Breaking the Spin-Forbidden Restriction to Achieve Long Lifetime Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Carbon Dots.

Room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) carbon dots (CDs) demonstrate significant potential applications in the field of information anticounterfeiting due to their excellent optical properties. However, RTP emission of CDs remains significantly limited due to the spin-forbidden properties of triplet exciton transitions. In this work, an in situ nitrogen doping strategy was employed to design and construct strong spin-orbit coupling nitrogen-doped CDs with mesoporous silica with alumina (N-CDs@MS@AlO) RTP composites.

A scallop IκB protein involved in innate immunity acts as a key regulator of NF-κB.

Chlamys farreri, a commercially important bivalve mollusk, is extensively cultivated in China. In recent years, the frequent occurrence of diseases has led to significant mortality in scallop farms. Despite this, our understanding of scallop's innate immune mechanisms remains limited.

Histone demethylase KDM2A recruits HCFC1 and E2F1 to orchestrate male germ cell meiotic entry and progression.

In mammals, the transition from mitosis to meiosis facilitates the successful production of gametes. However, the regulatory mechanisms that control meiotic initiation remain unclear, particularly in the context of complex histone modifications. Herein, we show that KDM2A, acting as a lysine demethylase targeting H3K36me3 in male germ cells, plays an essential role in modulating meiotic entry and progression.

Ultrafast DNA detection based on turn-back loop primer-accelerated LAMP (TLAMP).

Rapid DNA detection is a long-pursuing goal in molecular detection, especially in combating infectious diseases. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a robust and prevailing DNA detection method in pathogen detection, which has been drawing broad interest in improving its performance. Herein, we reported a new strategy and developed a new LAMP variant named TLAMP with a superior amplification rate.

Gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol films loaded with doubly stabilized clove essential oil chitosomes: Preparation, characterization, and application in packing marinated steaks.

In this study, a promising active food-packaging film of Gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol (GEL/PVA) integrated with doubly stabilized clove essential oil chitosome nanoparticles (CNP) was developed to maintain the freshness of marinated steaks. Results from the XRD and SEM experiments indicated excellent compatibility between the CNP and GEL/PVA matrix. Additionally, CNP was found to introduce more free hydroxyl groups, enhance the water retention and surface wettability of the CNP-GEL/PVA (C-G/P) film, and significantly reduce the swelling index from 963.

Development and characterization of wax-bovine bone protein-grapeseed oil composite oleogels: Experimental and molecular simulation studies.

Three new types of composite oleogel formulations were designed. Specifically, oleogels were prepared using 90% grapeseed oil as the oil phase and carnauba wax (CW)/beeswax/rice bran wax-bovine bone protein (BBP) as gelators. All samples were solid and had an oil-binding capacity of >90%.

M1 macrophage-derived exosomes inhibit cardiomyocyte proliferation through delivering miR-155.

Background: M1 macrophages are closely associated with cardiac injury after myocardial infarction (MI). Increasing evidence shows that exosomes play a key role in pathophysiological regulation after MI, but the role of M1 macrophage-derived exosomes (M1-Exos) in myocardial regeneration remains unclear. In this study, we explored the impact of M1 macrophage-derived exosomes on cardiomyocytes regeneration in vitro and in vivo.

LRIG1 engages ligand VISTA and impairs tumor-specific CD8 T cell responses.

Immune checkpoint blockade is a promising approach to activate antitumor immunity and improve the survival of patients with cancer. V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) is an immune checkpoint target; however, the downstream signaling mechanisms are elusive. Here, we identify leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1) as a VISTA binding partner, which acts as an inhibitory receptor by engaging VISTA and suppressing T cell receptor signaling pathways.

Niraparib maintenance therapy using an individualised starting dose in patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (NORA): final overall survival analysis of a phase 3 randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Niraparib significantly prolonged progression-free survival versus placebo in patients with platinum-sensitive, recurrent ovarian cancer (PSROC), regardless of germline mutation (gm) status, in NORA. This analysis reports final data on overall survival (OS).

Methods: This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial enrolled patients across 30 centres in China between 26 September 2017 and 2 February 2019 (clinicaltrials.

Assessing the structural and foaming property changes in egg yolk proteins due to malondialdehyde: Experimental and molecular docking studies.

This study evaluated the effects of varying levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) on the structural and foaming properties of the egg yolk proteins (EYPs), and the interaction between them was explored by molecular docking. The results showed that oxidative modification due to MDA increased the carbonyl content of EYPs by 4.49 times.

A Horizontal and Longitudinal Study on the Changes of Aging Thyroid Function in Elderly Male Population.

Objectives: There are few follow-up studies on thyroid function in the same group for many years. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the changes of thyroid function in a group of people for 8 years and to explore the changes of thyroid function in elderly men with normal thyroid function with age.

Methods: Reviewing the records of elderly men who underwent physical examination in the Beijing Hospital physical examination center from 2013 to 2020, 354 subjects were included in the study.

Effect of Environmental pH on the Mechanics of Chitin and Chitosan: A Single-Molecule Study.

Chitin and chitosan are important structural macromolecules for most fungi and marine crustaceans. The functions and application areas of the two molecules are also adjacent beyond their similar molecular structure, such as tissue engineering and food safety where solution systems are involved. However, the elasticities of chitin and chitosan in solution lack comparison at the molecular level.

Research on the Surface-State Parameterization of a Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Joint Made of Aluminum Alloy and Its Connection to the Fracture Mode.

Surface features are crucial for assessing welding quality because they serve as an intuitive depiction of the quality of the joint and have a major influence on welding strength. According to the characteristics of the refill friction stir spot welding (RFSSW) process and an analysis of the surface-state and internal morphology of RFSSW joints, a method of predicting the mechanical properties of RFSSW joints based on surface-state characteristics was proposed. In this paper, a laser-ranging sensor was used to characterize the surface state of RFSSW joints, and parametric characterization methods of the surface-state features of RFSSW joints were proposed.

Kidney Failure Secondary to Hereditary Xanthinuria due to a Homozygous Deletion of the XDH Gene in the Absence of Overt Kidney Stone Disease.

Hereditary xanthinuria (HXAN) is a rare metabolic disorder that results from mutations in either the xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) or the molybdenum cofactor sulfurase genes (MOCOS), respectively defining HXAN type I and type II. Hypouricemia, hypouricosuria, and abnormally high plasma and urine levels of xanthine, causing susceptibility to xanthine nephrolithiasis and deposition of xanthine crystals in tissues, are the metabolic hallmarks of HXAN. Several pathogenic variants in the XDH gene have so far been identified in patients with HXAN type I, but the clinical phenotype associated with the whole deletion of the human XDH gene is unknown.

Membrane-associated NRPM proteins are novel suppressors of stomatal production in Arabidopsis.

In Arabidopsis, stomatal development and patterning require tightly regulated cell division and cell-fate differentiation that are controlled by key transcription factors and signaling molecules. To identify new regulators of stomatal development, we assay the transcriptomes of plants bearing enriched stomatal lineage cells that undergo active division. A member of the novel regulators at the plasma membrane (NRPM) family annotated as hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins was identified to highly express in stomatal lineage cells.

Leveraging CRISPR/Cas12 signal amplifier to sensitive detection of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 and high-throughput inhibitor screening.

As an essential protein in DNA repair, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) plays multiple critical functions in maintaining homeostasis, making it a significant biomarker and therapeutic target for many disorders. Here, we describe a simple method to detect APE1 based on the Releasing-Extension-Signal amplification Test (REST) strategy that leverages the dsDNA as the activator to fully unlock the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a. This assay provides a rapid and specific APE1 detection with a detection limit down to 1.

VISTA promotes the metabolism and differentiation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells by STAT3 and polyamine-dependent mechanisms.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) impair antitumor immune responses. Identifying regulatory circuits during MDSC development may bring new opportunities for therapeutic interventions. We report that the V-domain suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA) functions as a key enabler of MDSC differentiation.

Nanotechnological approaches for the treatment of placental dysfunction: recent trends and future perspectives.

The transitory placenta develops during pregnancy and mediates the blood flow between the mother and the developing baby. Placental dysfunction, including but not limited to placenta accreta spectrum, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia and gestational trophoblastic disease, arises from abnormal placental development and can result in significant adverse maternal and fetal health outcomes. Unfortunately, there is a lack of treatment alternatives for these disorders.

Coding RNA expression profile and transcription factor analysis of H.pylori-associated chronic atrophic gastritis.

Purpose: Atrophic gastritis, one of the processes leading to gastric cancer (GC), is closely related to Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection. This study aimed to understand how HP causes chronic inflammation that leads to ulcers and stomach problems.

Methods: Twenty-eight CAG patients were included in the study (9 HP-infected and 19 HP-uninfected).

Molecular characterization and functional analysis of a mollusk Rel homologous gene.

Members of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) family are crucial regulators of physiological processes such as apoptosis, inflammation, and the immune response, acting as vital transcription factors to perform their function. In this study, we identified a NF-κB homologous gene (CfRel1) in Zhikong scallops. The 3006-bp-long open reading frame encodes 1001 amino acids.