[Not Available].

Objetivo: Actualizar las prevalencias de desnutrición infantil y de sobrepeso más obesidad en menores de cinco años de México, en el ámbito nacional y por grupos de edad y su distribución por variables sociodemográficas. Material y métodos. Se analizó la información de 1 684 menores de cinco años de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2022 (Ensanut 2022).

[Not Available].

Not available.

Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight-gain predict maternal hemoglobin levels and are jointly associated with neonatal outcomes in a Mexican birth cohort.

Introduction: there is scarce evidence of the effects of obesity and gestational weight- gain (GWG) on hemoglobin (Hb) levels in pregnancy. Little is known about the implications in offspring when pregnant mothers present with both at delivery. Aim: to identify if pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and GWG are associated with Hb levels at pregnancy third trimester; and identify if the BMI status plus anemia at delivery could influence offspring anthropometry.

The overlooked paradox of the coexistence of overweight/obesity and anemia during pregnancy.

Globally, the prevalence of overweight and obesity, including among pregnant women, has substantially increased in the past three decades. This has been fueled by, among other factors, an increase in the consumption of high energy-dense foods and a decrease in physical activity. Additionally, global prevalence of anemia among pregnant women remains a public health concern.

Parental Feeding Styles and Their Association With Complementary Feeding Practices and Growth in Mexican Children.

Complementary feeding practices and corresponding parental feeding styles influence nutritional status in later stages of childhood. Findings on the association of these variables with infant growth remain inconsistent; in Mexico, a research gap exists in this area. (1) To characterize parental feeding styles and complementary feeding practices, and (2) to evaluate the association of parental feeding styles with complementary feeding practices and infant growth at 6 and 9 months of age.

Equitability of Individual and Population Interventions to Reduce Obesity: A Modeling Study in Mexico.

Introduction: Modeling studies have estimated the potential impact and cost effectiveness of interventions to reduce obesity; few have focused on their equity across socioeconomic groups. This study aims to compare the equitability of individual- and population-level interventions to reduce obesity in Mexico.

Methods: Mathematical models were implemented to estimate the expected effect of 2 sugar-sweetened beverage tax scenarios (10% and 20%) and bariatric surgery, pharmacotherapy, and dietary advice as individual interventions to reduce body weight.

[Not Available].

Objetivos. Actualizar la prevalencia de desnutrición y sus tendencias en los últimos 30 años e identificar factores asociados con la baja talla en una muestra representativa nacional de niños <5 años en México. Material y méto-dos.

Pro-Inflammatory Diet Is Associated with Adiposity during Childhood and with Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers at 11 Years in Mexican Children.

There is limited evidence about the inflammatory potential of diet in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) from 5 to 11 years with adiposity and inflammatory biomarkers in Mexican children. We analyzed 726 children from a birth cohort study with complete dietary information and measurements to evaluate adiposity at 5, 7 and 11 y and 286 children with IL-6, hsCRP, leptin and adiponectin information at 11 y.

[Nutricia Code: nutrition and conflict of interest in academia].

To combat malnutrition in all its forms, actions must be integrated from society as a whole. The main interest of the actors involved in these actions should be health. However, there are actors with conflict of interest that interfere in the design, planning, implementation and monitoring of public health nutrition policies.

Dietary patterns and diet quality during pregnancy and low birthweight: The PRINCESA cohort.

Although the isolated effects of several specific nutrients have been examined, little is known about the relationship between overall maternal diet during pregnancy and fetal development and growth. This study evaluates the association between maternal diet and low birthweight (LBW) in 660 pregnant women from the Pregnancy Research on Inflammation, Nutrition,& City Environment: Systematic Analyses (PRINCESA) cohort in Mexico City. Using prior day dietary intake reported at multiple prenatal visits, diet was assessed prospectively using a priori (Maternal Diet Quality Score [MDQS]) and a posteriori (dietary patterns extracted by factor analysis) approaches.

Closing the Nutrition Impact Gap Using Program Impact Pathway Analyses to Inform the Need for Program Modifications in Mexico's Conditional Cash Transfer Program.

Background: Mexico's Prospera-Oportunidades-Progresa Conditional Cash Transfer Program (CCT-POP) included the distribution of fortified food supplements (FFS) for pregnant and lactating women and young children. Rigorous evaluations showed significant impacts on nutrition outcomes but also substantial gaps in addressing nutrition problems.

Objectives: To highlight the program design-related and implementation-related gaps and challenges that motivated further research and the eventual design and roll-out of a modified nutrition component for CCT-POP.

A Brief History of Evidence-Informed Decision Making for Nutrition in Mexico.

The Progresa Conditional Cash Transfer program in Mexico began in 1997, with a strong evidence-based design. The program's ultimate objective was to foster the development of human capital through 3 components-education, health, and food. Rigorous impact evaluation generated evidence of impact on several outcomes, including child growth, but also aspects of program design and implementation challenges that may have limited impact.

The Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey as a Basis for Public Policy Planning: Overweight and Obesity.

Mexico has one of the highest overweight and obesity rates in the world. Our objective is to describe the tendency of overweight and obesity by sex, health service affiliation, and socioeconomic tertile (T1,2,3), and to give examples of public policies derived from the results of the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Surveys (ENSANUT). Data come from the 2006, 2012, and 2016 ENSANUTs, which are probabilistic surveys that allow us to make inferences at the national level, on urban and rural strata and regions; their coverage includes all the population age groups.

Gestational weight gain trajectories over pregnancy and their association with maternal diet quality: Results from the PRINCESA cohort.

Objective: The aims of this study were to characterize, among pregnant Mexican women, gestational weight gain (GWG) trajectories; assess associations of maternal dietary quality score (MDQS) with GWG during early-mid pregnancy, middle pregnancy, late pregnancy, and prolonged pregnancy; and evaluate the association between MDQS and adequacy of GWG, throughout pregnancy. We hypothesized that higher MDQS adherence is protective against insufficient or excessive GWG across pregnancy and that the association between MDQS adherence and GWG would vary by prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) category.

Methods: We analyzed data from 660 pregnant women participating in the PRINCESA (Pregnancy Research on Inflammation, Nutrition and City Environments: Systematic Analyses) cohort in Mexico City, 2009 to 2014.

The Role of Public Nutrition Research Organizations in the Construction, Implementation and Evaluation of Evidence-Based Nutrition Policy: Two National Experiences in Mexico.

Malnutrition and poor diet are the largest risk factors responsible for the global burden of disease. Therefore, ending all forms of malnutrition by 2030 is a global priority. To achieve this goal, a key element is to design and implement nutrition policies based on the best available scientific evidence.

Compliance with nutrition standards in Mexican schools and their effectiveness: a repeated cross-sectional study.

Background: Mexico approved mandatory nutrient-based standards for foods sold in schools in 2011. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between compliance with nutrition standards for foods sold in schools and children's school snacks.

Methods: Data came from three surveys representative of Mexican elementary schools in 13 states and their students (2012, 2013 and 2015); n = 645 children from N = 99 different schools.

Desarrollo de la capacidad para la regulación en salud en México.

La Academia Nacional de Medicina es un espacio esencial para discutir la ciencia de la regulación en salud y posicionar su impacto en la salud y la economía. Enmarcada dentro de la función rectora de la autoridad sanitaria, la regulación en salud es la acción de proteger a la población de los peligros sanitarios involuntarios contra los cuales el individuo no puede protegerse; es una función esencial de la salud pública, componente institucional del sistema de salud y, por ende, vinculada a sus reformas y a la cobertura universal. La regulación tiene sustento en un cuerpo teórico epidemiológico, organizacional, legal, sociológico y económico.

[Trends of malnutrition in Mexican children under five years from 1988 to 2016: Analysis of five national surveys].

Objective: To study the magnitude, distribution and trends of undernutrition and overweight in Mexican children un¬der five years between 1988 and 2016.

Materials And Methods: Underweight, wasting, stunting and overweight prevalences were calculated, at national, regional and rural/ urban locality levels in children under five years from the 1988, 1999, 2006, 2012 and 2016 national probabilistic surveys.

Results: Currently 3.

[Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, 2016 Halfway National Health and Nutrition Survey update].

Objective: To estimate recent overweight and obesity prevalences in Mexican population under 20 years from Halfway National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut MC 2016).

Materials And Methods: Ensanut MC 2016 is a probabilistic national survey which gives representative information from national, regional and rural/urban levels. BMIz was estimated through weight and height, then it was classified into overweight risk or overweight or obesity ac¬cording to WHO growth reference standards.

Energy, added sugar, and saturated fat contributions of taxed beverages and foods in Mexico.

Objective: To estimate the dietary contribution of taxed beverages and foods.

Materials And Methods: Using 24-hour diet recall data from the Ensanut 2012 (n=10 096), we estimated the contribution of the items which were taxed in 2014 to the total energy, added sugar, and saturated fat intakes in the entire sample and by sociodemographic characteristics.

Results: The contributions for energy, added sugar, and saturated fat were found to be 5.

Consumption of foods and beverages in elementary schools: Results of the implementation of the general guidelines for foods and beverages sales in elementary schools in Mexico, stages II and III.

The Mexican government developed the General Guidelines for the dispensing or distribution of foods and beverages at food sales in elementary schools (Guidelines). The objective is to evaluate the consumption of food and beverages during school hours, in two different stages of the implementation of the Guidelines: stages II (2011-2012) and stage III (2012-2013) in 565 elementary school students. We constructed three categories of consumption according to the origin of food: Home, food brought from home; School, food purchased at school and Both, food from home and food purchased at school.

[Methodological design of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2016].

Objective:: Describe the design methodology of the halfway health and nutrition national survey (Ensanut-MC) 2016.

Materials And Methods: The Ensanut-MC is a national probabilistic survey whose objective population are the inhabitants of private households in Mexico. The sample size was determined to make inferences on the urban and rural areas in four regions.