Incidence of secondary fractures after implementation of different models of FLS secondary prevention programs: Scoping review.

Background: As the number of programs aimed at preventing fragility fractures and mitigating the phenomenon of cascade fractures is increasing worldwide, so it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of such programs to seek their feasible implementation at regional and global levels.

Aims: This paper aims to provide an overview focusing on the incidence of secondary fractures after the implementation of any type of fracture liaison service (FLS). To this end, a scoping review was conducted focusing on the identification of clinical evidence reported in systematic reviews of the medical literature in this area.

Combining Quantitative Proteomics and Interactomics for a Deeper Insight into Molecular Differences between Human Cell Lines.

In modern biomedical research, cultivable cell lines are an indispensable tool, and the selection of cell lines that exhibit specific functional profiles is often critical to success. Cellular functional pathways have evolved through the selection of protein intra- and intermolecular interactions collectively referred to as the interactome. In the present work, quantitative in vivo protein cross-linking and mass spectrometry were used to probe large-scale protein interactome differences among three commonly employed human cell lines, namely, HEK293, MCF-7, and HeLa cells.

New therapies on the horizon: Targeted protein degradation in neuroscience.

This minireview explores the burgeoning field of targeted protein degradation (TPD) and its promising applications in neuroscience and clinical development. TPD offers innovative strategies for modulating protein levels, presenting a paradigm shift in small-molecule drug discovery and therapeutic interventions. Importantly, small-molecule protein degraders specifically target and remove pathogenic proteins from central nervous system cells without the drug delivery challenges of genomic and antibody-based modalities.

Combining quantitative proteomics and interactomics for a deeper insight into molecular differences between human cell lines.

Cellular functional pathways have evolved through selection based on fitness benefits conferred through protein intra- and inter-molecular interactions that comprise all protein conformational features and protein-protein interactions, collectively referred to as the interactome. While the interactome is regulated by proteome levels, it is also regulated independently by, post translational modification, co-factor, and ligand levels, as well as local protein environmental factors, such as osmolyte concentration, pH, ionic strength, temperature and others. In modern biomedical research, cultivatable cell lines have become an indispensable tool, with selection of optimal cell lines that exhibit specific functional profiles being critical for success in many cases.

South American Archaeological Isotopic Database, a regional-scale multi-isotope data compendium for research.

The South American Archaeological Isotopic Database (SAAID) is a comprehensive open-access resource that aggregates all available bioarchaeological stable and radiogenic isotope measurements, encompassing data from human individuals, animals, and plants across South America. Resulting from a collaborative effort of scholars who work with stable isotopes in this region, SAAID contains 53,781 isotopic measurements across 24,507 entries from individuals/specimens spanning over 12,000 years. SAAID includes valuable contextual information on archaeological samples and respective sites, such as chronology, geographical region, biome, and spatial coordinates, biological details like estimated sex and age for human individuals, and taxonomic description for fauna and flora.

Mitochondrial interactome quantitation reveals structural changes in metabolic machinery in the failing murine heart.

Advancements in cross-linking mass spectrometry (XL-MS) bridge the gap between purified systems and native tissue environments, allowing the detection of protein structural interactions in their native state. Here we use isobaric quantitative protein interaction reporter technology (iqPIR) to compare the mitochondria protein interactomes in healthy and hypertrophic murine hearts, 4 weeks post-transaortic constriction. The failing heart interactome includes 588 statistically significant cross-linked peptide pairs altered in the disease condition.

Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of and the Presumptive Parents and (Fagaceae) from California.

Here, we present the complete chloroplast genomes of , , and from California. The genomes are 161,119 to 161,130 bp and encode 132 genes. and are identical in sequence but differ from by three indels and eight SNPs.

Differential Proteome and Interactome Analysis Reveal the Basis of Pleiotropy Associated With the Histidine Methyltransferase Hpm1p.

The methylation of histidine is a post-translational modification whose function is poorly understood. Methyltransferase histidine protein methyltransferase 1 (Hpm1p) monomethylates H243 in the ribosomal protein Rpl3p and represents the only known histidine methyltransferase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Interestingly, the hpm1 deletion strain is highly pleiotropic, with many extraribosomal phenotypes including improved growth rates in alternative carbon sources.

Improved Interpretation of Protein Conformational Differences and Ligand Occupancy in Large-Scale Cross-Link Data.

Chemical cross-linking of proteins in complex samples, cells, or even tissues is emerging to provide unique structural information on proteins and complexes that exist within native or nativelike environments. The public database XLinkDB automatically maps cross-links to available structures based on sequence homology. Structures most likely to reflect protein conformations in the cross-linked sample are routinely identified by having cross-linked residues separated by Euclidean distances within the maximum span of the applied cross-linker.

Upregulation of mitochondrial ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1) mediates increased glycolysis in mouse hearts.

In hypertrophied and failing hearts, fuel metabolism is reprogrammed to increase glucose metabolism, especially glycolysis. This metabolic shift favors biosynthetic function at the expense of ATP production. Mechanisms responsible for the switch are poorly understood.

Rapid Weight Loss of Up to Five Percent of the Body Mass in Less Than 7 Days Does Not Affect Physical Performance in Official Olympic Combat Athletes With Weight Classes: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.

Given the relevance of the effects that weight loss can generate on the physical performance in athletes, this study performed a systematic review with meta-analysis of the published literature on rapid weight loss (RWL) and examined its impact on the physical performance in Official Olympic combat sports athletes. The "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis" (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to ensure an ethical and complete reporting of the findings. PubMed, SPORT Discus, and EBSCO were the electronic databases explored for article retrieval and selection.

Multiplexed Isobaric Quantitative Cross-Linking Reveals Drug-Induced Interactome Changes in Breast Cancer Cells.

The study of protein structures and interactions is critical to understand their function. Chemical cross-linking of proteins with mass spectrometry (XL-MS) is a rapidly developing structural biology technique able to provide valuable insight into protein conformations and interactions, even as they exist within their native cellular environment. Quantitative analysis of cross-links can reveal protein conformational and interaction changes that occur as a result of altered biological states, environmental conditions, or pharmacological perturbations.

Multiplexed Cross-Linking with Isobaric Quantitative Protein Interaction Reporter Technology.

Chemical cross-linking with mass spectrometry (XL-MS) has emerged as a useful technique for interrogating protein structures and interactions. When combined with quantitative proteomics strategies, protein conformational and interaction dynamics can be probed. Quantitative XL-MS has been demonstrated with the use of stable isotopes incorporated metabolically or into the cross-linker molecules.

Kinetics of myelin breakdown products: A labeling study in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis.

The majority of disease modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) reduce inflammation, but do no't target remyelination. Development of remyelinating therapies will benefit from a method to quantify myelin kinetics in patients with MS. We labeled myelin in vivo with deuterium, and modeled kinetics of myelin breakdown products β-galactosylceramide (β-GalC) and N-Octadecanoyl-sulfatide (NO-Sulf).

Quantitative interactome analysis with chemical cross-linking and mass spectrometry.

Structural plasticity and dynamic protein-protein interactions are critical determinants of protein function within living systems. Quantitative chemical cross-linking with mass spectrometry (qXL-MS) is an emerging technology able to provide information on changes in protein conformations and interactions. Importantly, qXL-MS is applicable to complex biological systems, including living cells and tissues, thereby providing insights into proteins within their native environments.

Characterizing environmental stress responses of aposymbiotic Astrangia poculata to divergent thermal challenges.

Anthropogenic climate change threatens corals globally and both high and low temperatures are known to induce coral bleaching. However, coral stress responses across wide thermal breadths remain understudied. Disentangling the role of symbiosis on the stress response in obligately symbiotic corals is challenging because this response is inherently coupled with nutritional stress.

In-Cell Labeling and Mass Spectrometry for Systems-Level Structural Biology.

Biological systems have evolved to utilize proteins to accomplish nearly all functional roles needed to sustain life. A majority of biological functions occur within the crowded environment inside cells and subcellular compartments where proteins exist in a densely packed complex network of protein-protein interactions. The structural biology field has experienced a renaissance with recent advances in crystallography, NMR, and CryoEM that now produce stunning models of large and complex structures previously unimaginable.

SMA Identified: Clinical and Molecular Findings From a Sponsored Testing Program for Spinal Muscular Atrophy in More Than 2,000 Individuals.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) linked to chromosome 5q is an inherited progressive neuromuscular disorder with a narrow therapeutic window for optimal treatment. Although genetic testing provides a definitive molecular diagnosis that can facilitate access to effective treatments, limited awareness and other barriers may prohibit widespread testing. In this study, the clinical and molecular findings of SMA Identified-a no-charge sponsored next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based genetic testing program for SMA diagnosis-are reported.

Deciphering the architecture and interactome of hnRNP proteins and enigmRBPs.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have conserved domains and consensus sequences that interact with RNAs and other proteins forming ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes. RNPs are involved in the regulation of several cellular processes, including transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA transport, localization, degradation and storage, and ultimately control of translation. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) comprise a family of RBPs that mediate transcription control and nuclear processing of transcripts.

Crosslinking mass spectrometry: A link between structural biology and systems biology.

Protein structure underpins functional roles in all biological processes; therefore, improved understanding of protein structures is of fundamental importance in nearly all biological and biomedical research areas. Traditional techniques such as X-ray crystallography and more recently, cryo-EM, can reveal structural features on isolated proteins/protein complexes at atomic resolution level and have become indispensable tools for structural biology. Crosslinking mass spectrometry (XL-MS), on the other hand, is an emerging technique capable of capturing transient and dynamic information on protein interactions and assemblies in their native environment.

Acetylation of muscle creatine kinase negatively impacts high-energy phosphotransfer in heart failure.

A hallmark of impaired myocardial energetics in failing hearts is the downregulation of the creatine kinase (CK) system. In heart failure patients and animal models, myocardial phosphocreatine content and the flux of the CK reaction are negatively correlated with the outcome of heart failure. While decreased CK activity is highly reproducible in failing hearts, the underlying mechanisms remains elusive.

Accurate prediction of clinical stroke scales and improved biomarkers of motor impairment from robotic measurements.

Objective: One of the greatest challenges in clinical trial design is dealing with the subjectivity and variability introduced by human raters when measuring clinical end-points. We hypothesized that robotic measures that capture the kinematics of human movements collected longitudinally in patients after stroke would bear a significant relationship to the ordinal clinical scales and potentially lead to the development of more sensitive motor biomarkers that could improve the efficiency and cost of clinical trials.

Materials And Methods: We used clinical scales and a robotic assay to measure arm movement in 208 patients 7, 14, 21, 30 and 90 days after acute ischemic stroke at two separate clinical sites.

Applications and advancements of FT-ICR-MS for interactome studies.

The set of all intra- and intermolecular interactions, collectively known as the interactome, is currently an unmet challenge for any analytical method, but if measured, could provide unparalleled insight on molecular function in living systems. Developments and applications of chemical cross-linking and high-performance mass spectrometry technologies are beginning to reveal details on how proteins interact in cells and how protein conformations and interactions inside cells change with phenotype or during drug treatment or other perturbations. A major contributor to these advances is Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) technology and its implementation with accurate mass measurements on cross-linked peptide-pair precursor and fragment ions to enable improved identification methods.

Leveraging the Entirety of the Protein Data Bank to Enable Improved Structure Prediction Based on Cross-Link Data.

XLinkDB is a fast-expanding public database now storing more than 100 000 distinct identified cross-linked protein residue pairs acquired by chemical cross-linking with mass spectrometry from samples of 12 species (, (2), 753-758). Mapping identified cross-links to protein structures, when available, provides valuable guidance on protein conformations detected in the cross-linked samples. As more and more structures become available in the Protein Data Bank (, (1), 235-242), we sought to leverage their utility for cross-link studies by automatically mapping identified cross-links to structures based on sequence homology of the cross-linked proteins with those within structures.

Isobaric Quantitative Protein Interaction Reporter Technology for Comparative Interactome Studies.

Chemical cross-linking with mass spectrometry (XL-MS) has emerged as a useful tool for the large-scale study of protein structures and interactions from complex biological samples including intact cells and tissues. Quantitative XL-MS (qXL-MS) provides unique information on protein conformational and interaction changes resulting from perturbations such as drug treatment and disease state. Previous qXL-MS studies relied on the incorporation of stable isotopes into the cross-linker (primarily deuterium) or metabolic labeling with SILAC.