Phase II clinical trial assessing the efficacy of enzalutamide in advanced non-resectable granulosa cell ovarian tumors: The GREKO III study (GETHI2016-01).

Background: Granulosa cell ovarian tumors (GCT) are orphan disease with limited treatments. Hormone therapy is a potential treatment, due to the overexpression of hormone receptors in most tumors. This study explores the activity of the antiandrogen, enzalutamide, in metastatic cases.

Retrospective study assessing the role of the androgen receptor in clear cell renal cell cancer patients treated with VEGFR inhibitors in monotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Despite that incorporating antiangiogenic in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors as the standard first-line treatment for advanced clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) yields promising outcomes, these regimens often lead to significant toxicity. However, a subgroup of patients has shown responsiveness to VEGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in monotherapy, leading to the question of whether employing combination therapies can significantly enhance overall survival in all patients over monotherapy. Thus, we aim to identify gene expression signatures that can predict TKI response within subpopulations that might benefit from single-agent therapies, to minimize unnecessary exposure to combination therapies and their associated toxicities, as well as to discover new potential therapeutic targets to improve ccRCC treatment.

Randomized phase II clinical trial of ruxolitinib plus simvastatin in COVID19 clinical outcome and cytokine evolution.

Background: Managing the inflammatory response to SARS-Cov-2 could prevent respiratory insufficiency. Cytokine profiles could identify cases at risk of severe disease.

Methods: We designed a randomized phase II clinical trial to determine whether the combination of ruxolitinib (5 mg twice a day for 7 days followed by 10 mg BID for 7 days) plus simvastatin (40 mg once a day for 14 days), could reduce the incidence of respiratory insufficiency in COVID-19.

Open-label phase II clinical trial of ketoconazole as CYP17 inhibitor in metastatic or advanced non-resectable granulosa cell ovarian tumors: the GREKO (GRanulosa Et KetOconazole) trial, GETHI 2011-03.

Background: Granulosa cell ovarian tumor (GCT) is characterized by a pathognomonic mutation in the FOXL2 gene (402 C > G) that leads to an overactivation of steroidogenesis. CYP17 is a key enzyme in such process and can be inhibited by ketoconazole.

Methods: We designed a phase II clinical trial to assess the efficacy of ketoconazole in advanced GCT and conducted several in vitro studies to support the clinical findings.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with melanoma: results of the Spanish Melanoma Group registry.

Background: The Spanish Melanoma Group (GEM) developed a national registry of patients with melanoma infected by SARS-CoV-2 ("GRAVID").

Methods: The main objective was to describe the COVID-19 fatality rate in patients with melanoma throughout the pandemic, as well as to explore the effect of melanoma treatment and tumor stage on the risk of COVID-19 complications. These are the final data of the register, including cases from February 2020 to September 2021.

Prognostic Value and Clinical Significance of FGFR Genomic Alterations (GAs) in Metastatic Urothelial Cancer Patients.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genomic alterations (GAs) represent an actionable target, key to the pathogenesis of some urothelial cancers (UCs). Though FGFR GAs are common in noninvasive UC, little is known about their role in the metastatic(m) setting and response to therapy. This study aimed to assess the impact of FGFR alterations on sensitivity to systemic treatments and survival and to validate Bajorin's and Bellmunt's prognostic scores in mUC patients according to their FGFR status.

Whole exome sequencing identifies PLEC, EXO5 and DNAH7 as novel susceptibility genes in testicular cancer.

Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are a clinically and pathologically heterogeneous disease, and little is known of its genetic basis. Only low susceptibility risk loci have been identified for both sporadic and familial cases. Therefore, we tried to identify new susceptibility genes responsible for familial testicular cancer that may contribute to increasing our knowledge about the genetic basis of the disease.

Exceptional Response to Temsirolimus in a Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma With an Early Novel -Activating Mutation.

mTOR pathway inhibitors are important drugs for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, no valid predictive markers have been identified to guide treatment selection and identify patients who are sensitive to these drugs. Mutations activating the mTOR pathway have been suggested to predict response; however, their predictive value is still unclear.

Different strategies of treatment for uterine cervical carcinoma stage IB2-IIB.

Uterine cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy. It is estimated that over 35% of tumors are diagnosed at locally advanced disease, stage IB2-IIB with an estimated 5-year overall survival of 60%. During the last decades, the initial treatment for these women has been debated and largely varies through different countries.

Renal carcinoma pharmacogenomics and predictors of response: Steps toward treatment individualization.

Molecular knowledge has deeply affected the treatment and outcome of kidney cancer in recent years, and several therapeutic options have become available. However, there are no validated biomarkers to select the best drug for each patient. Already published studies and ongoing investigations could change this scenario in the near future.

Borderline tumours of the ovary, current controversies regarding their diagnosis and treatment.

Borderline ovarian tumours generally affect women of reproductive age. The positive prognosis is related to the fact that over 80% of cases are diagnosed at an early stage of the disease. Although radical surgery is the standard of care for this disease, fertility-sparing surgery can be performed in selected cases.