Rational use of short-term anorectic drugs for one-year effective treatment of obesity: An analysis of four studies.

Background: Obesity is a complex disease for which pharmacotherapy is often used. Anti-obesity drugs (AODs) are characterized by inducing a variable inter-subject body weight reduction (BWR), the attainment of a plateau after their maximal effect is achieved, and weight regain after drug discontinuation, which complicate individualized treatment of obesity.

Objective: This exploratory analysis aimed to compare the first-month body weight reduction in kg (1mo-BWRkg) and tolerance development (moT) of four known interventions with low (placebo), intermediate (phentermine or mazindol monotherapy), and high (5 active ingredients fixed-dose combination) efficacy, as predictors of their 6-month body weight reduction efficacy in percent (6mo-BWR%).

[Risk factors associated with lethality on patients with central cord syndrome].

Background: Central Cord Syndrome is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury, and it represents 9% of all spinal injuries of the adult.

Objective: to determine the risk factors associated with lethality or/and mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with Central Cord Syndrome (CCS).

Material And Methods: upon a retrospective cohort with patients with posttraumatic CCS we evaluated at the time of emergency admission and until the hospital discharge.

Corrigendum to Article CP203292.

Cecilia Fernández Del Valle-Laisequilla, Cristian Trejo-Jasso, Juan Carlos Huerta-Cruz, Lina Marcela Barranco-Garduño, Juan Rodríguez-Silverio, Héctor Isaac Rocha-González, Juan Gerardo Reyes-García. Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination of D-norpseudoephedrine, triiodothyronine, atropine, aloin, and diazepam in obese patients. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther.

[Validation of the instrument "Infant Malnutrition and Feeding Checklist for Congenital Heart Disease", a tool to identify risk of malnutrition and feeding difficulties in infants with congenital heart disease].

Introduction: currently, various tools have been designed to timely detect the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized children. In those with a diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD), there is only one tool developed in Canada: Infant Malnutrition and Feeding Checklist for Congenital Heart Disease (IMFC:CHD), which was designed in English. Objective: to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Spanish adaptation of the IMFC:CHD tool in infants with CHD.

Effect of the Melanocortin 4-Receptor Ile269Asn Mutation on Weight Loss Response to Dietary, Phentermine and Bariatric Surgery Interventions.

The loss of function melanocortin 4-receptor () Ile269Asn mutation has been proposed as one of the most important genetic contributors to obesity in the Mexican population. However, whether patients bearing this mutation respond differently to weight loss treatments is unknown. We tested the association of this mutation with obesity in 1683 Mexican adults, and compared the response of mutation carriers and non-carriers to three different weight loss interventions: dietary restriction intervention, phentermine 30 mg/day treatment, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Metformin improves the weight reduction effect of mazindol in prediabetic obese Mexican subjects.

Objective: Obesity is the strongest risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to explore 7% weight reduction rates of mazindol alone or combined with metformin in non-diabetic obese Mexican subjects who had additional risk factors for T2D.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized double-blind study, 137 participants received 1 mg mazindol (n = 65) alone or combined with 500 mg metformin (n = 72), twice a day, for 6 months.

Combined First Month Body Weight Loss and Development of Tolerance as Predictors of 6-Month Efficacy of Mazindol in Mild and Moderate Obese Subjects.

The weight loss response to anti-obesity drugs is highly variable and poorly understood, which does not allow us to know, in advance, in which subjects the drug will be effective and in which it will not. The objective of this study was to explore the body weight reduction in kilograms in the first month (1mo-BWRkg) and the development of tolerance as predictors of 6-month efficacy for treatment with 1 mg mazindol twice a day. One hundred ninety-six obese subjects were individually or jointly analyzed.

GPR55 and GPR119 Receptors Contribute to the Processing of Neuropathic Pain in Rats.

Orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) comprise a large number of receptors which are widely distributed in the nervous system and represent an opportunity to identify new molecular targets in pain medicine. GPR55 and GPR119 are two orphan GPCR receptors whose physiological function is unclear. The aim was to explore the participation of spinal GPR55 and GPR119 in the processing of neuropathic pain in rats.

DNA Methylation Levels of the Gene Promoter Are Associated with Congenital Septal Defects in Mexican Paediatric Patients.

The gene regulates morphological changes during heart development, and it has been associated with epigenetic abnormalities observed in congenital heart defects (CHD). The aim of this research was to evaluate the association between DNA methylation levels of the gene promoter and congenital septal defects. DNA methylation levels of six CpG sites in the gene promoter were evaluated using pyrosequencing analysis in 35 patients with congenital septal defects and 48 controls.

Weight Loss at First Month and Development of Tolerance as Possible Predictors of 30 mg Phentermine Efficacy at 6 Months.

The efficacy of anti-obesity drugs usually does not consider the high degree of interindividual variability in responses to the drug which could affect the decision to withdraw the drug early due to ineffectiveness or to continue therapy according to specific expectations of success. The aim of this study was to analyze body weight loss in kilograms during the first month (1 mo-BWL) of treatment with 30 mg phentermine and development of tolerance to phentermine, on its 6-month efficacy. One hundred sixty-six subjects with obesity were individually or jointly analyzed in the study.

Three- and six-month efficacy and safety of phentermine in a Mexican obese population.

Objective: Mexico has the second largest prevalence of obesity among adults worldwide, a condition especially affecting the low-income population. There is a pressing need to improve therapeutic options for weight loss. Phentermine is an old and low-cost agent given as an adjuvant therapy for obesity for a 12-week period, at an initial dose of 15 mg or 30 mg.

Evaluation of the Antinociceptive, Antiallodynic, Antihyperalgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Polyalthic Acid.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are very commonly used, but their adverse effects warrant investigating new therapeutic alternatives. Polyalthic acid, a labdane-type diterpenoid, is known to produce gastroprotection, tracheal smooth muscle relaxation, and antitumoral, antiparasitic and antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive, antiallodynic, antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of polyalthic acid on rats.

Efficacy and safety of the metformin-mazindol anorectic combination in rat.

The current study investigates the anorectic interaction and safety of the mazindol-metformin combination in rats. Isobologram and interaction index were used to determine anorectic interaction between mazindol and metformin in the sweetened milk model. The safety profile of the mazindol-metformin combination was determined by measuring anxiety, blood pressure, hematic biometry and blood chemistry.

Abnormal fluid distribution and low handgrip strength index as predictors of mortality in Mexican patients with chronic heart failure.

Objectives: In patients with heart failure, fluid alteration and low muscle strength frequently coexist because of their reduced physical activity and sedentary behavior; however, few studies have evaluated the effects of this coexistence on the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this study was to examine the independent association between fluid alteration and the low handgrip strength (HGS) index with mortality in patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods: This observational study included 546 (53.

Possible involvement of peripheral TRP channels in the hydrogen sulfide-induced hyperalgesia in diabetic rats.

Background: Peripheral diabetic neuropathy can be painful and its symptoms include hyperalgesia, allodynia and spontaneous pain. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is involved in diabetes-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia. However, the molecular target through which HS induces hyperalgesia in diabetic animals is unclear.

Antiallodynic interaction and motor performance of the pregabalin/thioctic acid and pregabalin/α-tocopherol combinations in neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Painful peripheral neuropathy can be associated with nerve damage caused by diabetes mellitus. Although pregabalin is the first-line therapy for peripheral neuropathy, it shows substantial discontinuation rates, mainly because of nervous system side effects as motor incoordination. Multimodal therapy may improve the motor side effect profile of pregabalin.

Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination of D-norpseudoephedrine, triiodothyronine, atropine, aloin, and diazepam in obese patients .

Objective: A fixed-dose combination (FDC) of D-norpseudoephedrine, tri-iodothyronine, atropine, aloin, and diazepam is used in Mexico for the short-term treatment of obesity; however, its efficacy and safety have been scarcely studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of this FDC in Mexican adult overweight and obese patients by a prospective, uncontrolled, multicenter, phase IV open-label study.

Materials And Methods: 3,290 patients with a body mass index (BMI) ˃ 27 kg/m were included in the current study.

Histopathology of murine toxoplasmosis under treatment with dialyzable leukocyte extract.

Background: Dialyzable leukocyte extracts (DLEs) contain molecules smaller than 10 kDa with biological activity in receptor organisms. Primarily, they participate in the regulation of the Th1 immune response, which is essential for the control of several intracellular infections, such as toxoplasmosis. This disease is associated with congenital infection, encephalitis or systemic infections in immunocompromised individuals.

Six-month efficacy and safety of amfepramone in obese Mexican patients: a double-blinded, randomized, controlled trial.

Amfepramone, also known as diethylpropion, is an anorectic drug used for the short-term treatment of obesity; however, its efficacy and safety during periods greater than 3 months has been scarcely studied. To evaluate the 6-month efficacy and safety of amfepramone treatment in obese adult Mexican patients resistant to diet and exercise, a double-blinded, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trial study was designed on 156 volunteers with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2 and less than 45 kg/m2. Patients were randomized to receive a 75 mg tablet of amfepramone or placebo daily for 6 months.

Antineuropathic effect of 7-hydroxy-3,4-dihydrocadalin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rodents.

Background: Painful neuropathy is the most common and debilitating complication of diabetes and results in hyperalgesia and allodynia. Hyperglycemia clearly plays a key role in the development and progression of diabetic neuropathy. Current therapeutic approaches are only partially successful and they are only thought to reduce the pain associated with peripheral neuropathy.

The effects of metformin on inflammatory mediators in obese adolescents with insulin resistance: controlled randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To compare serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), adiponectin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), before and after 3 months treatment with metformin in obese adolescents with insulin resistance (IR).

Design And Subjects: This was a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial of two groups of obese adolescents with IR, aged 9-18 years: a placebo group (n=14) and a metformin group (n=12) who received 500 mg metformin every 12 h for 3 months. Anthropometric and biochemical (metabolic and inflammatory cytokines) assessments were compared at the beginning and end of treatment.

Pre-emptive analgesia with the combination of tramadol plus meloxicam for third molar surgery: a pilot study.

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate pre-emptive analgesia using the combination tramadol plus meloxicam compared with each individual drug alone for the reduction of pain after extraction of third molars. Fifty-one patients were randomised into three groups (n=17 in each), using a series of random numbers: the first group was given tramadol 25mg and meloxicam 7.5mg; the second tramadol 50mg, and the third meloxicam 15 mg, all intramuscularly.