We describe a new species of the genus Liotyphlops from the Caribbean coast of Honduras in Nuclear Mesoamerica, a genus previously known only from Isthmian Mesoamerica and northern, central, and eastern South America. Our description is based on a single specimen found by chance. The new species differs from other congeners by unique combination of external morphological characteristics, specifically by the presence of three scales on the first vertical row of the dorsals, three supralabial scales, 425 dorsal scales, and dorsals in 22 series of uniformly pigmented scales across the body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmphibians are one of the most species-rich vertebrate taxa, with diverse and complex reproductive behaviors. Even though mate recognition plays a vital role in reproductive success, unusual amplexus with non-suitable mates (misdirected amplexus) have been reported to occur in the wild. Misdirected amplexus may decrease fitness, thus likely having ecological and evolutionary consequences and their frequency might increase with human-induced changes in habitat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany ectotherms have the ability to voluntarily detach a body part, known as autotomy, usually in response to predator attacks. Autotomy can have an immediate benefit for survival, but it can also involve costs related to the individual's body condition. Even though the effects of autotomy have been studied in many ecophysiological aspects, its short-term costs on the ability to tolerate high environmental temperatures are still unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmphibians and reptiles are ectothermic animals and therefore depend on environmental temperatures to maintain their physiological functions. Despite being poorly documented, data on thermal behavioral thresholds to avoid overheating in their habitats are essential to improve the understanding of their thermal ecology and physiology. Here we provide a data set of 312 individual voluntary thermal maximum (VT ) values, the maximum temperature tolerated by individuals before actively moving to a colder place, for 53 species of amphibians and reptiles of the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado savannas of southeastern South America.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol
February 2021
Ectotherms depend on temperature to maintain their physiological functions and through behavioral changes, they can avoid overheating in their habitats. The voluntary thermal maximum (VT ) represents the maximum temperature tolerated by individuals before actively moving to a colder place. However, if and how VT might change after capture and in captivity remains understudied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironmental temperatures are a major constraint on ectotherm abundance, influencing their distribution and natural history. Comparing thermal tolerances with environmental temperatures is a simple way to estimate thermal constraints on species distributions. We investigate the potential effects of behavioral thermal tolerance (i.
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