Clinical presentations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents: comparison of neurocognitive performance.

This study aimed to compare performance in working memory (WM), processing speed (PRS), and attention measures in children and adolescents with typical development (TD) and with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (inattentive [ADHD-I] or combined [ADHD-C]) presentations, and to determine the predictive ability of the measures mentioned to discriminate between ADHD presentations and TD. 260 children and adolescents, 138 with ADHD (70 ADHD-I and 68 ADHD-C) and 122 TD in two age cohorts (8-12 years; 13-16 years), were assessed with WM and PRS indexes of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) and the d2 attention test. Significant differences between ADHD and TD groups in the WISC-IV GAI scores were found in children but not in adolescents.

Validation of a Questionnaire to Analyze the Expectations of First-Year Nursing Students.

Aim: The aim of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire to analyze students' expectations, along with their level of interest and overall satisfaction with their nursing studies.

Background: The expectations of students on entering university are closely related to the level of interest that they have in their area of study and their general satisfaction with it. This is certainly a conditioning factor in their learning.

Executive functions, Personality traits and ADHD symptoms in adolescents: A mediation analysis.

Certain personality traits and cognitive domains of executive functions (EF) are differentially related to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adolescents. This study aimed to analyze the five-factor model (FFM) personality characteristics in adolescents with ADHD, and to examine whether EF mediate the relationships between FFM personality traits and ADHD symptoms. A comprehensive diagnostic assessment, including ADHD clinical interviews, ADHD rating scales, neuropsychological EF testing (i.

Interrater agreement on behavioral executive function measures in adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Unlabelled: Though most children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) show difficulties in behavioral measures of executive functions (EF), few studies have examined interrater agreement in these measures.

Objective: To analyze the agreement between parents, teachers and self-reports of behavioral EF in adolescents with ADHD and controls.

Method: A sample of 118 adolescents (75 with ADHD and 43 controls) was rated by parents, teachers and the adolescents themselves using the Comprehensive Executive Function Inventory.

Temperament, executive function, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents: The mediating role of effortful control.

: Temperament dimensions may be related to executive functions (EF) and may be involved in the expression and maintenance of symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The current study aimed to assess whether effortful control (EC) mediates the relationship between EF and inattentive symptoms, and whether surgency (S) and negative affectivity (NA) mediate the relationships between EF and hyperactive-impulsive ADHD symptoms in adolescents. : Working individually, participants aged between 12 and 16 years ( = 118; 75 with ADHD) performed tests of cognitive EF (working memory, planning, flexibility, and inhibition), and parents and teachers completed a multi-informant assessment focusing on measures of ADHD symptoms and temperament dimensions (EC, S, and NA).

Assessment of executive function in ADHD adolescents: contribution of performance tests and rating scales.

This study aimed to analyze performance on measures of neuropsychological and behavioral executive functions (EF) in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to evaluate the utility of performance-based tests for predicting scores on behavioral EF ratings. One hundred eighteen adolescents (75 ADHD and 43 controls) aged 12-16 years performed neuropsychological tests and completed a behavior rating scale of EF. The ADHD group presented significantly lower scores than controls on Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) and all indexes of the WISC-IV, except the verbal comprehension index (VCI).

Clinical case management for patients with schizophrenia with high care needs.

The aim of this study is to establish the effectiveness of a clinical case management (CM) programme compared to a standard treatment programme (STP) in patients with schizophrenia. Patients for the CM programme were consecutively selected among patients in the STP with schizophrenia who had poor functioning. Seventy-five patients were admitted to the CM programme and were matched to 75 patients in the STP.

Psychometric properties of a test for ADHD based on binocular rivalry.

The psychometric properties of a Binocular Rivalry (BR)-based test on a group of 159 participants (57 with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD) aged between 6 and 15 years are presented. Two factors, which explained 56.82% of the variance, were obtained by exploratory factor analysis: (a) Alternations and Duration of exclusive dominances, and (b) Decision time.

Considering variables for the assignment of patients with schizophrenia to a case management programme.

The elements and intensity of case management (CM) practices should be established according to patients' needs. Therefore, greater understanding of patients' needs in such community-based programmes is essential. This paper addresses this issue by characterizing two groups of patients receiving CM or a standard treatment programme (STP) and identifying the characteristics of patients receiving CM services.

Onset time of binocular rivalry and duration of inter-dominance periods as psychophysical markers of ADHD.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the main neurobiological disorders in young children. Despite its prevalence, current diagnosis is debated. In this study we tested whether measures of binocular rivalry (BR) can contribute to the diagnosis of ADHD.

Assessing Attention Deficit by Binocular Rivalry.

Objective: To determine whether the frequency and duration of the periods of suppression of a percept in a binocular rivalry (BR) task can be used to distinguish between participants with ADHD and controls.

Method: A total of 122 participants (6-15 years) were assigned to three groups: ADHD-Combined (ADHD-C), ADHD-Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I), and controls. They each performed a BR task and two measures were recorded: alternation rate and duration of exclusive dominance periods.

Validation of the modified DUKE-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire in patients with schizophrenia.

Purpose: The modified DUKE-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire (FSSQ) is considered a psychometric instrument to assess the social support in patients with schizophrenia. However, it has not been validated in this patient population. This issue is addressed here by examining the tool's psychometric properties in a clinical sample of patients with schizophrenia.

The conners' adult ADHD rating scales--short self-report and observer forms: psychometric properties of the Catalan version.

Objective: To validate the Catalan adaptation of the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS), short version (self-report: CAARS-S:S; observer: CAARS-O:S).

Method: A community sample of 424 adults responded to the two forms. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the dimensional structure.

The World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule: a validation study in patients with schizophrenia.

Purpose: The World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule (DAS-s) is used for patients with schizophrenia, although no validation is available. This manuscript addresses this issue by dealing with its psychometric properties in a clinical sample of patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: Two hundred forty-one patients from 10 Adult Mental Health Care Centers meeting the following inclusion criteria were included: (1) International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, diagnosis of schizophrenia; (2) Global Assessment of Functioning scores 50 or less; (3) illness duration of more than 2 years; and (4) clinical stability at assessment time.

The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version: a validation study in patients with schizophrenia.

Purpose: The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) is used for patients with schizophrenia although no validation is available. This work addresses this issue by dealing with its psychometric properties in a clinical sample of patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: Two hundred forty-one patients from 10 Adult Mental Health Care Centers (AMHCC) meeting the following inclusion criteria were included: (1) International Classification of Diseases-10 or ICD-10 diagnosis of schizophrenia, (2) Global Assessment of Functioning scores or GAF ≤ 50, 3) Illness duration of more than 2 years and (4) Clinical stability at assessment time.

Psychometric properties of the Children's Depression Inventory in community and clinical sample.

The psychometric characteristics of the Children's Depression Inventory, CDI (Kovacs, 1992) in a sample of 1705 participants (792 boys and 913 girls) and a clinical sample of 102 participants (42 boys and 60 girls) between 10 and 18 years old are presented. Reliability coefficients range, for both samples, from .82 (test) to .

Psychometric properties of the Reynolds Child Depression Scale in community and clinical samples.

The factor structure of the Reynolds Child Depression Scale (RCDS; Reynolds, 1989), analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and the scale's psychometric characteristics in a sample of 315 participants (140 boys and 175 girls) and a clinical sample of 62 participants (37 boys and 25 girls) between 10 and 12 years old, are presented. Two models are tested with confirmatory factor analysis: a one-factor model and a five-factor model. Both models show a good fit, but the one-factor model was chosen because it is the most parsimonious.

The SCOFF-c: psychometric properties of the Catalan version in a Spanish adolescent sample.

Objective: The objective of this study is to validate the Catalan version of the SCOFF questionnaire with a community sample of adolescents.

Method: This study used a community sample of 954 participants (475 girls and 479 boys; aged between 10.9 and 17.

[Factor structure and descriptive data from the Attention Profile and the ADHD Questionnaire for school-age children].

Factor structure and descriptive data of Attention profile and ADHD questionnaire for school age children. The factorial structure of Attention profile for teachers and parents ratings was analysed. Descriptive data for two rating scales, the Attention profile and the ADHD questionnaire are presented for a sample of 1019 participants (574 girls, 445 boys), aged between 4 and 12 years, rated by teachers and parents.

Confirmatory factor analysis of parents' and teachers' ratings of DSM-IV symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a Spanish sample.

Confirmatory factor analysis examined the factor structure of DSM IV Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms and analyzed the differences in informants' ratings of ADHD symptoms by children's age and sex. A sample of 1,018 Spanish school children, 574 girls and 444 boys, ages 4 to 12 years, was rated by teachers and parents. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a similar fit for the three-factor model of Inattention, Hyperactivity, and Impulsivity (teachers: CFI = .