Universal health coverage and capital accumulation: a relationship unveiled by the critical political economy approach.

Objectives: To analyze the fundamentals of the global health agenda from 1944 to 2018, especially regarding Universal Health Coverage, in order to unveil its relations with capital accumulation in health services and to contribute to world social mobilization to change this tendency.

Methods: A historical study was carried out based on a purposeful selection of primary sources on the global health agenda from multilateral organizations and secondary sources about the changes of capitalism from the study period.

Results: The global health agenda changed from the state responsibility for health to an insurance healthcare system based on markets.

[Thinking about the social determination of the health-disease process].

This article presents an epistemological discussion that underlies the proposal of social determination of the health-disease process, framing this discussion in the history of the current of thought known as Latin American Social Medicine, and analyzing the way in which this current approaches the study of health-disease processes in contemporary societies. To this end, a brief historical framework is elaborated, and the epistemological implications of the concept of social determination of the health-disease process are analyzed. Finally, three examples illustrate how the ideas about determination in the concrete study of reality are applied.

[Conceptual differences and praxiological implications concerning social determination or social determinants].

The differences between the social determination of health approach adopted by the Latin-American Social Medicine and Collective Health movement and the WHO's social determinants of health approach are not merely conceptual but involve ethical and political considerations. Different notions of causality and risk are implied in the aforementioned approaches and shape how concepts regarding health-illness and health inequity are understood and how they may be confronted. This article attempts to clarify the praxiological implications of such approaches and contextualise the approaches' socio-historical construction, address epistemological, methodological and ontological differences and propose some considerations regarding the praxiological implications.

[Ways of evaluating Latin-American initiatives for promoting breastfeeding].

This work has analyzed the different methods used since the 1990s for evaluating initiatives aimed at promoting breastfeeding in Latin-America. A review was made of the pertinent literature using a protocol based on researching, selecting and analyzing different ways of making such evaluation. Fifty-eight evaluations were selected for study and comparison.

[Rethinking how health is promoted in the Colombian general health-related social security system (Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud)].

This article takes stock of how promoting health (PH) (promoción de la salud - PS) has been understood within an international setting and gives three meanings for promotion: as general policy orientation, as a set of actions and as a special dimension of sanitary work. Interest expressed in giving it a specific basis distinguishing it from prevention, transcending educational work, has emerged from the subtle differences established from such different ways of coming to terms with PH. After recognising the challenge posed by PH in the field of health, the text succinctly describes how discourse regarding PH has been introduced in Colombia and discusses how an attempt has been made to be more precise regarding its place in the general health-related social security system.