A Set of Multiresistant Isolates of Subtype ST-1 with a Variable Susceptibility to Quinolones Are Also Circulating in Spain.

() is one of the worldwide most important infectious agents involved in respiratory complex diseases (RCD). In Spain, the endemic presence of subtypes ST-2 and ST-3 with phenotypic differences linked to their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones opened the way to develop control strategies focused on previous diagnosis of the subtype and the use of directed therapies when were involved in RCD. Surprisingly, microbiological studies conducted during 2023 evidenced for the first time the presence of Spanish isolates of a new -subtype, previously classified as ST-1, recovered from calves with respiratory symptoms and pneumonia in different areas of the country ( = 16).

Antibacterial potential of commercial and wild lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from ovine and caprine raw milk against .

Introduction: The complexity of fighting contagious agalactia (CA) has raised the necessity of alternative antimicrobial therapies, such as probiotics. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are present in the mammary gland of small ruminants and their antimicrobial effect have been previously described against species like but never against (Ma). This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Ma of ovine and caprine LAB strains and a human commercial probiotic (L2) of spp.

RustOnt: An Ontology to Explain Weather Favorable Conditions of the Coffee Rust.

Crop disease management in smart agriculture involves applying and using new technologies to reduce the impact of diseases on the quality of products. Coffee rust is a disease that factors such as poor agronomic management activities and climate conditions may favor. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the relationships between these factors and this disease to learn how to face its consequences and build intelligent systems to provide appropriate management or help farmers and experts make decisions accordingly.

Susceptibility of caprine mastitis pathogens to tildipirosin, gamithromycin, oxytetracycline, and danofloxacin: effect of serum on the in vitro potency of current macrolides.

Mastitis is a significant disease in dairy ruminants, causing economic losses to the livestock industry and severe risks to public health. Antibiotic therapy is one of the most crucial practices to treat mastitis, although the susceptibility of caprine mastitis pathogens to current antibiotics has not been tested under standard or modified incubation conditions. This work evaluated the in vitro activity of tildipirosin, gamithromycin, oxytetracycline, and danofloxacin against caprine mastitis pathogens incubated following standard conditions of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and deviation method by 25% supplementation with goat serum.

[In the beginning it was zoonosis: One Health to combat this and future pandemics. SESPAS Report 2022].

The new pandemic, COVID-19, highlighted the importance of the animal-human-environment interface in the emergence of zoonoses. The jump of the species barrier is considered a rare event although the number of emerging infectious diseases increased significantly in the second half of the 20th century. Most of them transmitted from wildlife to humans.

An Adaptive Sampling Period Approach for Management of IoT Energy Consumption: Case Study Approach.

The Internet of Things (IoT) opens opportunities to monitor, optimize, and automate processes into the Agricultural Value Chains (AVC). However, challenges remain in terms of energy consumption. In this paper, we assessed the impact of environmental variables in AVC based on the most influential variables.

Blockchain-IoT Sensor (BIoTS): A Solution to IoT-Ecosystems Security Issues.

Sensor devices that act in the IoT architecture perception layer are characterized by low data processing and storage capacity. These reduced capabilities make the system ubiquitous and lightweight, but considerably reduce its security. The IoT-based Food Traceability Systems (FTS), aimed at ensuring food safety and quality, serve as a motivating scenario for BIoTS development and deployment; therefore, security challenges and gaps related with data integrity are analyzed from this perspective.

[Occupational exposure to influenza virus of the wild birds].

Wild waterfowl are considered the main natural reservoir of influenza viruses and they have contributed to the reassortment of both pandemic viruses and viruses responsible for outbreaks of avian influenza in wild and domestic species. In order to determinate the factors involved, we reviewed the human cases of avian influenza related to the management of wild birds, the use of personal protective equipment, as well as the basis of surveillance programs of highly pathogenic avian influenza in wild birds in Spain. The direct transmission of influenza virus from wild birds to humans is a rare event.

[Zoonoses and occupational health in the veterinary profession].

The veterinary profession implies a greater risk of infection by zoonotic pathogens than the overall population. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the impact of zoonoses on the occupational health of veterinarians reviewing the published surveys addressing this subject. Following these inquiries, between 4% and 64.

23S rRNA and L22 ribosomal protein are involved in the acquisition of macrolide and lincosamide resistance in Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum.

Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc) is one of the causative agents of contagious agalactia, and antimicrobial therapy is the most commonly applied measure to treat outbreaks of this disease. Macrolides and lincosamides bind specifically to nucleotides at domains II and V of the 23S rRNA.

Molecular resistance mechanisms of Mycoplasma agalactiae to macrolides and lincomycin.

The extensive use of antimicrobials for disease control has caused a remarkable decrease in antimicrobial susceptibility of different animal mycoplasma species, including Mycoplasma agalactiae (M. agalactiae), the main causative agent of contagious agalactia. However, the molecular mechanisms behind M.

Mutations in the quinolone resistance determining region conferring resistance to fluoroquinolones in Mycoplasma agalactiae.

M. agalactiae is the main causative agent of contagious agalactia, against which antimicrobial treatment is the main applied control measure. Quinolones are an effective group of antimicrobials inhibiting the growth of M.

Resistance mechanisms against quinolones in Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum.

Quinolones interact with bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, the subunits of which are encoded by gyrA/gyrB and parC/parE, respectively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between changes in these genes and quinolone susceptibility of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc).

Antimicrobial susceptibility and multilocus sequence typing of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum.

Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum is one of the causative agents of contagious agalactia (CA). Nevertheless, there is still a lack of information about its antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics.

Zoonoses in Veterinary Students: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Veterinary students face diverse potential sources of zoonotic pathogens since the first years of their academic degree. Such sources include different animal species and pathologic materials which are used at university facilities as well as commercial clinics, farms and other external facilities.

Objectives: The present study utilizes a systematic review of the literature to identify zoonoses described in veterinary students.

Detecting asymptomatic rams infected with Mycoplasma agalactiae in ovine artificial insemination centers.

Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma) is the main causative agent of ovine contagious agalactia, which is a serious disease of small ruminants. In endemic areas, its most common clinical situation consists of chronically infected herds, and asymptomatic infected individuals represent an epidemiological risk regarding the transmission of this disease. The aim of this work was to detect the presence of asymptomatic rams infected with Ma in different artificial insemination centers, and to determine the most effective way to identify these individuals so as to implement adequate surveillance protocols.

Multilocus sequence typing of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri to assess its genetic variability in a contagious agalactia endemic area.

Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) is one of the main causative agents of caprine contagious agalactia. Besides, the absence of accurate control methods eases its dispersion between different herds within endemic areas of this disease.

Presence of Mycoplasma agalactiae in semen of naturally infected asymptomatic rams.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the presence of Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma), the main causative agent of ovine contagious agalactia (CA), in semen of naturally infected rams. Therefore, semen samples from 167 rams residing in three different artificial insemination (AI) centers of a CA-endemic area were studied by microbiological and molecular techniques. In addition, serial ejaculates from the same rams were evaluated to determine the excretion dynamics of Ma.

Survival of Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri in heat treated goat colostrum.

The viability of Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc) was assessed in goat colostrum treated at different temperatures. Samples of colostrum were inoculated with reference strains of M.

Anatomic location of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri and Mycoplasma agalactiae in naturally infected goat male auricular carriers.

This study sought to determine whether male goat auricular carriers of mycoplasmas known to cause contagious agalactia could harbour these microorganisms at anatomical sites other than the ears. A microbiological study was conducted in 6 naturally infected bucks that had been diagnosed as chronic auricular asymptomatic carriers of Mycoplasma (M.) mycoides subsp.

Viability of Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in goat milk samples stored under different conditions.

Control programs for contagious agalactia (CA) involve monitoring milk samples to detect this disease. This study was designed to establish the effects of the preservatives generally used in dairy laboratories and storage temperature on the viability of Mycoplasma (M.) agalactiae (Ma) and M.

Kinetics and role of antibodies against intimin beta in colostrum and in serum from goat kids and longitudinal study of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli in goat kids.

The presence of antibodies to the intimin beta-binding region (Int280-beta) of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (AEEC) in serum from 20 goat kids from 2 herds, as well as in goat colostrum, was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, the onset and subsequent pattern of shedding of AEEC from the same goat kids over a 6-mo period was investigated. All the colostrum and serum samples tested contained antibodies against Int280-beta.

Latent infection of male goats with Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri at an artificial insemination centre.

Contagious agalactia affects goats and is caused by several species of mycoplasma including Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc). Male goats, latently infected with M.

Comparison of culture and PCR to detect Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri in ear swabs taken from goats.

This study was designed to evaluate the validity of PCR for the direct detection of Mycoplasma (M.) agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc), as the two species most frequently causing contagious agalactia (CA) in goats.