Rational use of short-term anorectic drugs for one-year effective treatment of obesity: An analysis of four studies.

Background: Obesity is a complex disease for which pharmacotherapy is often used. Anti-obesity drugs (AODs) are characterized by inducing a variable inter-subject body weight reduction (BWR), the attainment of a plateau after their maximal effect is achieved, and weight regain after drug discontinuation, which complicate individualized treatment of obesity.

Objective: This exploratory analysis aimed to compare the first-month body weight reduction in kg (1mo-BWRkg) and tolerance development (moT) of four known interventions with low (placebo), intermediate (phentermine or mazindol monotherapy), and high (5 active ingredients fixed-dose combination) efficacy, as predictors of their 6-month body weight reduction efficacy in percent (6mo-BWR%).

[Risk factors associated with lethality on patients with central cord syndrome].

Background: Central Cord Syndrome is the most common incomplete spinal cord injury, and it represents 9% of all spinal injuries of the adult.

Objective: to determine the risk factors associated with lethality or/and mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with Central Cord Syndrome (CCS).

Material And Methods: upon a retrospective cohort with patients with posttraumatic CCS we evaluated at the time of emergency admission and until the hospital discharge.

n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Affects Oxidative Stress Marker Levels in Patients with Type II Intestinal Failure: A Randomized Double Blind Trial.

Type II intestinal failure (IF-II) is a condition in which the gastrointestinal tract is compromised. Liver complications may occur because of the pathology and/or prolonged use of parenteral nutrition (PN); oxidative stress has been implicated as one of the causes. Lipid emulsions containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been proposed for the treatment.

Corrigendum to Article CP203292.

Cecilia Fernández Del Valle-Laisequilla, Cristian Trejo-Jasso, Juan Carlos Huerta-Cruz, Lina Marcela Barranco-Garduño, Juan Rodríguez-Silverio, Héctor Isaac Rocha-González, Juan Gerardo Reyes-García. Efficacy and safety of a fixed-dose combination of D-norpseudoephedrine, triiodothyronine, atropine, aloin, and diazepam in obese patients. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther.

[Validation of the instrument "Infant Malnutrition and Feeding Checklist for Congenital Heart Disease", a tool to identify risk of malnutrition and feeding difficulties in infants with congenital heart disease].

Introduction: currently, various tools have been designed to timely detect the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized children. In those with a diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD), there is only one tool developed in Canada: Infant Malnutrition and Feeding Checklist for Congenital Heart Disease (IMFC:CHD), which was designed in English. Objective: to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Spanish adaptation of the IMFC:CHD tool in infants with CHD.

Effect of the Melanocortin 4-Receptor Ile269Asn Mutation on Weight Loss Response to Dietary, Phentermine and Bariatric Surgery Interventions.

The loss of function melanocortin 4-receptor () Ile269Asn mutation has been proposed as one of the most important genetic contributors to obesity in the Mexican population. However, whether patients bearing this mutation respond differently to weight loss treatments is unknown. We tested the association of this mutation with obesity in 1683 Mexican adults, and compared the response of mutation carriers and non-carriers to three different weight loss interventions: dietary restriction intervention, phentermine 30 mg/day treatment, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.

Metformin improves the weight reduction effect of mazindol in prediabetic obese Mexican subjects.

Objective: Obesity is the strongest risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to explore 7% weight reduction rates of mazindol alone or combined with metformin in non-diabetic obese Mexican subjects who had additional risk factors for T2D.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized double-blind study, 137 participants received 1 mg mazindol (n = 65) alone or combined with 500 mg metformin (n = 72), twice a day, for 6 months.

Combined First Month Body Weight Loss and Development of Tolerance as Predictors of 6-Month Efficacy of Mazindol in Mild and Moderate Obese Subjects.

The weight loss response to anti-obesity drugs is highly variable and poorly understood, which does not allow us to know, in advance, in which subjects the drug will be effective and in which it will not. The objective of this study was to explore the body weight reduction in kilograms in the first month (1mo-BWRkg) and the development of tolerance as predictors of 6-month efficacy for treatment with 1 mg mazindol twice a day. One hundred ninety-six obese subjects were individually or jointly analyzed.

GPR55 and GPR119 Receptors Contribute to the Processing of Neuropathic Pain in Rats.

Orphan G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) comprise a large number of receptors which are widely distributed in the nervous system and represent an opportunity to identify new molecular targets in pain medicine. GPR55 and GPR119 are two orphan GPCR receptors whose physiological function is unclear. The aim was to explore the participation of spinal GPR55 and GPR119 in the processing of neuropathic pain in rats.

DNA Methylation Levels of the Gene Promoter Are Associated with Congenital Septal Defects in Mexican Paediatric Patients.

The gene regulates morphological changes during heart development, and it has been associated with epigenetic abnormalities observed in congenital heart defects (CHD). The aim of this research was to evaluate the association between DNA methylation levels of the gene promoter and congenital septal defects. DNA methylation levels of six CpG sites in the gene promoter were evaluated using pyrosequencing analysis in 35 patients with congenital septal defects and 48 controls.

Weight Loss at First Month and Development of Tolerance as Possible Predictors of 30 mg Phentermine Efficacy at 6 Months.

The efficacy of anti-obesity drugs usually does not consider the high degree of interindividual variability in responses to the drug which could affect the decision to withdraw the drug early due to ineffectiveness or to continue therapy according to specific expectations of success. The aim of this study was to analyze body weight loss in kilograms during the first month (1 mo-BWL) of treatment with 30 mg phentermine and development of tolerance to phentermine, on its 6-month efficacy. One hundred sixty-six subjects with obesity were individually or jointly analyzed in the study.

Effect of the polymorphism (rs11548193) on plasma branched-chain amino acid concentrations after dietary intervention in subjects with obesity and insulin resistance.

Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are considered markers of insulin resistance (IR) in subjects with obesity. In this study, we evaluated whether the presence of the SNP of the branched-chain aminotransferase 2 () gene can modify the effect of a dietary intervention (DI) on the plasma concentration of BCAA in subjects with obesity and IR. A prospective cohort study of adult subjects with obesity, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ≥ 2·5) no diagnosed chronic disease, underwent a DI with an energy restriction of 3140 kJ/d and nutritional education for 1 month.

Three- and six-month efficacy and safety of phentermine in a Mexican obese population.

Objective: Mexico has the second largest prevalence of obesity among adults worldwide, a condition especially affecting the low-income population. There is a pressing need to improve therapeutic options for weight loss. Phentermine is an old and low-cost agent given as an adjuvant therapy for obesity for a 12-week period, at an initial dose of 15 mg or 30 mg.

Evaluation of the Antinociceptive, Antiallodynic, Antihyperalgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Polyalthic Acid.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are very commonly used, but their adverse effects warrant investigating new therapeutic alternatives. Polyalthic acid, a labdane-type diterpenoid, is known to produce gastroprotection, tracheal smooth muscle relaxation, and antitumoral, antiparasitic and antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive, antiallodynic, antihyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of polyalthic acid on rats.

Anorectic interaction and safety of 5-hydroxytryptophan/carbidopa plus phentermine or diethylpropion in rat.

Drug combinations are being studied as potential therapies to increase the efficacy or improve the safety profile of weight loss medications. This study was designed to determine the anorectic interaction and safety profile of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)/carbidopa + diethylpropion and 5-HTP/carbidopa + phentermine combinations in rats. The anorectic effect of individual drugs or in combination was evaluated by the sweetened milk test.

Efficacy and safety of the metformin-mazindol anorectic combination in rat.

The current study investigates the anorectic interaction and safety of the mazindol-metformin combination in rats. Isobologram and interaction index were used to determine anorectic interaction between mazindol and metformin in the sweetened milk model. The safety profile of the mazindol-metformin combination was determined by measuring anxiety, blood pressure, hematic biometry and blood chemistry.

Effect of the intake of dietary protein on insulin resistance in subjects with obesity: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: We compared the effect of diets with different amounts and sources of dietary protein on insulin sensitivity (IS) in subjects with obesity and insulin resistance (IR).

Methods: Eighty subjects with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m) and IR (Matsuda index < 4.3 and HOMA-IR ≥ 2.

Abnormal fluid distribution and low handgrip strength index as predictors of mortality in Mexican patients with chronic heart failure.

Objectives: In patients with heart failure, fluid alteration and low muscle strength frequently coexist because of their reduced physical activity and sedentary behavior; however, few studies have evaluated the effects of this coexistence on the prognosis of these patients. The aim of this study was to examine the independent association between fluid alteration and the low handgrip strength (HGS) index with mortality in patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods: This observational study included 546 (53.

A Role for Both V1a and V2 Receptors in Renal Heat Stress Injury Amplified by Rehydration with Fructose.

Chronic vasopressin secretion induced by recurrent mild heat stress exposure is significantly enhanced by limited rehydration with a fructose-containing beverage both in rodents and in humans. Moreover, this effect has been associated with upregulation of the polyol-fructokinase pathway and increased renal oxidative stress. Previously, we have shown that pharmacological inhibition of both V1a and V2 vasopressin receptors with conivaptan improved such renal alterations.

Possible involvement of peripheral TRP channels in the hydrogen sulfide-induced hyperalgesia in diabetic rats.

Background: Peripheral diabetic neuropathy can be painful and its symptoms include hyperalgesia, allodynia and spontaneous pain. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is involved in diabetes-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia. However, the molecular target through which HS induces hyperalgesia in diabetic animals is unclear.