Response of L. (Cretan dittany) to Five Species of Root-Knot Nematodes ( spp.).

Cretan dittany ( L.) is an aromatic and medicinal plant, local endemic of the island of Crete, Greece, occurring naturally to high rocky mountain habitats. Due to its commercial interest, cultivation of this plant has been recently expanded.

Recombinase Polymerase Amplification assay for detection of the British root-knot nematode, .

Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is an isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique that has been adopted for simple, robust, rapid, reliable diagnostics of nematodes. In this study, the real-time RPA assay and RPA assay combined with lateral flow dipsticks (LF-RPA) have been developed targeting the ITS rRNA gene of the British root-knot nematode, . The assay provided specific and rapid detection of this root-knot nematode species from crude nematode extracts without a DNA extraction step with a sensitivity of 0.

First reports of , and (Tylenchomorpha) from Greece and further records of four other nematode species.

Nematode samplings in various areas and crops of Greece were carried out and the recovered nematode species were characterized using morphological and molecular data. Seven species of plant-parasitic nematodes were recovered, three of which are reported for the first time in Greece, including , and . Four other recovered species had already been reported in Greece, including , , and .

First Report of Heterodera zeae Koshy, Swarup & Sethi, 1971 (corn cyst Nematode) Infecting Corn (Zea mays) in Spain.

Heterodera zeae Koshy, Swarup & Sethi, 1971 (corn cyst nematode) is an important disease of corn in several areas of the world, including India, Nepal, Pakistan, Egypt, USA, Greece and Portugal (Subbotin et al., 2010). It is a sedentary semi-endoparasite feeding on corn roots and other Poaceae plants and has been associated with significant yield losses in corn (Subbotin et al.

A Blind-Identification Test on (de Man, 1921) Micoletzky, 1925 Species Complex Corroborate the Hyper-Cryptic Species Diversity Using Integrative Taxonomy.

Ring nematodes are obligate ectoparasites on crops and natural herbaceous and woody plants, and some species are of economic importance and cause damage to roots of several crops. Recent integrative taxonomical analyses recognized the existence of two cryptic species within the morphotype in Spain. In this study, we corroborated that morphometric, morphological and a multi-locus analysis (including the ribosomal markers D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA, 18S RNA, and the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I gene) identified a new lineage clearly separated from , and .

DNA Barcoding and Morphometry Reveal Further Cryptic Bio-Diversity within the Pin Nematode Genus (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae).

species are obligate ectoparasitic nematodes on cultivated and wild herbaceous and woody plants occupying numerous soil categories. Several species may cause damage to several crops (. , , , and on carnation, lettuce, rose and walnut, respectively).

First Report of Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang & Eisenback, 1983 (Guava Root-knot Nematode) Infecting Guava (Psidium guajava) in Egypt.

Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang & Eisenback, 1983 (guava root-knot nematode) is an important disease in subtropical to tropical climate in several areas of the world (Subbotin et al., 2021). It is a highly polyphagous root-knot nematode species causing major damage to a range of economically important crops.

First Report of Hooper, 1961 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) from Greece.

Longidorid nematodes comprise more than 500 species, and and are the most diversified, prevalent, and cosmopolitan genera within plant-parasitic nematodes. The genus comprise a group of species, some of which are vectors of plant viruses. New sampling for needle nematodes was carried out in a grapevine area in Thessaloniki, northern Greece, and one nematode species of () was recovered.

A Proposed New Species Complex within the Cosmopolitan Ring Nematode (de Man, 1921) Micoletzky, 1925.

Ring nematodes are obligate ectoparasites on cultivated and wild herbaceous and woody plants, inhabiting many types of soil, but particularly sandy soils. This study explored the morphometrical and molecular diversity of ring nematodes resembling in 222 soil samples from fruit crops in Spain, including almond, apricot, peach and plum, as well as populations from cultivated and wild olives, and common yew. Ring nematodes of the genus were detected in 12 samples from under spp.

First Report of Luc, 1961 (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae) from Nigeria.

A population of a species of dagger nematode () belonging to the non- group was recovered from the fields of kola nut ( sp.) in southern Nigeria. The morphological and morphometric data obtained from this population were consistent with the characteristics of the species .

Distribution, Ecological Factors, Molecular Diversity, and Specific PCR for Major Species of Pin Nematodes ( spp.) in Plantations in Spain.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of species in the main areas of spp. production in Spain, their ecological constraints, and new molecular tools for the specific identification of major species. Pin nematodes are recognized as plant-parasitic nematodes with a wide host range and global distribution.

-A Threat to Rice Production: Review Update on Distribution, Biology, Identification, and Management.

Rice ( L.) is one of the main cultivated crops worldwide and represents a staple food for more than half of the world population. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), spp.

Integrative Taxonomy Reveals Hidden Cryptic Diversity within Pin Nematodes of the Genus (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae).

This study delves into the diagnosis of pin nematodes ( spp.) in Spain based on integrative taxonomical approaches using 24 isolates from diverse natural and cultivated environments. Eighteen species were identified using females, males (when available) and juveniles with detailed morphology-morphometry and molecular markers (D2-D3, ITS and COI).

' Xiphinematincola pachtaicus' gen. nov., sp. nov., an endosymbiotic bacterium associated with nematode species of the genus (Nematoda, Longidoridae).

An intracellular bacterium, strain IAS, was observed to infect several species of the plant-parasitic nematode genus (, , , , and ). The bacterium could not be recovered on axenic medium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of IAS was found to be new, being related to the family Burkholderiaceae, class Betaproteobacteria.

Remarkable Cryptic Diversity of spp. (Nematoda: Tylenchulidae) in Spain.

In previous studies, fifteen species of , commonly known as pin nematodes, have been reported in Spain. These plant-parasitic nematodes are ectoparasites with a wide host range and global distribution. In this research, 27 populations from twelve species from 18 municipalities in Spain were studied using morphological, morphometrical and molecular data.

Morphological and molecular characterisation of (Nematoda: Longidoridae), first report from Greece.

Sampling for needle nematodes was carried out in a grapevine area in Thessaloniki, North Greece and two nematode species of ( and ) were collected. Nematodes were extracted from 500 cm of soil by modified sieving and decanting method, processed to glycerol and mounted on permanent slides, and subsequently identified morphologically and molecularly. Nematode DNA was extracted from single individuals and PCR assays were conducted to amplify D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA, ITS1 rRNA, and partial mitochondrial coxI regions.

Global Distribution of the Reniform Nematode Genus with the Synonymy of with .

Reniform nematodes of the genus are semi-endoparasites of numerous herbaceous and woody plant roots that occur largely in regions with temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates. In this study, we compared 12 populations of and 16 populations of , including paratypes deposited in nematode collections, confirming that morphological characters between both nematode species do not support their separation. In addition, analysis of molecular markers using nuclear ribosomal DNA (, ) and mitochondrial DNA () genes, as well as phylogenetic approaches, confirmed the synonymy of with .

Morphostatic Speciation within the Dagger Nematode Complex Species (Nematoda: Longidoridae).

Dagger nematodes of the genus include a remarkable group of invertebrates of the phylum Nematoda comprising ectoparasitic animals of many wild and cultivated plants. Damage is caused by direct feeding on root cells and by vectoring nepoviruses that cause diseases on several crops. Precise identification of species is critical for launching appropriate control measures.

New Distribution and Molecular Diversity of the Reniform Nematode (Nematoda: Rotylenchulinae) in Europe.

Reniform nematodes of the genus are semi-endoparasites of numerous herbaceous and woody plant species roots and occur largely in regions with temperate, subtropical, and tropical climates. In this study, we provide new records of the nematode in eight European countries (Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Serbia, and Portugal), in addition to the six Mediterranean countries (Greece, Israel, Jordan, Spain, Syria, and Turkey) where the nematode was previously reported. Four new host species (corn, pea, wheat, and an almond-peach hybrid rootstock) are added to the recorded host species (bean, chickpea, hazelnut, peanut, soybean, and wild and cultivated olive).

Evaluation of the Phytopathological Reaction of Wild and Cultivated Olives as a Means of Finding Promising New Sources of Genetic Diversity for Resistance to Root-Knot Nematodes.

Olive ( L.) is one of the most important fruit crops in the Mediterranean Basin, because it occupies significant acreage in these countries and often has important cultural heritage and landscape value. This crop can be infected by several species (, , and , among others), and only a few cultivars with some level of resistance to these nematodes have been found.

Integrative taxonomy of and from Spain.

Three populations of non- group species were detected in agricultural and natural ecosystems, during routine surveys for plant-parasitic nematodes in Spain. Based on morphological and molecular analyses, the species were identified as and , being this the first record and molecular characterization of both species in Spain. The morphometrics and morphology of the Spanish populations agree with those of the original description and paratype specimens and the present study provided a first description of the second to fourth juvenile stages of both species.

First report of cultivated Cretan mountain tea () as a host of and in Crete, with some additional records on the occurrence of species in Greece.

Cultivated Cretan mountain tea or Malotira ( L.) was found to be infected by and in the island of Crete. The authors provide the first molecular characterization of in Greece and the first report of Cretan mountain tea or Malotira as a host of species worldwide.

Secretome analysis of Strongyloides venezuelensis parasitic stages reveals that soluble and insoluble proteins are involved in its parasitism.

Background: Parasites excrete and secrete a wide range of molecules that act as the primary interface with their hosts and play critical roles in establishing parasitism during different stages of infection. Strongyloides venezuelensis is a gastrointestinal parasite of rats that is widely used as a laboratory model and is known to produce both soluble and insoluble (adhesive) secretions during its parasitic stages. However, little is known about the constituents of these secretions.