Correlation between superficial and deep lymphatic systems using magnetic resonance lymphangiography in breast cancer-related lymphedema: Clinical implications.

Background: Magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL) has increased our knowledge of lymphatic anatomy and lymphedema pathophysiology and improved the efficacy of microsurgical procedures to manage peripheral lymphedema. The aim of this study is to investigate the ability of MRL to detect communications between superficial and deep lymphatic systems in breast cancer-related lymphedema (BRCL) and to investigate whether these communications could preserve lymphatic drainage of the hand.

Methods: Between 2008 and 2017 we used MRL imaging in 59 women with BCRL.

The Supraclavicular Artery Perforator Flap: A Comparative Study of Imaging Techniques Used in Preoperative Mapping.

Background:  The supraclavicular artery flap is an excellent flap for head and neck reconstruction. The aim of this study is to assess imaging techniques to define the precise vascular boundaries of this flap.

Methods:  Six imaging techniques were used for supraclavicular artery mapping in 65 cases; handheld Doppler, triplex ultrasound, computed tomography angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, digital subtraction angiography, and indocyanine green angiography.

Paramuscular perforators in DIEAP flap for breast reconstruction.

Unlabelled: One of the main steps in perforator flap surgery is to identify the dominant perforator. Using multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT) for the preoperative planning of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEAP) flap surgery, we identified a perforator with a large caliber, an excellent location in the middle abdominal region, and a totally extramuscular trajectory in a significant number of patients. We describe the frequency of this perforator and determine its characteristics.

Noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative perforator mapping.

Identifying the position, course, and caliber of the dominant perforator is extremely valuable in the preoperative study for perforator surgery. Besides reliability, the ideal technique should offer low cost and high availability and reproducibility. It should be fast, easy to interpret, and free of morbidity.

In search of the ideal method in perforator mapping: noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging.

A reliable method for precise identification of the dominant perforator would be extremely valuable in perforator flap surgery. During the past 5 years, multidetector-row computed tomography has demonstrated excellent results in preoperative planning of abdominal free flap breast reconstruction, significantly reducing operative time and complications. The main drawbacks of computed tomography are unnecessary radiation to the patient and possible allergic reactions to intravenous contrast material.

Preoperative computed tomographic angiogram for deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap breast reconstruction.

Precision in preoperative evaluation of the abdominal wall vascular anatomy is of utmost importance in successful planning and execution of perforator flap surgery for breast reconstruction after mastectomy. We performed a study in 357 patients scheduled for deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEAP) flap breast reconstruction to review our 5-year experience with the technique we developed based on our previous research confirming accuracy of a computed tomographic (CT) angiogram (multidetector row computed tomography [MDCT]) in preoperative planning of abdominal perforator flap surgery. Images obtained from the radiological study were used to create an accurate map of dominant abdominal perforators of the deep inferior epigastric artery, showing their location, size, and anatomic considerations of relevance for the preoperative flap design.

Multislice computed tomography angiography of the fourth dorsal interosseous space in cadavers.

Purpose: To study computed tomography angiography (CTA) findings and compare anatomic correlation of the 4th dorsal metacarpal spaces and to determine the role of this technique for anatomic studies and flap design.

Methods: Hands from 17 cadavers were injected with a radiopaque mixture. The specimens were imaged using 16-detector-row computed tomography.

MDCT in the preoperative planning of abdominal perforator surgery for postmastectomy breast reconstruction.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of MDCT in planning abdominal perforator surgery for breast reconstruction in patients who have undergone mastectomy.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred twenty-six consecutive patients scheduled for postmastectomy breast reconstruction using deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps underwent MDCT. The images were evaluated to identify, characterize, and map the dominant musculocutaneous perforator vessels of the deep inferior epigastric artery.

The value of the multidetector row computed tomography for the preoperative planning of deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap: our experience in 162 cases.

A preoperative abdominal wall study was conducted using a multidetector scanner in 162 women who had undergone breast reconstruction with abdominal perforator flaps. A map of the abdominal perforator vessels dependent on the deep inferior epigastric artery was created. In the first 36 cases, anatomic dissection of all perforators was performed during surgery.

Extensor mechanism of the fingers: MR imaging-anatomic correlation.

Extension of the fingers is a complex function carried out by simultaneous action of extrinsic and intrinsic muscles, as well as retinacular structures in the dorsum of the wrist, hand, and fingers that support and coordinate the action of the muscles. The extensor mechanism of the fingers is divided into topographic zones, which extend from the forearm to the distal phalanx. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging shows in detail the musculotendinous and retinacular structures of the extensor apparatus.

MR imaging of ligament and tendon injuries of the fingers.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can provide important information for diagnosis and evaluation of soft-tissue trauma in the fingers. An optimal imaging technique should include proper positioning, dedicated surface coils, and specific protocols for the suspected abnormalities. Familiarity with the fine anatomy of the normal finger is crucial for identifying pathologic entities.