Fast relocking and afterslip-seismicity evolution following the 2015 Mw 8.3 Illapel earthquake in Chile.

Large subduction earthquakes induce complex postseismic deformation, primarily driven by afterslip and viscoelastic relaxation, in addition to interplate relocking processes. However, these signals are intricately intertwined, posing challenges in determining the timing and nature of relocking. Here, we use six years of continuous GNSS measurements (2015-2021) to study the spatiotemporal evolution of afterslip, seismicity and locking after the 2015 Illapel earthquake ([Formula: see text] 8.

Months-long thousand-kilometre-scale wobbling before great subduction earthquakes.

Megathrust earthquakes are responsible for some of the most devastating natural disasters. To better understand the physical mechanisms of earthquake generation, subduction zones worldwide are continuously monitored with geophysical instrumentation. One key strategy is to install stations that record signals from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), enabling us to track the non-steady surface motion of the subducting and overriding plates before, during and after the largest events.

Illuminating subduction zone rheological properties in the wake of a giant earthquake.

Deformation associated with plate convergence at subduction zones is accommodated by a complex system involving fault slip and viscoelastic flow. These processes have proven difficult to disentangle. The 2010 8.

Earthquake segmentation in northern Chile correlates with curved plate geometry.

We performed an integrated analysis of the coseismic slip, afterslip and aftershock activity of the 2014 M 8.1 Pisagua earthquake. This earthquake seems to be spatially located between two major historical earthquakes, the 1868 M 8.

Back to full interseismic plate locking decades after the giant 1960 Chile earthquake.

Great megathrust earthquakes arise from the sudden release of energy accumulated during centuries of interseismic plate convergence. The moment deficit (energy available for future earthquakes) is commonly inferred by integrating the rate of interseismic plate locking over the time since the previous great earthquake. But accurate integration requires knowledge of how interseismic plate locking changes decades after earthquakes, measurements not available for most great earthquakes.

Calibrating coseismic coastal land-level changes during the 2014 Iquique (Mw=8.2) earthquake (northern Chile) with leveling, GPS and intertidal biota.

The April 1st 2014 Iquique earthquake (MW 8.1) occurred along the northern Chile margin where the Nazca plate is subducted below the South American continent. The last great megathrust earthquake here, in 1877 of Mw ~8.

Embryonic cerebral cortex cells retain CNS phenotypes after transplantation into peripheral nerve.

Differentiation of stem cells depends on environmental cues. In this study, acutely dissociated or expanded cells derived from embryonic day 14 (E14) rat cerebral cortex were transplanted into the distal tibial nerve stump of adult Fischer rats to determine whether a peripheral nervous system (PNS) environment would influence cell differentiation. Acutely dissociated cells, which included neural precursors and post-mitotic neurons, were transplanted immediately after harvest.

Mixed trehalose/sucrose glasses used for protein incorporation as studied by infrared and optical spectroscopy.

Evaporation of water from a 1/1 mixture of trehalose and sucrose gives rise to optically clear glasses that are transparent in the UV and visible ranges and do not crystallize when they are prepared at ambient temperatures. Two proteins, liver alcohol dehydrogenase and parvalbumin, and the tryptophan derivative N-acetyl-tryptophanamide were incorporated into the glasses. Infrared spectroscopy of the amide I band reveals that the proteins retain secondary structure in the glass over a temperature range of 20-300K.