Alterations of Spontaneous Cortical and Subcortical Activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without Depression.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with depression have a higher risk of complications and mortality than T2DM without depression. However, the exact neuropathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. Consequently, the current study aimed to investigate the alteration of cortical and subcortical spontaneous neural activity in T2DM patients with and without depression.

Emergence of H5N8 avian influenza virus in domestic geese in a wild bird habitat, Yishui Lake, north central China.

• H5N8 viruses emerged in the wild bird habitat at Yishui Lake. • The homology between HG12 and a Russian human strain was over 99%. • HG12 can be transmitted through direct contact between guinea pigs.

The intestinal absorption mechanism of chicoric acid and its bioavailability improvement with chitosan.

Chicoric acid (CA), an active phenolic acid of , has been demonstrated to exhibit antioxidative, antiviral and immunological activities. A prior study showed that CA is a water-soluble compound with low bioavailability. The current study was performed to study the intestinal absorption mechanism of CA and improve its bioavailability using natural biodegradable chitosan.

Development of a molecularly imprinted microspheres-based microplate fluorescence method for detection of amantadine and rimantadine in chicken.

In this study, molecularly imprinted microspheres of a type capable of recognising amantadine and rimantadine were first synthesised, and three fluorescent tracers based on dansyl chloride, fluorescein isothiocyanate and 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine were also synthesised. These reagents were used to develop and optimise a direct competitive fluorescence method on conventional 96-well microplate for detection of the two analytes. Results showed that this method achieved simple operation procedure, rapid assay process (30 min), high sensitivity (limits of detection 0.

Production of generic monoclonal antibody and development of chemiluminescence immunoassay for determination of 32 sulfonamides in chicken muscle.

A hapten of sulfabenzamide was first synthesized to generate a monoclonal antibody that simultaneously recognized 32 sulfonamides. The computational simulation showed that the 3D conformation, molecular bend angle, molecular volume, electronic charge of core structure of these drugs all showed influences on the antibody binding. The antibody was combined with a heterologous enzyme-labeled hapten to develop a direct competitive chemiluminescence enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for determination of the 32 sulfonamides in chicken muscle sample.

A microtitre chemiluminescence sensor for detection of pyrethroids based on dual-dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer and computational simulation.

The residues of pyrethroids in foods of animal origin are dangerous to the consumers, so this study presented a chemiluminescence sensor for determination of pyrethroids in chicken samples. A dual-dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer capable of recognizing 10 pyrethroids was synthesized. The results of computation simulation showed that the specific 3D conformations of the templates had important influences on the polymer' recognition ability.

Determination of sulfonamides in meat with dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer-based chemiluminescence sensor.

In this study, a molecularly imprinted polymer capable of recognizing 15 sulfonamides was first synthesized with sulfabenz as the dummy template. The calculation results from computation simulation showed that the specific 3D conformation of the template had an important influence on the polymer's recognition ability. Then, the polymer was used as recognition reagent to prepare a chemiluminescence sensor on a conventional 96-well microplate for the determination of the residues of 15 sulfonamides in meat (chicken and pork).

Detection of chloramphenicol in meat with a chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer platform based on molecularly imprinted graphene.

In this study, a novel composite was synthesized by polymerizing the dummy-template molecularly imprinted microspheres on the surface of magnetic graphene. This composite was used as recognition reagent and energy acceptor to develop a platform for determination of chloramphenicol according to the principle of chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer. The light signal was induced with luminolHO4-(imidazole-1-yl)phenol system, and the chemiluminescence intensity was positively correlated with the analyte concentration.

Dummy molecularly imprinted polymer based microplate chemiluminescence sensor for one-step detection of Sudan dyes in egg.

The objective of this study is to report a molecularly imprinted polymer-based chemiluminescence method for determination of Sudan dyes. A dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymer capable of recognizing seven Sudan dyes was first synthesized and its recognition mechanism was studied by using computation simulation method. The polymer was coated in the wells of conventional microplate to prepare a chemiluminescence sensor and the assay process consisted of only one sample-loading step prior to signal acquisition.

Detection of chloramphenicol in chicken, pork and fish with a molecularly imprinted polymer-based microtiter chemiluminescence method.

In this study, 4-nitrotoluene (NT) was used as dummy template to synthesize a molecularly imprinted polymer that was highly specific for chloramphenicol. The polymer was coated in the wells of 96-well microplates as recognition reagent to develop a chemiluminescence method. The analyte solution and an enzyme-labelled hapten were added into the wells to perform competition, and the light signal was induced with a highly efficient luminol-HO-4-(imidazol-1-yl)phenol system.

Application of molecularly imprinted polymer based matrix solid phase dispersion for determination of fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines and sulfonamides in meat.

In this study, a type of novel mixed-template molecularly imprinted polymer was synthesized that was able to recognize 8 fluoroquinolones, 8 sulfonamides and 4 tetracyclines simultaneously with recoveries higher than 92%. Then the polymer was used to develop a matrix solid phase dispersion method for simultaneous extraction of the 20 drugs in pork followed by determination with ultra performance liquid chromatography. During the experiments, the MMIP amount, washing solvent and elution solvent were optimized respectively.

Dummy template molecularly imprinted polymer for solid phase extraction of phenothiazines in meat based on computational simulation.

The 3D structures of two dummy templates and four phenothiazine drugs were studied by using computational simulation method. Then the two dummy templates were used to synthesize two molecularly imprinted polymers respectively. Results showed that the recognition abilities of the two polymers were consistent with the theoretical calculation.

Validation of the association between PSMA6 -8 C/G polymorphism and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese Dongxiang and Han populations.

Objective: The aim of our study was to validate association between -8 C/G variant of PSMA6 gene and T2DM in Chinese Dongxiang and Han populations.

Method: We genotyped PSMA6 gene -8 C/G polymorphism in the control groups and T2DM groups in two populations from China using PCR-RFLP technique. Phenotypes and biochemical indicators were measured by biochemical technique.

Association of P213S polymorphism of the L-selectin gene with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Chinese population.

Aims: L-selectin belongs to selectin family of adhesion molecule and participates in the generation and development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the P213S polymorphism of L-selectin gene and T2D and insulin resistance in the Chinese population.

Methods: We genotyped P213S polymorphism in 801 patients with T2D and 834 healthy controls in the Chinese population using polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) technique.

[Association of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c genetic polymorphisms rs2297508 and rs11868035 with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Gansu Han and Dongxiang population].

Objective: To assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs2297508 and rs11868035 of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Han and Dongxiang populations in Gansu.

Methods: A total of 342 patients with T2DM and 343 healthy controls of Han ethnics and 218 patients with T2DM and 238 healthy controls of Dongxiang ethnics were enrolled during 2006 and 2009. Genotypes of rs2297508 and rs11868035 were determined by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (PCR-DHPLC).

Association of ghrelin Leu72Met polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese population.

Background: Ghrelin, a novel endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, is considered to implicate the development of the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The Leu72Met (+408C>A) polymorphism of the preproghrelin, has been linked to obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of ghrelin gene Leu72Met polymorphism and its association with the type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese population.

Multidetermination of four nitrofurans in animal feeds by a sensitive and simple enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

In this study, the polyclonal antibody against furazolidone was produced with furazolidone coupling to protein carriers by a diazotization method and glutaraldehyde reaction, respectively. The antibody obtained showed good specificity toward furazolidone and various cross-reactivity toward nitrofurantoin, nitrofurazone, and furaltadone. Then, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the antibody was first developed for multidetermination of four nitrofurans in animal feeds.

Evaluation of the association between retinal binding protein 4 polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes in Chinese by DHPLC.

Serum retinal binding protein 4 (RBP4) was recently described as a new liver- and adipocyte-derived signal that may contribute to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to test whether the RBP4 gene could be used as a genetic marker to predict the development of T2DM amongst the Chinese population of Han. For this study, a normal control group of 115 healthy subjects and an experimental group of 107 patients with T2DM were examined.

Association of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and blood lipid levels in Chinese population.

Aims: The sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c gene has been identified as a susceptibility gene in metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Previous studies suggest that SNP17 (rs2297508, exon18c and G952G) of SREBP-1c gene and a common SREBP-1c SNP6 (rs11868035) are associated with an increased risk of T2DM. The present study aimed to confirm the previously reported association in a Chinese population and to examine the two SREBP-1c SNPs for their associations with insulin resistance and blood lipid.