Optimizing Engagement: Factors Influencing Family Participation in a Positive Parenting Program among Vulnerable Households with Young Children.

This paper addresses a critical gap in family research by examining the risk of families with young children receiving the Minimum Living Income (MLI) in rejecting targeted social interventions, also known as non-take-up (NTU). We analyze recruting process data from the first invitation to participate in a social benefit including the "Growing Happily in the Family-2" program developed in Madrid, Spain, to their written consent prior to its implementation. Measurements of subjective factors reported as reasons for NTU and objective factors of sociodemographic characteristics and detailed household patterns of prior engagement with social services to study NTU response were based on official records and project data.

Professionals' digital competences and user profiles in social agencies and their impact on professional practice, family autonomy and wellbeing.

Introduction: The health crisis of the last 3 years has revealed the weaknesses of the child and family support system based on the professional use of digital resources in social agencies. This study addresses three aims: to examine the level of professional digital competence; to analyze the user profiles in a variety of digital resources; and to test the impact of level of competences and user profiles on four aspects: professional practice, family satisfaction with the services, child and family wellbeing, and family autonomy in the exercise of the parenting role.

Methods: Participants were 148 practitioners from social agencies who voluntarily responded to an online survey with 47 questions.

An Integrated Pump-Controlled Variable Coupler Fabricated by Ultrafast Laser Writing.

The design and fabrication of a integrated symmetric directional coupler dependent o the pumping power and operating at a 1534 nm wavelength is reported. The twin-core waveguide was inscribed into Er/Yb co-doped phosphate glass by a femtosecond laser direct writing technique. By optical pumping, the coupling ratio can be modulated due to the changes induced in the refractive index of the material.

The unstudied effects of wording and answer formats in the analysis of impartiality in public service provision.

Impartiality in public services provision is an important dimension that explains the quality of government (QoG). The analysis of impartiality has boomed in recent years at different territorial levels, like countries or regions. The impartiality measures depend on several attributes that are aggregated using different methods.

A comparison of attitudes towards immigrants from the perspective of the political party vote.

Many reasons have shaped immigration into the EU over the past decade. Since then, attitudes towards immigration have not only gained public attention but have also shaped political debate and discourse in recent regional, national, and EU elections. The global financial crisis of 2008 increased the importance of migration in the social welfare upheaval in most Member States.

Propagation Losses Estimation in a Cationic-Network-Based Hydrogel Waveguide.

A method based on the photographic recording of the power distribution laterally diffused by cationic-network (CN) hydrogel waveguides is first checked against the well-established cut-back method and then used to determine the different contributions to optical power attenuation along the hydrogel-based waveguide. Absorption and scattering loss coefficients are determined for 450 nm, 532 nm and 633 nm excitation. The excellent optical loss values obtained (0.

Contribution to the Improvement of the Correlation Filter Method for Modal Analysis with a Spatial Light Modulator.

Modal decomposition of light is essential to study its propagation properties in waveguides and photonic devices. Modal analysis can be carried out by implementing a computer-generated hologram acting as a match filter in a spatial light modulator. In this work, a series of aspects to be taken into account in order to get the most out of this method are presented, aiming to provide useful operational procedures.

How to detect hospitals where quality would not be jeopardized by health cost savings? A methodological approach using DEA with SBM analysis.

Background: In Spain the health care cuts have been the norm after the international economic crisis. The aim of this study is fourfold: (1) to measure hospital performance analysing two different perspectives: technical efficiency and quality; (2) to determine how technically efficient hospitals operate when faced with undesirable production; (3) to determine whether a potential trade-off between efficiency and quality exists or not; and (4) to propose a methodology to detect which hospitals could reduce their running costs without jeopardizing the quality of the services provided. Budget cutbacks imposed in Spain should focus solely on these hospitals, unless an increase in undesirable production is considered acceptable.

Lessons from the Criticality of the Spanish High Capacity Road Network on Direct, Representative Democracies and Technocracies.

Unlabelled: This paper aims to shed some light on an issue that has not been analyzed enough in previous studies on complex transportation networks. The financial crisis and disrupting events like the COVID-19 pandemic episode are affecting how governments make crucial decisions regarding policymaking paying more attention to experts' opinions. The impacts of disruptive events that could affect each road section will be analyzed using the criticality of the high capacity road network in Spain under different policymaking scenarios, such as direct democracy based on pure provincial decentralization (federal or cantonal vision), representative democracy in which decisions are taken by the National Parliament, and the governance based on technocracy stimulated by 'what matters is what works' (Southern , (4), 264-271, 2001) using an Evidence-Based Policy Making (EBPM) case study based on a Data Envelopment Analysis applied to four accessibility indicators.

Comparing infant and toddler sleep patterns prior to and during the first wave of home confinement due to COVID-19 in Spain.

Unlabelled: Recent literature has shown that sleep patterns are shaped during the first years of life, playing a relevant role in children's functioning. We focused on comparing sleep patterns in infants and toddlers in Spain before and during COVID-19 home confinement to assess the immediate impact on sleep patterns. We compared data from two cross-sectional surveys from parents of 1658 children three to 36 months of age from Spain.

Does Self-Myofascial Release Cause a Remote Hamstring Stretching Effect Based on Myofascial Chains? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The hamstring muscles are described as forming part of myofascial chains or meridians, and the superficial back line (SBL) is one such chain. Good hamstring flexibility is fundamental to sporting performance and is associated with prevention of injuries of these muscles. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of self-myofascial release (SMR) on hamstring flexibility and determine which segment of the SBL resulted in the greatest increase in flexibility.

Analysis of the main determinants of away-from-home consumption of fishery and aquaculture products in the EU28.

The European Union (EU) is the largest market in nominal terms for fishery and aquaculture products (FAPs), partly due to the away-from-home consumption of these products in restaurants and food outlets. In view of this, it is necessary to identify the main determinants of the away-from-home consumption patterns in order to propose strategies that could increase the consumption of FAPs. Following this, ordered probit models were estimated alongside their marginal effects to identify the most relevant factors determining the frequency of away-from-home consumption of FAPs in the EU28, using a representative sample of 27732 EU residents.

A Best-Worst Measure of Attitudes toward Buying Seabream and Seabass Products: An Application to the Island of Gran Canaria.

Attitudes are important key drivers that affect consumers' seafood consumption. The present investigation used a best-worst scaling approach to measure the level of importance and satisfaction of consumers' attitudes towards the purchase of seabream and seabass in Gran Canaria (Spain). The investigation also compared the results of the best-worst scaling (BWS) approach with those of the traditional Likert-scale method and offers a different perspective of the results using an Importance-Satisfaction Analysis (ISA).

Nature of Cardiac Rehabilitation Around the Globe.

Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a clinically-effective but complex model of care. The purpose of this study was to characterize the nature of CR programs around the world, in relation to guideline recommendations, and compare this by World Health Organization (WHO) region.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a piloted survey was administered online to CR programs globally.

A body of knowledge representation model of ecotourism products in southeastern Ecuador.

The corpus of knowledge or Bodies of Knowledge (BOK) term it used to describe a set of structures than codify all concept, terms, techniques, and sustainable activities that constitute the domain of the exercise of a profession or specific area of knowledge in our case in Ecotourism context. Ecotourism combines passion for travel with the interest in the preservation of nature and it is related to concepts of sustainability, conservation and participation of the local community, this term has been used to promote tourism activities in the natural environment and attract tourists interested in nature and culture of places to visit. In the Amazon rainforest ecotourism is an activity that contributes both to the awareness of travelers and the communities, in addition to income generated by this activity helps to preserve this heritage.

Effectiveness of low-frequency electrical stimulation in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques in healthy males: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Hamstring muscle injuries are common in the sports field, with lack of hamstring flexibility being a risk factor. Stretching the hamstring muscles is an important part of the training and rehabilitation programs used to prevent or treat injury and improve performance. We aim to compare the immediate and follow-up effect on hamstring muscle flexibility between 2 different stretching protocols, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching and PNF stretching combined with electrostimulation.

Optical bistability via an external control field in all-fiber ring cavity.

We demonstrate a new scheme for realizing the Optical Bistability (OB) inside an all-fiber ring cavity with an external control field. In the absence of the external control field, the pump power is fixed below the threshold value of laser, and there is no laser in the cavity. However, when the control signal of 1505 nm to 1520 nm is injected into the cavity, laser begins to oscillate and OB appears.

A study of the dissociative recombination of CaO with electrons: Implications for Ca chemistry in the upper atmosphere.

The dissociative recombination of CaO ions with electrons has been studied in a flowing afterglow reactor. CaO was generated by the pulsed laser ablation of a Ca target, followed by entrainment in an Ar ion/electron plasma. A kinetic model describing the gas-phase chemistry and diffusion to the reactor walls was fitted to the experimental data, yielding a rate coefficient of (3.

Encoding by control of the symbolic dynamics emitted by a chaotic laser.

Application to a chaotic erbium-doped fiber laser of the digital encoding technique by control of its emitted symbolic dynamics is numerically tested. Criteria to select the better working conditions and the perturbation to be introduced in any control parameter are proposed. Once they are chosen, the procedure to prepare the system for control and the way to carry it out are described.

Validating the physical model of a chaotic system by topological analysis.

Topological analysis is employed for the first time to our knowledge as a method of validation for a physical model describing a chaotic system. Topological analysis theory provides both a way to characterize the topological structure of chaotic attractors by means of a set of integer numbers and a method to obtain this set departing from a time series generated by the chaotic system. The validation method proposed here consists of comparing the topological structure of chaotic attractors obtained from time series generated on the one hand by an experimental system and on the other hand by the numerical model under test.

Monitoring the cluster of high-risk mortality areas in the southwest of Spain.

Inspired by a previous study showing a striking geographical mortality clustering, not attributable to chance, in the south-western region of Spain in 1987-1995, the authors have conducted an ecological study of time trends in all-cause mortality risk between 1987-1995 and 1996-2004 in 2,218 small areas of Spain. To identify high-risk areas, age-adjusted relative risks for each area, stratified by sex and time period, were computed using a Bayesian approach. Areas of high-risk in both periods, or in the second period only, were identified.

The strategy of combining antidepressants in the treatment of major depression: clinical experience in spanish outpatients.

Introduction. The combination of antidepressants is a useful tool in the treatment of major depression, especially in cases where there is a partial response to antidepressant monotherapy. However, the use of this strategy is a matter of controversy, and its frequency of use in clinical practice is not clear.