Reliable mass production of Ganaspis kimorum (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), a larval parasitoid of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae).

Spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), native to Asia, has become a significant threat to soft fruit crops globally. To develop a classical biological control program for this pest, the obligate parasitoid Ganaspis kimorum (Buffington) was approved in the United States for field release in 2021 as a biological control agent. However, challenges in mass production and maintenance of parasitoid colonies have been common.

Integrating multi-omics data of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to explore the role of Kynurenine pathway and KYNU as a therapeutic target.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer with poor prognosis. TNBC currently lacks effective therapeutic options, and its molecular mechanisms are still unclear. Thus, identifying novel molecular targets may offer insights to enhance treatment strategies.

Effect of the CSFV NS5A protein on key proteins in the MAPK and PI3K-mTOR signaling pathways in porcine macrophages.

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious disease caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV). NS5A, a non-structural protein of CSFV, plays an important role in regulating viral replication and protein translation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the CSFV NS5A protein on key proteins in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways in porcine macrophages.

Responding to nitrogen removal of constructed wetlands with modified basalt fiber bio-nest under different chain-lengths perfluorocarboxylic acids exposure: Decontamination and metabolism.

Modified basalt fiber bio-nest could enhance the decontamination performance of constructed wetlands (CWs), though influence of different chain-lengths perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) were awaited to be investigated. This study explored different chain-length FPCAs that generated the influence on nitrogen removal in CWs amended with modified basalt fiber bio-nest (CW-BF). Results demonstrated a significant decrease of ammonium (NH-N) by 20.

Impact of interprovincial pairing assistance policies on sustainable agricultural development in Xinjiang of China.

While the advancement of sustainable agricultural development aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it has witnessed lackluster progress globally in recent decades. This study examines China's pairing assistance policy, executed in Xinjiang since 2010, as a quasi-natural experiment to discern the impacts and underlying mechanisms of the inter-provincial pairing assistance policy on sustainable agricultural development in the beneficiary locale. Employing regression analysis with control methods and a two-way fixed effects model leveraged upon provincial panel data spanning 2007 to 2016, this research reveals that: (1) the inter-provincial pairing assistance policy has markedly enhanced sustainable agricultural development in Xinjiang, demonstrating that a 1% increment in pairing assistance funds correlates with an approximate 0.

Identifying Heat Adaptability QTLs and Candidate Genes for Grain Appearance Quality at the Flowering Stage in Rice.

High temperature significantly impacts grain appearance quality, yet few studies have focused on identifying new quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes related to these traits under heat stress during the flowering stage in rice. In this study, a natural population of 525 rice accessions was used to identify QTLs and candidate genes associated with grain appearance quality using a Genome-Wide Association Study under heat stress. We identified 25 QTLs associated with grain length (GL), grain width (GW), and grain chalkiness (GC) under heat stress across 10 chromosomes in the three rice populations (full, indica, and japonica).

Preparation and characterization of resveratrol-loaded microcapsules with whey protein and flaxseed gum by membrane emulsification and complex coacervation methods.

The study developed microcapsules by membrane emulsification and complex coacervation methods with whey protein (WP)-flaxseed gum (FG) and monodiglyceride fatty acids (MFA) to be used for resveratrol (RES) encapsulation. The effects of MFA and WP/FG ratios (1:0-1:0.15) on the properties of microcapsules were investigated.

ZntR is a critical regulator for zinc homeostasis and involved in pathogenicity in .

Zinc (Zn) is essential for all bacteria, but excessive Zn levels are toxic. Bacteria maintain zinc homeostasis through regulators, such as Zur, AdcR, and ZntR. is a significant pathogen causing acute serositis in ducks and other birds.

improves intestinal microbiota and barrier function to alleviate diarrhea of neonatal goats.

Diarrhea is the leading cause of mortality in postnatal goat kids, seriously impacting breeding efficiency. This study aimed to explore the effects of () on goat kids' diarrhea and its regulatory mechanism. Thirty-six 1-day-old goat kids were assigned into four treatments, the control (CON) group and low-, medium- and high-dose groups supplemented with at 1 × 10 (BP1), 5 × 10 (BP5), and 1 × 10 CFU/d (BP10).

Creation of an innovative diagnostic framework for hepatocellular carcinoma employing bioinformatics techniques focused on senescence-related and pyroptosis-related genes.

Background: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) continues to pose a major global health concern and is characterized by elevated mortality rates and a lack of effective therapies. This study aimed to explore differential gene expression linked to cellular senescence and pyroptosis in LIHC and to develop a prognostic risk model for use in clinical settings.

Methods: We acquired datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

The effect of auditory rhythm on the temporal allocation of visual attention in aging.

Introduction: Isochronous rhythm has been shown to induce temporal expectation, allocated attention to specific points in time to optimize behavioral performance, both within a single modality and across different modalities, in younger adults. However, it remains unclear how an isochronous rhythm in one modality influences the temporal allocation of attention in another modality among older adults. Moreover, whether the cross-modal temporal expectation effect in aging is influenced by tempo has not yet been explored.

RH3 enhances antiviral defense by facilitating small RNA loading into Argonaute 2 at endoplasmic reticulum-chloroplast membrane contact sites.

While RNA silencing is crucial for plant resistance against viruses, the cellular connections between RNA silencing and antiviral responses in plants remain poorly understood. In this study, we aim to investigate this relationship by examining the subcellular localization of small RNA loading and viral replication in Arabidopsis. Our findings reveal that Argonaute 2 (AGO2), a key component of RNA silencing, loads small RNAs at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-chloroplast membrane contact sites (MCSs).

Natural bioactive compounds form herbal medicine in Alzheimer's disease: from the perspective of GSK-3β.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) plays a pivotal role in AD pathogenesis, particularly in tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Natural bioactive compounds have a wide range of sources, and medicinally valuable active compound can be extracted from plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs revealed potential participants in the process of avian reovirus infection.

Avian reovirus (ARV), a double-stranded RNA virus, frequently induces immunosuppression in poultry, leading to symptoms such as irregular bleeding and spleen necrosis in infected ducks. Since 2017, the morbidity and mortality rates associated with ARV infection in poultry have been on the rise, progressively emerging as a significant viral disease impacting the duck farming industry in China. In our study, we collected duck embryo fibroblasts 18 h post-infection with ARV and conducted transcriptome sequencing analysis.

The functions of herpesvirus shuttling proteins in the virus lifecycle.

During viral infection, the transport of various proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm plays an important role in the viral lifecycle. Shuttling proteins are key factors in the transmission of nucleocytoplasmic information within cells and usually contain nuclear localization signals and nuclear export signals to mediate correct positioning for themselves and other proteins. The nucleocytoplasmic transport process is carried out through the nuclear pore complex on the nuclear envelope and is mediated by specific protein carriers.

Enhanced removal of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulphonic acid by direct current in iron-based constructed wetlands.

Iron minerals have been used for the treatment of PFOA and PFOS in constructed wetlands (CWs). Electron transfer that mediated by iron cycling is the primary mechanism for the removal of PFOA and PFOS. To further improve the electron transfer and enhance treatment efficiency of PFOA and PFOS, direct current with different voltages was applied in iron-based CWs.

IFN-γ-mediated inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling via nano-scutellarin treatment is an efficient strategy for ameliorating liver fibrosis.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a large group of metabolic diseases that are hazardous to human health. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) mediated myofibroblast activation is an important factor that aggravates the development of liver fibrosis during MASH. However, the limited understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms that drive EndMT in MASH has hindered the development of molecularly targeted therapies specifically targeting this pathological process.

Typical heavy metals in wastewater treatment plants in Nanjing, China: perspective of abundance, removal, and microbial response.

Heavy metals (HMs) are hazardous contaminants with persistence and bioaccumulation, attracting widespread attention. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play vital roles in the pollution control of sewage, closely related to human health and the biological environment. Therefore, eight HMs in three typical WWTPs of Nanjing were determined in this study.

One step in-situ synthesis of Cu/Mn: ZnInSe quantum dots with enhanced luminescence and environmental stability.

A novel Cu/Mn: ZnInSe ternary quantum dots (QDs) was synthesized by one step in-situ hydrothermal method from low-cost inorganic salts and natural biomolecules. Based on the controlled L-cysteine capped ZnInSe QDs structure, Cu/Mn: ZnInSe QDs were synthesized by Cu and Mn co-doping. The effects of experimental variables such as ZnInSe QDs synthesis conditions and Cu/Mn doping ratio were systematically studied.

Analgesic effect of microneedle with 3-acetylaconitine for neuropathic pain.

Neuropathic pain is a worldwide problem that causes physical and psychological pain to many patients. 3-acetylaconitine (AAC) is a kind of non-narcotic analgesic with long-lasting action, non-tolerant and non-addiction. However, it has some cardiac toxicity and can easily cause toxic organ damage.

The introduction of nano zero-valent iron in constructed wetlands simultaneously enhanced the removal of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and nutrients.

Constructed wetland (CW) serve as the final ecological barrier for hazardous materials entering the natural water environment. Due to the ecological toxicity and difficult bioutilization characteristics of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) itself, CW technology faces great challenges in the field of PFOA remediation. In this study, nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) was introduced into CWs to explore the mechanism of the synergistic removal of PFOA and nutrients in nZVI-CW system.

Association between obesity and Bell's palsy by combining Mendelian randomization and network pharmacology.

Background: The issue of obesity has emerged as a significant global health challenge; nevertheless, the association between Bell's palsy (BP) and obesity remains ambiguous. In this study, the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was employed to investigate their relationship, while network pharmacology methods were utilized to unveil the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: We utilized single nucleotide polymorphisms closely linked to obesity and BP as instrumental variables for the MR analysis.

Structural Basis and Mechanism of a Unique Haemophore in the Haem-Iron Acquisition by Riemerella anatipestifer.

Several bacterial pathogens employ haemophores to scavenge haem from host haemoprotein to obtain an iron source. However, no homologues of well-characterized haemophores are found in Riemerella anatipestifer, a bacterium belonging to the order Flavobacteriales that encodes haem uptake systems. Herein, a unique haemophore RhuH is characterized in this bacterium.

The S-Phase Arrest of Host Cells Caused by an Alpha-Herpesvirus Genome Replication Facilitates Viral Recruitment of RNA Polymerase II to Transcribe Viral Genes.

Herpesviruses rely on host RNA polymerae II (RNA Pol II) for their mRNA transcription, yet the mechanisms of which has been poorly defined, while certain herpesviruses can enhance viral gene transcription by altering the RNA Pol II location, modulating its phosphorylation, or directly interacting with RNA Pol II. However, the influence of herpesviruses on RNA Pol II transcription extends beyond these direct effects. Here, we present a novel mechanism by which the host cell cycle regulates viral gene transcription via RNA Pol II during infection by Anatid Herpesvirus 1 (AnHV-1), an avian alpha-herpesvirus.