Revascularization of the Nipple-Areola Complex following Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy.

Background: Preoperative vascular mapping has been demonstrated to be an excellent adjunct to perforator flap surgery by reducing operative times and enhancing surgical precision. This study evaluated the benefit of preoperative vascular mapping using magnetic resonance imaging and Doppler ultrasonography to identify the different perforators to the breast and compared it to postoperative mapping. The authors' intent was to determine whether preoperative knowledge of the various vascular sources to the nipple-areola complex affected the outcome and vitality of the nipple-areola complex.

Symmetry following unilateral two-stage prosthetic breast reconstruction: Is there an optimal time for managing the contralateral breast?

Introduction: Achieving breast symmetry following unilateral mastectomy remains a challenge. Contralateral procedures are usually necessary to achieve breast symmetry. Controversy exists regarding whether these symmetry procedures should be performed at the time of the initial reconstruction or on a delayed basis.

The Importance of Fifth Anterior Intercostal Vessels following Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy.

Background: The authors describe the vascular anatomy of the fifth anterior intercostal artery perforator and its role for perfusion of the nipple-areola complex following nipple-sparing mastectomy.

Methods: Twenty fresh cadavers were injected with 20 cc of colored latex through the internal mammary artery. The catheter was placed at the level of the second intercostal space after removal of the rib.

Oncoplastic breast reduction in conservative surgery.

Advances in reconstructive breast surgery with new materials and techniques now allow us to offer patients the best possible cosmetic results without the risks associated with oncological control of the disease. These advances, in both oncological and plastic surgery, have led to a new field, oncoplastic breast surgery, which enables us to undertake large resections and, with advance planning, and prevent subsequent deformities. This is particularly important when more than 30% of the breast volume is removed, as it allows us to obtain precise information for conservative surgery according to the site of the lesion and to set the boundary between conservative surgery and mastectomy.