

(1) Background: The aim was to validate an AI-based system compared to the classic method of reading ultrasound images of the rectus femur (RF) muscle in a real cohort of patients with disease-related malnutrition. (2) Methods: One hundred adult patients with DRM aged 18 to 85 years were enrolled. The risk of DRM was assessed by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM).

Ultrasound Cut-Off Values for Rectus Femoris for Detecting Sarcopenia in Patients with Nutritional Risk.

Background: A nationwide, prospective, multicenter, cohort study (the Disease-Related caloric-protein malnutrition EChOgraphy (DRECO) study) was designed to assess the usefulness of ultrasound of the rectus femoris for detecting sarcopenia in hospitalized patients at risk of malnutrition and to define cut-off values of ultrasound measures.

Methods: Patients at risk of malnutrition according to the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) underwent handgrip dynamometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), a Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and rectus femoris ultrasound studies. European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria were used to define categories of sarcopenia (at risk, probable, confirmed, severe).

Impact of the rs822393 Variant on Adiponectin Levels and Metabolic Parameters after Weight Loss Secondary to a High-Fat Hypocaloric Diet with Mediterranean Pattern.

Introduction: The effects of the rs822393 variant of ADIPOQ gene on metabolic parameters such as insulin resistance and adiponectin levels following weight loss through dietary intervention are still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of rs822393 of ADIPOQ gene on adiponectin levels and metabolic parameters after weight loss with a high-fat hypocaloric diet with Mediterranean pattern during 12 weeks.

Methods: A population of 283 patients with obesity was allocated to a dietary intervention trial with a high-fat hypocaloric diet during 12 weeks.

Effect of a diabetes-specific formula in non-diabetic inpatients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial.

Background/objectives: In patients with acute stroke, the presence of hyperglycaemia has been associated with higher morbidity and less neurological recovery. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of a diabetes specific enteral nutrition (EN) formula on glycaemia, comorbidities and mortality in patients admitted with a first episode of stroke who received complete EN.

Methods: This was a prospective randomised controlled trial.

[Medical nutrition therapy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - Do we act or react? A case report and multidisciplinary review].

Background: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with a progressive course. The current prevalence is between 3 and 6 cases/100,000. Malnutrition is closely related to patient prognosis in ALS.

Use of Muscle Ultrasonography in Morphofunctional Assessment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).

Unlabelled: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease with a high prevalence of malnutrition that can influence prognosis. The main objective of this study is to compare the validity of muscle ultrasonography in the diagnosis of malnutrition and the prognosis of patients with ALS.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study that analyzes the nutritional status of patients at the beginning of nutritional monitoring.

Role of rs2282679 in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and insulin resistance after a sleeve gastrectomy.

Background & Aims: Some studies have reported links between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the presence of obesity and some genetic variants. The aim of our design was to evaluate the effects of rs2282679 genetic variant of CG gene on 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, weight loss and metabolic parameters after a robotic sleeve gastrectomy in premenopausal females with obesity.

Methods: 76 participants were enrolled.

Management of disease-related malnutrition: a real-world experience with a novel concentrated high-protein energy-dense oral nutritional supplement.

Objective: Despite the availability of a wide range of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) offerings, individuals with malnutrition are still struggling to meet their nutritional targets. A new concentrated and high-protein energy-dense ONS (≥2.1 kcal/mL;32 g protein/200 mL) with high-quality protein (60% whey protein) has emerged as a pivotal formula to reach the patient's energy-protein requirements, enhance compliance, and maximize stimulation of muscle protein synthesis, key factors driving better nutritional, functional, and clinical outcomes.

Effect on Body Composition of a Meal-Replacement Progression Diet in Patients 1 Month after Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Progression diets after bariatric surgery (BS) are restricted in calories and protein, and they may induce a worsening of body composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a modified diet with an oral nutritional supplement that is hyperproteic and normocaloric over the body composition.

Methods: A two-arm ambispective observational cohort study was designed.

Relationship between Mediterranean Diet and Phase Angle in a Sample of Patients with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome.

Introduction: The potential influence of a Mediterranean diet (MD) on PhA values has been little researched. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between adherence of a MD and PhA on adult sample population with obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 331 patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome.

Morphofunctional Nutritional Assessment in Clinical Practice: A New Approach to Assessing Nutritional Status.

This Special Issue of titled "Morphofunctional Nutritional Assessment in Clinical Practice" is oriented to the diagnosis of disease-related malnutrition (DRM) [...

Nutritional Ultrasonography, a Method to Evaluate Muscle Mass and Quality in Morphofunctional Assessment of Disease Related Malnutrition.

Unlabelled: Nutritional ultrasonography is an emerging technique for measuring muscle mass and quality. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the parameters of body mass and quality of ultrasonography with other parameters of morphofunctional assessment in patients with disease-related malnutrition (DRM).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was developed on 144 patients diagnosed with DRM according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria.

Relationship of circulating resistin levels with muscle mass determined by bioelectrical impedance in females with obesity.

Introduction: Serum resistin levels have been associated with obesity, visceral fat, and insulin resistance. Its relationship with muscle mass has been less evaluated.

Objectives: to evaluate the relationship between muscle mass determined by electrical bioimpedance and circulating resistin levels in obese women over 60 years of age.

Diagnosis of malnutrition and its relationship with prognosis in hospitalized patients with oncological pathology.

Background And Aims: Medical oncology inpatients are at a very high risk of malnutrition, and the presence of complications associated with malnutrition is significant in their evolution. It is necessary to have adequate tools in the diagnosis of malnutrition.

Objectives: This study is aimed to assess the nutritional status of cancer inpatients and compare the incidence of complications based on the nutritional diagnosis with different tools.

Effects of Immunonutrition on Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery: A Scoping Review.

Introduction: There is a large body of evidence about immunonutrition formulas; however, there are still doubts about their usefulness in routine clinical practice as compared with standard formulas. In the age of personalized medicine, new studies appear every year regarding several types of patients; therefore, an updated point of view on these formulas is necessary.

Methods: The Embase database was searched from 2016 to 14 March 2022.

Expert Consensus on Morphofunctional Assessment in Disease-Related Malnutrition. Grade Review and Delphi Study.

Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) affects approximately a third of hospitalized patients and is associated with an increased risk of morbimortality. However, DRM is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Our aim is to evaluate the prognostic value of morphofunctional tools and tests for nutritional assessment in clinical practice.

[Decreased muscle mass in type-2 diabetes. A hidden comorbidity to consider].

Objectives: an expert report is presented on the situation of loss of muscle mass in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with a proposal of what the clinical approach to this comorbidity should be, based on the evidence from the literature and clinical experience. Method: a qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using the nominal approach. A literature search on diabetes and muscle was made and submitted to a multidisciplinary group of 7 experts who through a face-to-face meeting discussed different aspects of the role of muscle mass in T2DM.

Evolution of nutrition support in patients with COVID-19 disease admitted in the Intensive Care Unit.

Introduction: Nutritional support in patients with COVID19 can influence the mean stay and complications in the patient in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

Aims: To evaluate the selection of enteral nutritional treatment in the COVID-19 patient admitted to the ICU. To know the development of dysphagia and its treatment.