Increased Levels of Anti- Antibodies During Hospital Admission in Septic Patients.

Background/objectives: In a previous study, we described elevated anti- IgG levels in septic patients in relation to disease severity. In this study, our objective was to analyze the evolution of anti- immunoglobulins in septic patients during hospital admission and their association with αβ and γδ T cell subsets.

Methods: We recruited 80 subjects: 40 patients with sepsis and 40 controls.

A Low Number of Baselines γδ T Cells Increases the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination Infection.

The COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest global health problem in the last hundred years. The efficacy of the vaccine to protect against severe disease is estimated to be 70-95% according to the studies carried out, although there are aspects of the immune response to the vaccine that remain unclear. Humoral and cellular immunity after the administration of three doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford AstraZeneca vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 over one year and the appearance of post-vaccination COVID-19 were studied.

Anti-Anisakis antibodies in colon cancer patients and their relationship with γδ T-cells.

Many pathogens are related to carcinogenesis. Chronic inflammation, as a result of persistent infection, leads to DNA damage, higher expression of oncogenes, decreased apoptosis and immunosuppression, which are some of the reasons for cancer induction. Among parasites, Schistosoma, Opistorchis and Clonorchis are recognised as infectious agents which contribute to cancer.

Latent Microsporidia Infection Prevalence as a Risk Factor in Colon Cancer Patients.

Microsporidia are opportunistic intracellular parasites, generating serious pathology in individuals with a compromised immune system. Infection by microsporidia inhibits p53 and Caspase 3, proteins involved in apoptosis and the cell cycle, which are vital in the malignant process of epithelial cells. The presence of microsporidia in the intestinal tissues of 87 colon cancer (CC) patients and 25 healthy controls was analyzed by real-time PCR and an immunofluorescence antibody test.

Lymphopenia in hospitalized patients and its relationship with severity of illness and mortality.

Background: Lymphopenia is associated with various pathologies such as sepsis, burns, trauma, general anesthesia and major surgeries. All these pathologies are clinically expressed by the so-called Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome which does not include lymphopenia into defining criteria. The main objective of this work was to analyze the diagnosis of patients admitted to a hospital related to lymphopenia during hospital stay.

Laparoscopic Versus Open Incisional Hernia Repair: Long-Term Follow-up Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Long-term extension of a previous randomized controlled clinical trial comparing open (OVHR) vs. laparoscopic (LVHR) ventral hernia repair, assessing recurrence, reoperation, mesh-related complications and self-reported quality of life with 10 years of follow-up.

Methods: Eighty-five patients were followed up to assess recurrence (main endpoint), reoperation, mesh complications and death, from the date of index until recurrence, death or study completion, whichever was first.

Expansion of T regulatory lymphocytes by murine bone marrow dendritic cells previously stimulated with Anisakis simplex larval antigens.

Background: Anisakis simplex antigens present immunomodulatory properties by the induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) in mice.

Objectives: To study the capacity of DCs stimulated with A. simplex excretory-secretory (ES) or crude extract (CE) to generate Tregs.

Differences in circulating γδ T cells in patients with primary colon cancer and relation with prognostic factors.

Downregulation of the T cell system has been proposed as a mechanism to block immunity in colonic cancer (CC). However, little has been studied about circulating αβ and γδ T cells and their immunological status in newly diagnosed patients. The aim of this study was to characterize the αβ and γδ T cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients with CC matched with healthy volunteers.

Corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients requiring oxygen support? Yes, but not for everyone: Effect of corticosteroids on mortality and intensive care unit admission in patients with COVID-19 according to patients' oxygen requirements.

Corticosteroids reduce mortality in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the response seems to vary according to the level of respiratory support needed. This retrospective cohort study included COVID-19 patients with oxygen saturation (SatO ) in room air <92% admitted between March 3 and April 30, 2020. Following the interim protocol, patients could receive dexamethasone or methylprednisolone, and were classified according to oxygen requirements.

Induction of tolerogenic properties by Anisakis larval antigens on murine dendritic cells.

Aims: The objective of this work is to investigate whether Anisakis simplex larval antigens present immunomodulatory properties by the induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) from two strains of mice (BALB/c and C57BL/6J).

Methods And Results: We used mouse bone marrow-derived DCs. We determined their antigen-presenting ability by expression of membrane markers (MHC I and MHC II, CD80, CD86) and intracellular expression levels of IL-10 and IL-12 cytokines.

Anti-Anisakis sp. antibodies in serum of patients with sepsis and their relationship with γδ T cells and disease severity.

Immunosuppression in sepsis reduces both αβ and γδ T cell subsets. Anisakis sp. is a parasitic nematode with a high prevalence in Spain.

B1a Lymphocytes (CD19+CD5+) Deficiency in Patients with Crohn's Disease and Its Relation with Disease Severity.

Background/aims: B1a cells (CD19+CD5+) are considered elements of the innate immune system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of B1a cells in the peripheral blood of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and its relation with disease severity.

Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 128 subjects (64 CD patients and 64 healthy controls) were studied.

Gammadelta T Cells in Crohn's Disease: A New Player in the Disease Pathogenesis?

Crohn's disease [CD] is a chronic relapsing systemic disease affecting the gastrointestinal tract. An altered immune response to commensal intestinal bacteria takes place in genetically predisposed individuals, resulting in chronic inflammation in the gut. Several alterations in the innate immunity mechanisms have been described in recent years.

Rectal advancement flap for the treatment of complex cryptoglandular anal fistulas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Rectal advancement flap is an accepted approach for treating complex fistula-in-ano. However, a diversity of technical modifications have been described. The aim of this study was to evaluate recurrence and fecal continence rates after performing rectal advancement flaps depending upon flap thickness (full-thickness, partial-thickness, or mucosal flaps) and treatment of the fistulous tract (core-out or curettage).

Anti-Anisakis sp. antibodies in serum of healthy subjects. Relationship with αβ and γδ T cells.

Anisakiosis is nowadays one of the nematodoses more prevalent in Spain, with rates that oscillate between 0.43% in Galicia (N.W.

A quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of secretory immunoglobulin A in serum.

Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in serum is possibly the best index of SIgA presence in mucosal secretions in digestive tract and the mirror of its immunologic barrier against many pathogenic aggressions. The measurement of salivary SigA alone may be affected by total salivary secretion and its final concentration in the gland lumen is probably not useful as an appropriate index of mucosal secretions in the digestive tract. The usefulness of the determination of SigA against various epitopes in serum from patients with various autoimmune disease has been demonstrated.

Epstein-Barr virus is related with 5-aminosalicylic acid, tonsillectomy, and CD19(+) cells in Crohn's disease.

Aim: To study anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) IgG antibodies in Crohn's disease in relation to treatment, immune cells, and prior tonsillectomy/appendectomy.

Methods: This study included 36 CD patients and 36 healthy individuals (controls), and evaluated different clinical scenarios (new patient, remission and active disease), previous mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue removal (tonsillectomy and appendectomy) and therapeutic regimens (5-aminosalicylic acid, azathioprine, anti-tumor necrosis factor, antibiotics, and corticosteroids). T and B cells subsets in peripheral blood were analyzed by flow cytometry (markers included: CD45, CD4, CD8, CD3, CD19, CD56, CD2, CD3, TCRαβ and TCRγδ) to relate with the levels of anti-EBV IgG antibodies, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Deficit of interleukin 7 in septic patients.

We recently demonstrated an overall decrease of all αβ and specially γδ T cell subsets in patients with sepsis compared with healthy subjects. IL-7 is a crucial factor for development of γδ T cells and survival in sepsis but its association with sepsis severity, evolution of organ failure and death still has not been investigated. Sera from 78 patients who met criteria for sepsis were analyzed vs control group.

Microsporidia and its relation to Crohn's disease. A retrospective study.

Background: The cause of Crohn's Disease (CD) remains unknown. Recently a decrease in the global lymphocyte population in the peripheral blood of CD patients has been reported. This decrease was more evident in γδ T lymphocytes, especially γδ CD8+T subsets.

Association of γδ T cells with disease severity and mortality in septic patients.

Gamma-delta T cells are the most abundant of all epithelial-resident lymphocytes and are considered a first line of defense against pathogens in the mucosa. Our objective was to confirm the reduction in γδ T cell subsets and its relationship with mortality in patients with sepsis. We studied 135 patients with sepsis attended in the emergency department and intensive care unit of two hospitals and compared them with a similar control group of healthy subjects.

Deficit of gammadelta T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with Crohn's disease.

Background: Gammadelta T lymphocytes are an important component of innate immunity. Previous studies have shown their role in the development of Crohn's-like colitis in mice.

Aims: The aim of this study was to measure the γδ T lymphocyte levels in Crohn's disease (CD) patients.

Epidemiology of sepsis in the Valencian Community (Spain), 1995-2004.

Objective: To study the incidence of sepsis in the Valencian Community (Spain) during a period of 10 years (1995-2004).

Methods: We downloaded data on discharge diagnoses of septicemia in all 26 public hospitals in the Valencian Community during the 10-year study period, as well as the additional discharge diagnoses of each patient.

Results: We identified 33,767 cases of sepsis during the study period.

Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) deficiency in serum of patients with GALTectomy (appendectomy and tonsillectomy).

Introduction: In adult human beings, 80-85% of the immune cells are located in the digestive tract mucosa; hence the importance of the Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) in host defence. We studied the influence of the surgical removal of two important parts of the gut associated with lymphoid tissue (tonsillectomy and appendectomy) on immune parameters.

Methods: One hundred and sixty patients were enrolled in this study.