Multispectral Images for Drought Stress Evaluation of Arabica Coffee Genotypes Under Different Irrigation Regimes.

The advancement of digital agriculture combined with computational tools and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has opened the way to large-scale data collection for the calculation of vegetation indices (VIs). These vegetation indexes (VIs) are useful for agricultural monitoring, as they highlight the inherent characteristics of vegetation and optimize the spatial and temporal evaluation of different crops. The experiment tested three coffee genotypes (Catuaí 62, E237 and Iapar 59) under five water regimes: (1) FI 100 (year-round irrigation with 100% replacement of evapotranspiration), (2) FI 50 (year-round irrigation with 50% evapotranspiration replacement), (3) WD 100 (no irrigation from June to September (dry season) and, thereafter, 100% evapotranspiration replacement), (4) WD 50 (no irrigation from June to September (water stress) and, thereafter, 50% evapotranspiration replacement) and (5) rainfed (no irrigation during the year).

Effect of food supplementation on embryo production and growth performance in prepubertal Nelore heifers.

embryos production from prepubertal heifers can help contribute to breeding programs; however, strategies are necessary to increase their embryo production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two nutritional plans on oocyte recovery, embryo production and growth performance of prepubertal Nelore heifers. Thirty-four Nelore heifers with age of 6.

"Effects of soil management, rotation and sequence of crops on soil nitrous oxide emissions in the Cerrado: A multi-factor assessment".

The emission of nitrous oxide (NO), one of the main greenhouse gases, which contributes significantly to global warming, is a major challenge in modern agriculture. The effects of land use systems on NO emissions are the result of multiple variables, whose interactions need to be better understood. In this sense, this study analyzed the possible effects of different soil managements, crop rotations and sequences, as well as edaphoclimatic factors causing NO emissions from soils in the Cerrado biome (scrubland).

Nitrogen Use Efficiency in an Agrisilviculture System with in the Cerrado Region.

Gliricidia () is a tree legume that has great potential for use in agriculture because of its multiple-use characteristics. However, there is little information in the literature about the effect of agrisilvicultural systems on nitrogen (N) cycling. This study evaluated the effect of densities of gliricidia on N cycling under an agrisilvicultural system.

Physiological Changes of Arabica Coffee under Different Intensities and Durations of Water Stress in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Coffee farmers have faced problems due to drought periods, with irrigation being necessary. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the responses to different levels and durations of water deficit in arabica coffee genotypes in the Cerrado region. The experiment consisted of three genotypes and five water regimes: full irrigation (FI 100 and FI 50-full irrigation with 100% and 50% replacement of evapotranspiration, respectively), water deficit (WD 100 and WD 50-water deficit from June to September, with 100% and 50% replacement of evapotranspiration, respectively) and rainfed (without irrigation).

Enzyme activities in a sandy soil of Western Bahia under cotton production systems: short-term effects, temporal variability, and the FERTBIO sample concept.

Enzyme activities (EAs) and the FERTBIO sample concept have been increasingly adopted as a novel approach to estimate the soil quality in Brazil. However, the performance of this strategy in sandy soils of the Cerrado biome remains unclear. During 2 years, in a Cerrado's sandy soil, the short-term effects of ten different cropping systems (conventional tillage or no-tillage associated with monoculture, rotations, and/or successions) on the activities of β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, and arylsulfatase were studied.

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil: the Big Outbreak Monitored by Light Traps.

The first detection of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil pointed to a gloomy future for South American agriculture in the 2012/2013 harvest, and insecticide sales increased exponentially during 2013 and 2014. However, after this outbreak, the population of this insect returned to manageable levels. This study documents data on H.

Effect of soil tillage and N fertilization on NO mitigation in maize in the Brazilian Cerrado.

The management system of soils and nitrogen application can cause impacts on the NO emissions produced by the agricultural sector. In the establishment of practices of greenhouse gas mitigation for this sector, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil tillage, with and without N fertilization, on NO emissions from Oxisols under rainfed maize in the Brazilian Cerrado region. The managements were of monoculture maize under conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT), with (1) and without (0) application of N fertilizer (0 and 257 kg N ha).

Use of trichostatin A alters the expression of HDAC3 and KAT2 and improves in vitro development of bovine embryos cloned using less methylated mesenchymal stem cells.

The aim of this work was to investigate the methylation and hydroxymethylation status of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from amniotic fluid (MSC-AF), adipose tissue (MSC-AT) and fibroblasts (FIB-control) and to verify the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on gene expression and development of cloned bovine embryos produced using these cells. Characterization of MSC from two animals (BOV1 and BOV2) was performed by flow cytometry, immunophenotyping and analysis of cellular differentiation genes expression. The cells were used in the nuclear transfer in the absence or presence of 50 nM TSA for 20 hr in embryo culture.

Relationships between soil organic matter pools and nitrous oxide emissions of agroecosystems in the Brazilian Cerrado.

In the Brazilian Cerrado, despite the increasing adoption of no-till systems, there are still extended areas under conventional soil management systems that reduce soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stocks and increase the emissions of greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide (NO). Conservation agroecosystems, such as no-till, have been proposed as a strategy to mitigate agriculture-induced climatic changes through reductions in NO emissions. However, the relationship between organic matter and NO emissions from soils under different agroecosystems is not yet clear.

Bioavailability assessment of metals from a nickel mining residue in the gastrointestinal tract of Oreochromis niloticus in vivo.

Mining to obtain ferronickel by the pyrometallurgical process involves a calcination stage that generates a highly metallic solid dust. This study evaluated the bioavailability of metals from calcination dust after being ingested by Oreochromis niloticus. Chemical analysis was performed on the whole body and histological analysis was performed on the gills and gastrointestinal tract of fish to evaluate potential bioaccumulation.

[Occurrence of child abuse: knowledge and possibility of action of speech-language pathologists].

Background: This work presents the results of an epidemiological survey about the professional experience of Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) with children and adolescents who are victims of domestic violence.

Aim: To understand the occurrence of child abuse and neglect of children and adolescents treated by speech-language pathologists, characterizing the victims according to: most affected age group, gender, form of violence, aggressor, most frequent speech-language complaint, how the abuse was identified and follow-up.

Method: 500 self-administered mail surveys were sent to a random sample of professional living in Rio de Janeiro.