Polysocial risk score and depressive symptoms of college students in a northwest Chinese city: The mediating role of resilience.

Background: Limited data exists on the association between social factors and depressive symptoms (DS) among college students. This study aimed to investigate associations between polysocial risk score (PsRS) and the mediating effects of resilience.

Methods: A total of 1234 college students were selected from three universities in Ningxia, China, by stratified cluster sampling.

Mitochondrial metabolic maturation in postnatal right ventricle restricted by volume overload.

Right ventricular volume overload (RVVO) is a common hemodynamic abnormality in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and frequently leads to pathological cardiac remodeling. Our previous research demonstrated that RVVO disrupts the metabolic maturation of cardiomyocytes. Mitochondrial metabolic maturation, a crucial process in postnatal cardiomyocyte development, remains poorly understood under RVVO conditions.

Mapping global yields of four major crops at 5-minute resolution from 1982 to 2015 using multi-source data and machine learning.

Accurate, historical, and continuous global crop yield data are essential for assessing risks to the global food system. However, existing datasets often have limited spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we introduce GlobalCropYield5min, a novel gridded dataset providing crop yield data for major crops - including maize, rice, wheat, and soybean - from 1982 to 2015, with a spatial resolution of 5 arc-minutes.

Clinicopathological Features of Diffuse Hemispheric Glioma, H3G34-Mutant.

Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations, radiographic features, and pathological characteristics of three cases of diffuse hemispheric gliomas, H3G34-mutant (H3G34 DHG).

Methods: This study used a single-center retrospective cohort approach to analyze 45 pediatric-type diffuse high-grade glioma cases.

Results: Histologically, case 1 and case 2 had glioblastoma structures, and case 3 had primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) morphology with ganglion cell differentiation.

Characterization and functional analysis of CONSTANS-like 3 involved in photoperiodic flowering of Gossypium hirsutum.

The CONSTANS-like (COL) family plays a pivotal role in regulating plant photoperiodic flowering pathways. Although several COLs have been characterized in Arabidopsis, their functions in cotton lack clarity. Here, GhCOL3, a gene of the COL family in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), was cloned and characterized.

HSP27/IL-6 axis promotes OSCC chemoresistance, invasion and migration by orchestrating macrophages via a positive feedback loop.

Novel strategies to disrupt tumor progression have emerged from studying the interactions between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). However, the molecular mechanisms of interactions between tumor cells and TAMs underlying oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression have not been fully elucidated. This study explored the molecular mechanism of the HSP27/IL-6 axis in OSCC chemoresistance, invasion, and migration.

Sacubitril/Valsartan for Blood Pressure Lowering in Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 3-5 Patients With Hypertension: A Multicenter Clinical Study.

To assess the effectiveness and safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan in reducing blood pressure in individuals with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) Stage 3-5 complicated by hypertension. This study was a multicenter retrospective analysis conducted from March 1, 2022 to March 31, 2024, involving adult patients with NDD-CKD Stage 3-5 and hypertension, who received Sacubitril/Valsartan either as a monotherapy or in addition to current antihypertensive treatments that were insufficient. The main outcomes measured were blood pressure control, changes in blood pressure and laboratory parameters within 8 weeks post-treatment initiation, and incidence of adverse events.

Investigation of unfavorable prognostic factors for survival in Chinese patients with gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) was very rare in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Most GISTs were asymptomatic at early stage. Therefore, it was of great significance to explore the prognostic factors of patients with GIST.

Advances in Research of Hydrogel Microneedle-Based Delivery Systems for Disease Treatment.

Microneedles (MNs), composed of multiple micron-scale needle-like structures attached to a base, offer a minimally invasive approach for transdermal drug delivery by penetrating the stratum corneum and delivering therapeutic agents directly to the epidermis or dermis. Hydrogel microneedles (HMNs) stand out among various MN types due to their excellent biocompatibility, high drug-loading capacity, and tunable drug-release properties. This review systematically examines the matrix materials and fabrication methods of HMN systems, highlighting advancements in natural and synthetic polymers, and explores their applications in treating conditions such as wound healing, hair loss, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.

A Novel MZI Fiber Sensor with Enhanced Curvature and Strain Sensitivity Based on Four-Core Fiber.

We present a high-sensitivity curvature and strain Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) fiber sensor based on a configuration of no-core fiber (NCF) and four-core fiber (FCF). We used an optical fiber fusion splicer to directly splice a segment of FCF between two segments of NCF, with both the FCF and NCF made of SiO, where the FCF exhibits multi-path interference characteristics that allow for higher sensitivity. The NCF, with its self-focusing property, excites higher-order modes, which split and transmit it into the four cores of the FCF.

Deep learning-based automated tool for diagnosing diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes, and its early identification is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) can non-invasively detect changes in corneal nerve fibers (CNFs), making it a potential tool for the early diagnosis of DPN. However, the existing CNF analysis methods have certain limitations, highlighting the need to develop a reliable automated analysis tool.

Licorice and dried ginger decoction inhibits inflammation and alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by targeting siglec-1.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease. Licorice and dried ginger decoction (LGD) is traditional Chinese medicine prescription with multiple effects. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is the main bioactive components of LGD, which has been proven to have a relieving effect on various inflammatory diseases.

Animal models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review.

Objective: Experimental animal models have been used for decades to study the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is a lack of methods for constructing animal models of COPD for optimal modelling. This systematic literature review (SLR) aimed to assess the various methods used to establish COPD animal models, highlight their advantages and limitations, and explore more optimized approaches for establishing such models.

Screening and Predictive Biomarkers for Down Syndrome Through Amniotic Fluid Metabolomics.

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is a congenital disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of all or part of chromosome 21. It is characterized by significant intellectual disability, distinct facial features, and growth and developmental challenges. The utilization of metabolomics to analyze specific metabolic markers in maternal amniotic fluid may provide innovative tools and screening methods for investigating the early pathophysiology of trisomy 21 at the functional level.

Corrigendum: Effectiveness, safety, and treatment pattern of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in Chinese patients with hyperkalemia: interim analysis from a multicenter, prospective, real-world study (Actualize Study).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

All-fiber tunable mode converter for a mini-two-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

In this Letter, an all-fiber tunable mode converter for a mini-two-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MTA-MZI) is proposed and realized for the first time to our knowledge. Employing an electric arc discharge technology, we couple a multi-mode fiber (MMF) and a single-mode fiber (SMF), resulting in an MZI characterized by centimeter-scale arms. The varied sensitivity of fiber modes to curvature makes the high-order modes of the MMF more prone to leakage when subjected to bending, leading to alterations in the output interference fringe pattern of the MZI.

High-Sensitivity Curvature Fiber Sensor Based on Miniature Two-Path Mach-Zehnder Interferometer.

This paper introduces a new high-sensitivity curvature fiber sensor based on a miniature two-path Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MTP-MZI). The sensor is fabricated by coupling and fusing the multimode fiber (MMF) with the single-mode fiber (SMF) using arc fusion technology (AFT), resulting in a centimeter-level two-path MZI structure. The sensor represents an innovative approach to MZI coupling technology, which reduces device size, simplifies manufacturing, and lowers costs.

Effectiveness, safety, and treatment pattern of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in Chinese patients with hyperkalemia: interim analysis from a multicenter, prospective, real-world study (Actualize Study).

Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) is a nonabsorbed cation-exchanger approved in China for the treatment of hyperkalemia [HK; serum potassium (sK) levels >5.0 mmol/L]. This is the first real-world study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety, and treatment patterns of SZC in Chinese patients with HK.

External auditory canal cholesteatoma in children: clinical manifestations.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) among children and to describe its radiological findings on high-resolution computed tomography (CT) of the temporal bone in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy of primary EACC.

Methods: The clinical records and CT imaging features of 44 patients who were diagnosed with EACC between January 2017 and May 2022 at Shenzhen Children's Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical features, including external auditory canal wall findings, hearing damage, symptoms and physical examination findings, were analysed against the level of lesion involvement.

Clinical efficacy and safety of flexible ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy for large kidney stones: A retrospective comparative study.

Background: Renal stones ranging 20-40 mm are very common in China. Although no large-sample clinical studies have confirmed the clinical efficacy and safety of this method, there is also a lack of comparative data with traditional treatment.

Aim: To investigate the clinical efficacy of flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) by postoperative stone clearance and changes in soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) levels in patients with large kidney stones (> 2 cm in diameter).

PROTOCOL: Effectiveness of behavioral interventions for smoking cessation among homeless persons: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This is the protocol for an updated Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the effect of behavioral interventions on smoking cessation among homeless individuals.