Publications by authors named "Ju-Han Kim"
Objective: The impact of renal function on revascularization outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and multivessel disease remains unclear. This study compared long-term outcomes of complete (CR) and incomplete revascularization (IR) in patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 or <60 mL/min/1.73 m METHODS: Using data from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institute of Health, 5962 patients (mean age: 65.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although potent P2Y inhibitors, such as ticagrelor and prasugrel, are standard treatment in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), evidence for their efficacy and safety compared with clopidogrel is limited in patients with AMI complicated by cardiogenic shock.
Methods: Among 28,949 patients from the nationwide pooled registry of KAMIR-NIH and KAMIR-V, a total of 1482 patients (5.1%) with AMI and cardiogenic shock who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention of the culprit vessel were selected.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly advanced research in oncology and are used to successfully treat patients with bladder cancer (BC). However, as the benefits of programmed death-1/ programmed death-ligand-1 blockade immunotherapy do not extend to all patients with BC, biomarkers are required to improve prognostic stratification. This study aims to identify reliable biomarkers to enhance the prediction of treatment outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) pose substantial public health issues, necessitating population-specific characterization due to variations in pharmacogenes. This study delineates the pharmacogenomic (PGx) landscape of the South Korean (SKR) population, focusing on 21 core pharmacogenes. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was conducted on 396 individuals, including 99 healthy volunteers, 95 patients with chronic diseases, 81 with colon cancer, 81 with breast cancer, and 40 with gastric cancer, to identify genotype-specific drug dosing recommendations.
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- Methotrexate (MTX) is the main treatment for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but some patients experience delayed clearance of high-dose MTX, leading to severe side effects.
- Whole-exome sequencing was conducted on 51 Korean pediatric ALL patients, analyzing 341 HD-MTX infusion data points to find genetic variants linked to delayed MTX clearance.
- Two specific genetic variants, rs1800956 and rs16954698, were identified as significantly associated with this delayed clearance, offering potential pathways to reduce toxic side effects through tailored treatments.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the link between myocardial bridging (MB) and coronary vasospasm (CVS), aiming to see if CVS worsens outcomes for patients with MB over the long term.
- - Researchers included 254 patients with MB, dividing them into two groups: those with CVS (168 patients) and those without (86 patients), and examined major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) over an average follow-up of 8.15 years.
- - Results showed that patients with CVS experienced significantly higher rates of MACEs (35.1%) compared to those without CVS (26.7%), indicating that CVS negatively impacts the clinical outcomes of MB patients, suggesting a need for further research.
Background: Despite increasing evidence on the benefits of statin therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), differential outcomes in accordance with statin intensity have not been evaluated in patients with AMI and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels < 55 mg/dL. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of high- and moderate-intensity statin therapy in this population.
Methods: A total of 752 participants with AMI and LDL-C levels < 55 mg/dL from a Korean nationwide multicenter observational cohort (2016-2020) were included and categorized into two groups: high-intensity statin group (n = 384) and moderate-intensity statin group (n = 368).
Article Synopsis
- * Results showed that during the first week, STEMI patients had a significantly higher mortality rate (4.62%) compared to NSTEMI patients (1.79%), but this trend reversed after the second week for men and the tenth week for women.
- * The research highlights the need for further studies to develop advanced risk prediction models based on time-point mortality outcomes, as different baseline variables influenced mortality rates over time.
Background And Objectives: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. Nicotine, a crucial constituent of tobacco, contributes to atherosclerosis development and progression. However, evidence of the association between nicotine and neointima formation is limited.
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- The study evaluated the relationship between coronary artery calcium (CAC) measured using AI and coronary flow capacity (CFC) to determine if CAC could serve as a prognostic indicator for cardiovascular events.
- Retrospective data from 289 patients who underwent PET scans showed significant negative correlations between AI-measured CAC and both stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) and CFC, with impaired CFC being more common in patients with higher CAC levels.
- Despite a higher incidence of major cardiovascular events among those with elevated AI-CAC scores, the analysis indicated that impaired CFC and other factors like diabetes and smoking had a stronger independent association with patient outcomes than AI-CAC itself.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the effects of clopidogrel and ticagrelor on bleeding and ischemia risks in elderly East Asian patients with diabetes and acute myocardial infarction who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention.
- It analyzed data from 838 patients over 75 years old, ultimately comparing 466 patients after matching for treatment type.
- Findings suggested that there was no significant difference in the incidence of severe bleeding or ischemia between those treated with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel, indicating the need for larger trials to find the best antiplatelet therapy for this group.
Article Synopsis
- Dyslipidemia, a key risk factor for heart attacks, has shown an increase in prevalence among Korean patients from 11.1% to 17.1% between 2011 and 2020 as this study explored trends in its management.
- Over the same period, there was a rise in statin prescriptions from 92.9% to 97.0%, with high-intensity statin use increasing dramatically and greater adoption of drugs like ezetimibe.
- Despite improvements in managing dyslipidemia, with more patients achieving lipid targets, ongoing efforts are crucial to further lower the risk of heart-related complications.*
Development and validation of next-generation sequencing panel for personalized eradication treatment targeting multiple species.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The study highlights the issue of decreasing eradication rates of infections due to antibiotic resistance and suggests that personalized treatment based on a patient's unique metabolic capabilities and antibiotic resistance could improve outcomes.
- - Researchers developed a targeted next-generation sequencing panel, NGS-PHET, to analyze antibiotic resistance variants and host metabolism, leading to tailored treatment recommendations for individual patients.
- - The results showed that personalized therapy recommendations matched actual eradication outcomes for nine out of twelve patients and demonstrated that this method can effectively address antibiotic-resistant strains in clinical and research settings.
Background: The prognostic implication of mildly reduced ejection fraction (mrEF) after acute myocardial infarction has not been clearly demonstrated. We investigated the long-term risk of cardiovascular death and its predictors in patients with mrEF following acute myocardial infarction.
Methods And Results: A total of 18 668 patients who presented with acute myocardial infarction were included in 2 prospective, multicenter registries.
Optimal timing of revascularization for patients who presented with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is unclear. A total of 386 NSTEMI patients with severe LV dysfunction from the nationwide, multicenter, and prospective Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry V (KAMIR-V) were enrolled. Severe LV dysfunction was defined as LV ejection fraction ≤ 35%.
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- * Twenty patients were enrolled, and results after 8 months showed minimal in-stent late lumen loss (0.7 mm) and complete stent strut coverage, indicating successful healing.
- * There were no adverse cardiovascular events reported within the same period, suggesting that the new stent design is safe and effective in treating coronary artery disease.
Background And Objectives: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) increases the risk of premature cardiovascular disease through disrupted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) metabolism. Although FH is a severe condition, it remains widely underdiagnosed, which can be attributed to barriers in genetic testing and a lack of awareness. This study aims to propose and evaluate a targeted screening program for FH in South Korea by integrating the General Health Screening Program (GHSP) with cascade genetic screening.
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- Researchers studied 861 patients with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) to understand how the timing of hospitalization affects mortality rates over two years.
- * They found that patients who presented late (after 12 or 24 hours) had a significantly higher risk of death compared to those who arrived early, with adjusted hazard ratios confirming this increased risk.
- * Factors such as being female, not using emergency services, and having high creatinine levels were linked to late presentation, indicating a need for better systems to minimize delays in seeking treatment.
Background: Older adults are at a higher risk of severe adverse drug events (ADEs) because of multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and lower physiological function. This study aimed to determine whether polypharmacy, defined as the use of ≥ 5 active drug ingredients, was associated with severe ADEs in this population.
Methods: We used ADE reports from the Korea Institute of Drug Safety and Risk Management-Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database, a national spontaneous ADE report system, from 2012 to 2021 to examine and compare the strength of association between polypharmacy and severe ADEs in older adults (≥ 65 years) and younger adults (20-64 years) using disproportionality analysis.
Article Synopsis
- Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is prevalent in Korean pig farms, with a farm-level seroprevalence of 68.6%, indicating ongoing circulation of the virus since its identification in 1997.
- In samples from seropositive farms, PRCV RNA was detected in 28.3% of oral fluid samples, while no TGEV RNA was found, highlighting the focus on PRCV.
- Genetic analysis of Korean PRCV strains revealed high homology among them and suggested a European origin due to a significant amino acid deletion, indicating that Korean PRCVs have evolved independently from American strains.
Background: Securing adequate data privacy is critical for the productive utilization of data. De-identification, involving masking or replacing specific values in a dataset, could damage the dataset's utility. However, finding a reasonable balance between data privacy and utility is not straightforward.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study investigated the optimal timing for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with NSTEMI complicated by heart failure (HF).
Methods: In total, 762 patients with NSTEMI and HF in a multicenter, prospective registry in South Korea were classified according to the Killip classification (Killip class 2, n = 414 and Killip class 3, n = 348) and underwent early (within 24 h) and delayed (after 24 h) PCI. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality which was further analyzed with landmark analysis with two months as a cut-off.
The nomenclature of star alleles has been widely used in pharmacogenomics to enhance treatment outcomes, predict drug response variability, and reduce adverse reactions. However, the discovery of numerous rare functional variants through genome sequencing introduces complexities into the star-allele system. This study aimed to assess the nature and impact of the rapid discovery of numerous rare functional variants in the traditional haplotype-based star-allele system.
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