Behavioral and motor improvement after deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus externus in a case of Tourette's syndrome.

Objectives: The objective of our paper is to show the partial decrease of therapeutic effect with battery exhaustion in a previously successfully treated patient with refractory Tourette's syndrome (TS).

Materials And Methods: We present a 47-year-old patient diagnosed with TS based on the TS Study Group Criteria and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Surgery was considered based on refractoriness to conservative management.

Lateral cord stimulation decreases spastic electromyographic spreading: responses in a brain-damaged pig preparation.

Objective.  The aim of our work was to investigate whether lateral stimulation of the spinal cord, lateral cord stimulation (LCS), results in inhibition of the spastic phenomena of upper motor lesions in an animal model. Methods.

New animal model to mimic spastic cerebral palsy: the brain-damaged pig preparation.

Objective.  Classically, a decerebrated animal by mesencephalic lesioning is considered the paradigm for experimental study of spasticity that accompanies cerebral palsy, but, the model does not actually correspond with anatomical and pathologic realities. Therefore, a new and novel animal model is needed.