Publications by authors named "Ju Sun Heo"

Objective Accurate and timely interpretation of chest radiographs is essential for assessing respiratory distress and guiding clinical management to improve outcomes of critically ill newborns. This study aimed to introduce a deep learning-based automated algorithm designed to classify various neonatal respiratory diseases and healthy lungs using a large dataset of high-quality, multi-class labeled chest X-ray images from neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Methods Portable supine chest X-ray images for six common conditions (healthy lung, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN), air leak syndrome (ALS), atelectasis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)) and demographic variables (gestational age and birth weight) were retrospectively collected from 10 university hospitals in Korea.

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Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prophylaxis using palivizumab effectively reduces RSV-associated morbidity in preterm infants. In Korea, national insurance coverage for palivizumab was implemented in October 2016 for moderate-to-late preterm (MLPT) infants born during the RSV season (October-March) who have older siblings. However, no large-scale studies have investigated the changes in the incidence and risk of severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) after insurance coverage implementation for MLPT infants.

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Despite neonatal intensive care advancements and quality improvements, preterm infants often experience delays in speech and language development during early childhood. The etiological pathway of language delays is multifactorial, including younger gestational age at birth, male sex, pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia, organic pathology from neonatal morbidities, environmental factors of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and prolonged hospitalization, home environment including socioeconomic status and parental education, and parent-infant interactions. As early language experiences and environments are crucial for the development of language processing, strategies to support language development should be implemented from the NICU onward.

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Preterm birth (PTB) is one of the most common and serious complications of pregnancy, leading to mortality and severe morbidities that can impact lifelong health. PTB could be associated with various maternal medical condition and dental status including periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to identify major predictors of PTB among clinical and dental variables using machine learning methods.

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Article Synopsis
  • South Korea introduced a combined vaccine for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and type b invasive infections (DTaP-IPV/Hib) for infants starting at 2 months old in 2018, and a study evaluated its safety from 2018 to 2022.
  • In total, 646 out of 660 infants were monitored for 30 days after vaccination, and 22.1% experienced adverse events (AEs), primarily mild issues like fever, injection site swelling, and irritability.
  • The study found that most AEs were not serious, with very few leading to serious adverse events (SAEs), confirming that the DTaP-IPV/H
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Objective: To assess the relationship between breastfeeding and the risk of developing nephrotic syndrome using a population-based nationwide birth cohort in Korea.

Study Design: This nationwide cohort study utilized data from the National Health Information Database and the National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children. The study included all children born between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, who underwent their first health screening, which included a specific questionnaire on breastfeeding between 4 and 6 months of age.

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Background/aim: The survival of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) has dramatically improved over recent decades. However, a disparity exists depending on the country and medical system. This study aimed to analyze the survival of infants with CHD until the age of 18 years using large-scale population data in South Korea and investigate the effect of neonatal conditions at birth.

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Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in offspring are associated with a complex combination of pre-and postnatal factors. This study uses machine learning and population data to evaluate the association between prepregnancy or perinatal risk factors and the NDD of offspring. Population-based retrospective cohort data were obtained from Korea National Health Insurance Service claims data for 209,424 singleton offspring and their mothers who gave birth for the first time in 2007.

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  • The study investigates the link between periodontitis and preterm birth (PTB) by comparing the oral microbiome of mothers with full-term births (FTB) and those with PTB, focusing on subgingival plaque samples.
  • Results showed that higher gingival inflammation (measured by the modified gingival index) significantly correlates with PTB, suggesting that gum health might affect pregnancy outcomes.
  • Microbiome analyses revealed notable differences in the microbial composition of mothers with PTB versus FTB, particularly among those with high inflammation, indicating that specific bacteria may play a role in the risk for preterm delivery.
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Background: Vitamin D is essential for bone health and immune system. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) poses a high-risk to very preterm (VP) infants. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with VDD in VP infants and its potential clinical outcomes.

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Objective: To determine perinatal risk factors for Massive pulmonary hemorrhage (MPH) and MPH-caused mortality to guide clinicians in implementing preventive measures at the beginning of life for improving the survival of very low birth weight infant (VLBWIs).

Study Design: A total of 13,826 VLBWIs born between 2013 and 2020 in the Korean Neonatal Network database were included.

Results: MPH occurred in 870 (6.

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Considerable evidence has been published since the 2020 Korean Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guidelines were reported. The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) also publishes the Consensus on CPR and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations (CoSTR) summary annually. This review provides expert opinions by reviewing the recent evidence on CPR and ILCOR treatment recommendations.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study analyzed risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in very low birth weight infants using a national database of over 10,000 infants.
  • Various machine learning models, including logistic regression and random forest, were employed to identify key predictors, achieving high accuracy rates.
  • Major predictors of NEC included factors like birth weight, maternal age, gestational age, and ambient temperature during birth year.
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This study aimed to analyze major predictors of adverse birth outcomes in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants including particulate matter concentration (PM), using machine learning and the national prospective cohort. Data consisted of 10,423 VLBW infants from the Korean Neonatal Network database during January 2013-December 2017. Five adverse birth outcomes were considered as the dependent variables, i.

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Objective: This study systematically analyzed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and vaccination details during pregnancy by using the national health insurance claims data.

Methods: Population-based retrospective cohort data of 12,399,065 women aged 15-49 years were obtained from the Korea National Health Insurance Service claims database between 2019 and 2021. Univariate analysis was performed to compare the obstetric outcomes of pregnant women (ICD-10 O00-O94) and their newborns (ICD-10 P00-P96) with and without COVID-19.

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Background: Although the benefits of breastfeeding are broadly acknowledged with the efforts of the government and several medical societies, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding through 6 months is lower in Korea than in developed countries.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate pediatricians' perceptions of breastfeeding barriers and the current breastfeeding counseling environment and propose government policies to encourage breastfeeding in Korea.

Methods: Fourteen survey questions were developed during meetings of Korean Society of Breastfeeding Medicine experts.

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Background: Human breast milk is essential and provides irreplaceable nutrients for early humans. However, breastfeeding is not easy for various reasons in medical institution environments. Therefore, in order to improve the breastfeeding environment, we investigated the difficult reality of breastfeeding through questionnaire responses from medical institution workers.

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The recent re-emergence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and rickets among breastfed infants without adequate sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation has been reported worldwide. Breastfed infants are particularly vulnerable to VDD because of the low vitamin D content of breast milk, restricted sunlight exposure, increased pollution, and limited natural dietary sources of vitamin D. The prevalence of VDD in breastfed infants differs vastly between studies and nations at 0.

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  • The study aimed to evaluate how effective direct swallowing training (DST) and its combination with oral sensorimotor stimulation (OSMS) were in improving oral feeding abilities in very preterm infants who were previously dependent on tube feeding.
  • Conducted as a randomized controlled trial in a South Korean neonatal intensive care unit, the trial included preterm infants born at less than 32 weeks gestation and measured the time taken for them to begin independent oral feeding (IOF).
  • Results showed that the combination of DST and OSMS significantly reduced the time to reach IOF compared to the control group, while DST alone did not show any notable benefits, indicating that combining these two interventions may enhance feeding capabilities in very preterm infants.
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Background: To investigate postnatal growth patterns and their relationship with the neurodevelopment of preterm infants born small for gestational age (SGA).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 90 infants born SGA with a birthweight <1500 g or gestational age <32 weeks. Length, weight, and head circumference (HC) were recorded at birth, 35 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA), 40 weeks PMA, and 4, 9, and 18 months corrected age (CA).

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Increased survival in the very preterm population results in a higher risk of developing neurodevelopmental and behavioral disabilities among survivors. We examined the outcomes of very preterm infants and parents after a preventive intervention program of four home visits by a specialized nurse, 5 days, 2 weeks, and 1 month after discharge, respectively, and at CA 2 months, followed by up to 12 times of group sessions between CA 3 and 6 months. Our multicenter randomized controlled trial assessed 138 preterm infants (gestational age ≤30 weeks or birth weight ≤1500 g) enrolled from the three participating hospitals.

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The preterm-born adult population is ever increasing following improved survival rates of premature births. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate long-term effects of preterm birth on renal function in preterm-born survivors. We searched PubMed and EMBASE to identify studies that compared renal function in preterm-born survivors and full-term-born controls, published until 2 February 2019.

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It is well known that periodontitis, diagnosed mainly by periodontal probing, is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, periodontal probing is time-consuming, highly discomforting, inaccurate, and invasive. We aimed to assess whether periodontitis severity based on radiological staging in accordance with the 2017 new consensus classification was related to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

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Synopsis of recent research by authors named "Ju Sun Heo"

  • - Ju Sun Heo's research primarily focuses on maternal and infant health, employing machine learning and population-based studies to uncover predictors of various conditions, including preterm birth, neurodevelopmental delays, and vitamin D deficiency in infants.
  • - Recent findings highlight the role of maternal dental health, specifically periodontitis, as a potential risk factor for preterm birth, as well as significant associations between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of childhood nephrotic syndrome.
  • - Heo has also conducted safety surveillance for combined pediatric vaccinations, contributing to the understanding of vaccine-related adverse events in South Korean infants and examining survival rates and risk factors associated with congenital heart disease.

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