Age at surgery as a predictor of cognitive improvements in patients with drug-resistant temporal epilepsy.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery is an effective procedure that can produce cognitive changes. However, the prognostic factors related with cognitive outcomes need to be better understood. The aim of the present study is to know if age at surgery is a reliable predictor of verbal memory competence and considering factors such as: hemisphere; type of surgery; pre-surgical seizure frequency; and epilepsy duration.

Mesencephalic area measured by transcranial sonography in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism.

Background: Transcranial B-mode sonography (TCS) has become an important tool in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism given that current technology enables an adequate assessment of brain structures. In this study we aimed at evaluating the usefulness of midbrain area measured by TCS in the differential diagnosis between Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP).

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of PD or PSP according to current clinical criteria were recruited.

The study of deep brain structures by transcranial duplex sonography and imaging resonance correlation.

Transcranial duplex sonography (TCS) currently provides us with images of deep brain structures with sufficient resolution. We chose 2 sonographic quantitative parameters: the diameter of the third ventricle and a measurement not used by TCS to date, the midbrain area. Their reliability and reproducibility were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as the reference.

Late clinical and radiological complications of stereotactical radiosurgery of arteriovenous malformations of the brain.

Introduction: Post-radiation injury of patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM) include blood-brain barrier breakdown (BBBB), edema, and necrosis. Prevalence, clinical relevance, and response to treatment are poorly known. We present a series of consecutive brain AVM treated with stereotactic radiosurgery describing the appearance of radiation injury and clinical complications.

Postradiosurgery hemorrhage rates of arteriovenous malformations of the brain: influencing factors and evolution with time.

Background And Purpose: The long-term benefit of radiosurgery of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM), especially nonhemorrhagic cases, is controversial. We calculated hemorrhage rates pre- and posttreatment and analyzed the risk factors for bleeding based on cases followed at our site.

Methods: One hundred eight patients, age 36 ± 17 years, 56 men.

Local stimulation of the adenosine A2B receptors induces an increased release of IL-6 in mouse striatum: an in vivo microdialysis study.

Both adenosine and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of, e.g., epileptic seizures, traumatic brain injury, and affective disorders.