Gender differences in susceptibility to smoking among patients with lung cancer.

Background/aims: To determine whether female smokers are more or less susceptible to the detrimental pulmonary-function effects of smoking when compared to male smokers among patients with lung cancer.

Methods: Pack-years and pulmonary function indices were compared between 1,594 men and women with lung cancer who were smokers or had a history of smoking. Differences in individual susceptibility to smoking were estimated using a susceptibility index formula.

Switchable redox activity by proton fuelled DNA nano-machines.

The switching electrochemical property of an SWNT/DNA hybrid can be produced through reversible conformational changes between the closed and open state originating from the pH-responding i-motif DNA which significantly improves its molecular switching and stability by hydrophobic interactions with SWNTs.