Novel-designed antimicrobial peptides with dual antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions against Cutibacterium acnes for acne vulgaris therapy.

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent skin condition among adolescents, primarily instigated by over-colonization and subsequent inflammation triggered by Cutibacterium acnes. Although topical and oral antibiotics are standard treatments, they often lead to the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and are associated with undesirable side effects. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered a promising solution to these challenges.

Bark Downregulates the Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Human Endothelial Cell Lines and Relaxes Blood Vessels in Rat Aortic Rings.

The incidence of cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, is increasing worldwide, owing to population aging and irregular lifestyle habits. Previous studies have reported the vasorelaxant effects of bark methanol extract. However, various solvent extracts of bark and their vascular relaxation mechanisms have not been sufficiently studied.

Rainbow trout DUBA inhibits type I interferon signaling by deubiquitinating TRAF3.

Deubiquitinating enzyme A (DUBA), a member of the ovarian tumor (OTU) subfamily of deubiquitinases (DUBs), is recognized for its negative regulatory role in type I interferon (IFN) expression downstream of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). However, its involvement in the TLR3 signaling pathway in fish remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of DUBA (OmDUBA) in the TLR3 response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Identification of marker compounds in fermented and validation of the method for its analysis.

Fermentation is a process that improves health functionality by inducing the production and increase of bioactive compounds. In this study, to standardize the fermentation process for , marker compounds that are increased or produced during fermentation were identified based on UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Analysis method verification and content analysis were conducted using HPLC-PDA.

Novel Genetically Engineered Probiotics for Targeted Elimination of in Intestinal Colonization.

The intestinal carriage rates of are notably elevated in immunosuppressed individuals and hospitalized patients, increasing the risk of infection and antibiotic-associated diarrhea. A potential solution to this issue lies in autonomous antibacterial therapy, remaining inactive until a pathogen is detected, and releasing antibacterial compounds on demand to eliminate the pathogen. This study focuses on the development of genetically engineered probiotics capable of detecting and eradicating by producing and secreting PA2-GNU7, a -selective antimicrobial peptide (AMP), triggered by the presence of quorum-sensing molecule -(3-oxododecanoyl)--homoserine lactone (3OCHSL).

Semi-Biosynthetic Production of Surface-Binding Adhesive Antimicrobial Peptides Using Intein-Mediated Protein Ligation.

Microbial infections remain a global health concern, calling for the urgent need to implement effective prevention measures. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been extensively studied as potential antimicrobial coating agents. However, an efficient and economical method for AMP production is lacking.

Rainbow trout USP4 downregulates LPS-induced inflammation by removing the K63-linked ubiquitin chain on TAK1.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) is pivotal in negatively regulating the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling-mediated innate immune response. Although USP4 has been well studied in mammals, its role in TLR signaling pathways in fish remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of USP4 (OmUSP4) in regulating TLR response in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.

A Novel Peptide as a Specific and Selective Probe for Detection.

is infamous for generating hospital-acquired infections, many of which are difficult to treat due to the bacterium's multidrug resistance. A sensitive and robust detection method of can help prevent a disease outbreak. Herein, we used cells as bait to screen a commercially available phage-displayed random peptide library for peptides that could be used to detect .

Adhesive Antimicrobial Peptides Containing 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-Phenylalanine Residues for Direct One-Step Surface Coating.

Bacterial colonization and transmission via surfaces increase the risk of infection. In this study, we design and employ novel adhesive antimicrobial peptides to prevent bacterial contamination of surfaces. Repeats of 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (DOPA) were added to the C-terminus of NKC, a potent synthetic antimicrobial peptide, and the adhesiveness and antibacterial properties of the resulting peptides are evaluated.

A20 Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammation by Regulating TRAF6 Polyubiquitination in Rainbow Trout.

The ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20 is known to inhibit the NF-κB transcription factor in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways, thereby negatively regulating inflammation. However, its role in the TLR signaling pathway in fish is still largely unknown. Here, we identified a gene encoding A20 (OmA20) in rainbow trout, , and investigated its role in TLR response regulation.

Enhancement of Immune Activities of Mixtures with Nakai and var. .

The objective of the present study was to develop a concoction of natural products that could dramatically improve immune function with minimal possible side effects. Nakai and var. are plants that are native to Jeju Island, Korea and are known to be rich in physiologically active substances.

Comparative Analysis of the Nutritional Components and Antioxidant Activities of Different Cultivars.

The purpose of this study was to compare the nutritional components and antioxidant activities of two different cultivars of (Dolsan, Yeosu, Korea (BJD) and (Jeongseon, Gangwon, Korea (BJJ)). We investigated the proximate composition (moisture, crude ash, crude protein and crude lipid), antioxidant activities (2,2-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)), total phenol content, total flavonoid content and sinigrin content by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Our results show that the proximate compositions of BJD and BJJ were not significantly different.

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of deubiquitinase CYLD in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD) inhibits MAPK and NF-κB activation pathways by deubiquitinating upstream regulatory factors. Although CYLD has been identified and actively studied in mammals, nothing is known about its putative function in fish. In this study, we identified the gene encoding CYLD (OmCYLD) from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and examined its role during pathogenic infections.

Development of a novel hybrid antimicrobial peptide for targeted killing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, coupled with shrinking antibiotic pipelines, has increased the demand for new antimicrobials with novel mechanisms of action. As the indiscriminate nature of broad-spectrum antimicrobial toxicity may have negative clinical consequences and increase the incidence of resistance, we have developed a P. aeruginosa-selective antimicrobial peptide capable of preferentially killing P.

Anti-Obesity Effect of Extract from L., L., and Mixture in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and C57BL/6J Obese Mice.

The antioxidant and anti-adipogenic activities of a mixture of L., L., and were investigated and their anti-obesity activities were established in vitro and .

Antidiabetic effect of an extract of nutricultured containing vanadium from a Jeju water concentrate.

The purpose of this study was to determine the antidiabetic effect of an extract of nutricultured containing vanadium (BECV). The BECV was prepared following nutriculture of with a Jeju water vanadium concentrate for 7 day. The BECV was administered to mice for 8 weeks at different dosages (0.

Protective effects of citrus based mixture drinks (CBMDs) on oxidative stress and restraint stress.

In the current study investigated the protective effects of citrus based mixture drinks (CBMDs) using oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells and restraint-stressed rats. The CBMDs contained citrus bioflavonoids including narirutin and hesperidin. The cell viability of HDF cells treated with HO was observed at 53.

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of TRAF6 and TAK1 in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

TRAF6 and TAK1 are known to play important roles in vertebrate innate immunity as molecular bridge, linking upstream toll-like receptors (TLRs) with the downstream MAPK and NF-κB signalling pathways. However, their roles in TLR signalling pathway have yet to be fully described in fish. Here we identified genes encoding TRAF6 (OmTRAF6) and TAK1 (OmTAK1) from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and examined their roles during pathogenic infections.

Toxicological Evaluation of Brassica napus Extract Containing Vanadium, Nutricultured in Jeju Water.

This study evaluated the mutagenicity and acute toxicity of the juice extract of nutricultured Brassica napus containing vanadium (BECV). The BECV was prepared by nutriculture for 7 days in Jeju water containing vanadium. The mutagenic effects of BECV were investigated using the bacterial reverse mutation test, chromosome aberration test, and micronucleus test.

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of peptidoglycan recognition protein OmPGRP-L2 from the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs), a group of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), are innate immune molecules that are structurally conserved through evolution in both invertebrate and vertebrate animals. In teleost fish, several PGRPs have been characterized recently. They have both amidase activity and bactericidal activity and are involved in indirectly killing bacteria and regulating multiple signaling pathways.

Anti-Photoaging Effect of Jeju Putgyul (Unripe Citrus) Extracts on Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Ultraviolet B-induced Hairless Mouse Skin.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation stimulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and inflammatory cytokines. These signaling pathways participate in the degradation of the extracellular matrix and induce inflammatory responses that lead to photoaging. This study evaluated the antioxidant activity and the effect on MMPs and procollagen of putgyul extract in vitro.

Suppressive Effect of the n-Hexane Extract of Fruit Flesh on Monosodium-Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats.

We examined the antiosteoarthritic effect of the n-hexane extract of fruit flesh (LJF-HE) in a rat model of monosodium-iodoacetate- (MIA-) induced osteoarthritis. LJF-HE significantly reduced the difference in weight-bearing capabilities of the hind paws between healthy and MIA-treated rats. Histological examination of the knee joints indicated that LJF-HE suppressed cartilage and bone destruction.

PGRP negatively regulates NOD-mediated cytokine production in rainbow trout liver cells.

Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) initiate innate immunity via pathogen recognition. Recent studies suggest that signalling pathways downstream of different PRRs and their crosstalk effectively control immune responses. However, the cross-regulation among PRRs and its effects have yet to be fully described in fish.

Enhancement of the antimicrobial activity and selectivity of GNU7 against Gram-negative bacteria by fusion with LPS-targeting peptide.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) provide a potential source of new antimicrobial therapeutics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogens. To develop Gram-negative selective AMPs that can inhibit the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis, we added various rationally designed LPS-targeting peptides [amino acids 28-34 of lactoferrin (Lf28-34), amino acids 84-99 of bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI84-99), and de novo peptide (Syn)] to the potent AMP, GNU7 (RLLRPLLQLLKQKLR). Compared to our original starting peptide GNU7, hybrid peptides had an 8- to 32-fold improvement in antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.

Molecular cloning and functional analysis of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

NOD1 has important roles in innate immunity as sensor of microbial components derived from bacterial peptidoglycan. In this study, we identified genes encoding components of the NOD1 signaling pathway, including NOD1 (OmNOD1) and RIP2 (OmRIP2) from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and investigated whether OmNOD1 has immunomodulating activity in a rainbow trout hepatoma cell line RTH-149 treated with NOD1-specific ligand (iE-DAP). The deduced amino acid sequence of OmNOD1 contained conserved CARD, NOD and LRR domains.