Alpha-Lipoic Acid-Mediated Inhibition of LTB Synthesis Suppresses Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Modulating Functional and Tumorigenic Capacities in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells.

Background: Leukotriene B (LTB) plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process associated with tumor progression. The synthesis of LTB is mediated by leukotriene A hydrolase (LTAH), and it binds to the receptors BLT and BLT. Dysregulation in LTB production is linked to the development of various pathologies.

Effectiveness of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in children and adolescents: a large-scale observational study.

Background: Policymakers urgently need evidence to adequately balance the costs and benefits of mass vaccination against COVID-19 across all age groups, including children and adolescents. In this study, we aim to assess the effectiveness of CoronaVac's primary series among children and adolescents in Chile.

Methods: We used a large prospective national cohort of about two million children and adolescents 6-16 years to estimate the effectiveness of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) in preventing laboratory-confirmed symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), hospitalisation, and admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) associated with COVID-19.

Metal Exposure in Arica, Chile: Examining Toxic Elements.

Background: Bioaccumulation of toxic metals in the population is associated with adverse health effects. Although some elements are essential for humans, high levels of exposure can be dangerous.

Objective: To describe the levels of Inorganic Arsenic (AsIn), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), and Mercury (Hg) in urine, and Lead (Pb) in blood in the population of Arica, Chile.

Effectiveness of CoronaVac in children 3-5 years of age during the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron outbreak in Chile.

The outbreak of the B.1.1.

Effectiveness of homologous and heterologous booster doses for an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine: a large-scale prospective cohort study.

Background: Several countries have authorised or begun using a booster vaccine dose against COVID-19. Policy makers urgently need evidence of the effectiveness of additional vaccine doses and its clinical spectrum for individuals with complete primary immunisation schedules, particularly in countries where the primary schedule used inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Methods: Using individual-level data, we evaluated a prospective, observational, national-level cohort of individuals (aged ≥16 years) affiliated with the Fondo Nacional de Salud insurance programme in Chile, to assess the effectiveness of CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech), AZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca), or BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine boosters in individuals who had completed a primary immunisation schedule with CoronaVac, compared with unvaccinated individuals.

[Urinary heavy metals and blood lead levels among residents of Antofagasta, Chile].

Background: The presence of toxic metals in human populations is strongly associated with chronic diseases.

Aim: To determine levels of lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury and inorganic arsenic (AsIn) in the general population aged over 5 years in Antofagasta, Chile.

Material And Methods: People living in Urban Antofagasta for at least five years were considered eligible.

[Popular names and classification of illicit drugs commonly used in Chile].

Background The consumption of illicit drugs in Chile has increased over the years generating abuse and dependence problems and becoming a public health problem. Aim To build and disseminate a figure in which health personnel can quickly visualize illicit drugs and their common names, and thus be able to associate them with the effects and risks that are expected in the patient. Material and Methods A bibliographic review and compilation of information obtained from dealers and drug abusers.

[Severe hyponatremia secondary to Phyllomedusa bicolor (Kambó frog) poisoning. Report of one case].

Phyllomedusa bicolor or Kambo is a frog that lives in the Amazon rainforest. It can release through its skin a substance used in healing rituals that are common among South-American tribes, as well as in urban people of America and Europe. We report a 41-year-old female patient who, during a healing ritual consumed ayahuasca (a drink obtained from the mixture of Banisteriopsis caapi, Psychotria viridis and Mimosa hostilis) and 12 hours later received the poison of Kambo Frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) on superficial right shoulder skin burns.

Health literacy and health-related quality of life in patients with anorectal malformations: A comparison between a charity hospital in Honduras and a tertiary care center in the United States.

Background/purpose: We conduct an annual medical mission to Hospital Ruth Paz para Niños Quemados y Cirugía Pediátrica in Honduras to operate on cases of anorectal malformations (ARM). To improve our knowledge of these patients, we compared their health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and the health literacy of their caregivers from this hospital and ours in the United States.

Methods: The BRIEF Health Literacy Screen (BHLS) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.

[Characterization of pesticide exposures reported between 2006 and 2013 to a poison information center in Chile].

Background: Pesticides are widely used to increase crop yields and vector control. However, both acute and chronic exposure have health consequences. There is paucity of information about the global occurrence of pesticide poisonings.

[Exposure to occupational biological risks: experience of a toxicology information center].

Background: Exposure to Biological Agents during work is an emergent type of occupational risk.

Aim: To characterize occupational biological risk exposure among Chilean workers which have been registered by the Toxicology Information Center, between January 2006 and December 2009.

Material And Methods: All incoming calls reporting exposure to biological agents during the studied period were analyzed.

[Characterization of paracetamol overdose: report of a poison information center in Chile].

Background: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is an analgesic and antipyretic drug widely used across the world. Its ingestion is one of the most common causes of drug overdose. In the United States is the first cause of acute hepatitis in adults.

A magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic dilemma: diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma versus Coats' disease.

A 6-year-old boy presented with neovascular glaucoma secondary to total retinal detachment. Magnetic resonance imaging findings suggested diffuse infiltrating retinoblastoma. Enucleation was subsequently performed and led to a final histopathological diagnosis of advanced Coats' disease.

[The relevance of environmental health and the scope of pediatric environmental health specialty units].

In the last decades there has been an important decrease in infant mobidity and mortality, but these achievements are not equally distributed across the whole population. Children are one of the most susceptible groups due to their unique vulnerabilities to environmental factors. Unhealthy environments, indoor pollution, poor drainage, inadequate waste disposal, and many others, are significant environmental risk factors to children.

A recidivant primary cardiac osteosarcoma: the role of bone scans.

Primary cardiac tumors are infrequent, less than 15-20% are malignant, and most of them are sarcomas. Primary recidivant cardiac osteosarcomas are extremely rare, only a few cases have been reported, and the prognosis is ominous. We report a case of a primary cardiac osteosarcoma in a 70-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital for evaluation of congestive heart failure.

[Prevalence and epidemiology of Loxosceles laeta bite. Analysis of consultations to a poison control center].

Background: Loxoscelism is caused by the bite of spider Loxosceles laeta. It can cause a cutaneous or systemic syndrome.

Aim: To determine the epidemiológica! and clinical features of patients bitten by the Chilean recluse spider (Loxosceles laeta).

Acute respiratory distress syndrome resulting from inhalation of powdered copper.

Background: Copper is an essential element. Poisoning with elemental copper is infrequent and manifestations rarely include the ones that our case presented.

Case Report: A previously healthy 2-year-old female patient unintentionally inhaled copper dust, developed respiratory failure a few hours later, and required mechanical ventilation.

Ecotoxicological evaluation of the additive butylated hydroxyanisole using a battery with six model systems and eighteen endpoints.

The occurrence and fate of additives in the aquatic environment is an emerging issue in environmental chemistry. This paper describes the ecotoxicological effects of the commonly used additive butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) using a test battery, comprising of several different organisms and in vitro test systems, representing a proportion of the different trophic levels. The most sensitive system to BHA was the inhibition of bioluminescence in Vibrio fischeri bacteria, which resulted in an acute low observed adverse effect concentration (LOAEC) of 0.

Analysis of 156 cases of plant intoxication received in the Toxicologic Information Center at Catholic University of Chile.

We present a retrospective analysis of plant and mushroom ingestions reported to the Toxicologic Information Center at the Catholic University of Chile. All the phone calls of plant and mushroom intoxications received from January 1998 through June 2000, were classified according to agent, clinical presentation, affected age group, origin of the phone call, and time from exposure to the toxic agent. Of 36,580 consultations received, 156 were intoxications with plants or mushrooms, and 53.