Using a social-ecological framework to examine the cognitive development of elementary school children in the U.S.

This study investigated the cognitive development of elementary school children by identifying significant factors within a social-ecological framework. By studying the association between social-ecological factors and children's cognitive development, we identified the most significant factors that are linked to children's cognitive outcomes. We used the 5th wave (9 years old) of the U.

Observer-Based Secure Consensus for Multiagent Systems Under Multimode DoS Attacks With Application to Power System.

This article studies the secure leader-follower consensus of nonlinear multiagent systems under multimode Denial-of-Service attacks. According to the topology characteristics after attacks, three kinds of different attack modes are introduced. Moreover, the common zero-topology attack is encompassed within the multimode attacks considered in this article.

Dynamic Protocol-Based Control for Hidden Stochastic Jump Multiarea Power Systems in Finite-Time Interval.

A dynamic event-triggered load frequency control (LFC) is studied for interconnected multiarea power systems (IMAPSs) with stochastic semi-Markov parameters from the perspective of finite-time interval. To facilitate the sudden changes, the underlying semi-Markov process (SMP) is adopted to characterize the random behavior of IMAPSs. A dynamic event-triggered protocol (DETP) is developed to modulate the transmission frequency while maintaining predefined system performance.

Membership-Functions-Dependent Resilient Hybrid-Triggered Passivity Control for Networked Fuzzy Systems Against Deception Attacks.

In this work, membership-functions-dependent resilient hybrid-triggered (HT) passivity control is considered for networked fuzzy systems against deception attacks. To mitigate the transmission burden and enhance resilience to attacks, a resilient membership-functions-dependent HT mechanism is proposed that considers the properties of a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model. The presented HT strategy incorporates membership functions to generalize the HT threshold and weighting matrices.

Robust Output Regulation of Uncertain Singular Linear Systems Subject to Input Saturation and DoS Attacks.

This article delves into the semi-global robust output regulation of uncertain singular linear systems subject to input saturation and denial-of-services (DoSs) attacks. In the event of a DoS attack, the communication channel between the plant and the controller is blocked. To address the input saturation nonlinearity and to enhance robustness against uncertainty and Dos attacks, a post-processing internal model-based robust output feedback regulator is proposed.

Success rates comparison of endodontic microsurgery and single implants with comprehensive and explicit criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: While the success criteria of endodontic microsurgery (EMS) have been consistently defined and widely accepted, the success criteria of dental implants are outdated and focus only on the implant fixture and surrounding bone. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of EMS and single implants (SIs) with explicit criteria.

Methods: We searched for articles published from January 2010 to February 2022 and discussed them and consulted with a clinical advisory committee composed of four dental specialists and one epidemiologist during article selection and data extraction.

Clinical Efficacy of Sialendoscopy-Assisted Stone Removal for Non-Palpable Hilar and Intraglandular Submandibular Sialoliths.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of sialendoscopy in retrieving non-palpable submandibular stones located in the hilum or deeper parenchyma compared to traditional non-endoscopic transoral stone removal techniques.

Methods: Seventy patients with non-palpable submandibular hilar or intraparenchymal stones underwent sialendoscopy-assisted stone removal (SASR). Seventeen patients with hilar stones treated with non-endoscopic transoral stone removal (TOSR) were the control group.

Novel approach to upcycling food processing biomass: development of rice snacks using rice bran emulsifier.

This study addresses the need for innovative approaches to upcycling rice bran as a biomass resource. A novel upcycling ingredient derived from rice bran was developed, and its application in the production of rice crackers with enhanced texture was explored. The effects of different emulsifier types and concentrations on the texture, flavor, and overall quality of rice crackers-by influencing the uniformity of oil and moisture in the formulation-were confirmed through systematic analytical methods.

UHPLC-HRMS/MS-Based Metabolic Profiling and Quantification of Phytochemicals in Different Parts of (L.) Voigt.

(L.) Voigt (), a member of the Cucurbitaceae family, is recognized for its phytochemicals that possess antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, along with a wide array of nutritional and health-promoting benefits. However, a comprehensive investigation of the phytochemical profiles and biologically active constituents in different parts of has not yet been reported.

A novel zonotopic Kalman filter-based actuator fault detection for time delay systems.

This paper addresses the problems of state estimation and actuator fault diagnosis in linear discrete time delay systems with actuator faults, and a zonotopic Kalman filter-based actuator fault detection (Z-KF-AFD) algorithm is proposed. First, the relationship between faults and states is calculated by approximating small-range noise. Next, by wrapping non-zero initial states with delays and zero initial faults within a zonotopic set, the zonotopic Kalman filter (ZKF) is iteratively derived to establish the association between current and delayed data.

Gold Kiwi-Derived Nanovesicles Mitigate Ultraviolet-Induced Photoaging and Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) play a crucial role in bone formation through their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts. Aging, however, detrimentally affects the differentiation and proliferation capacities of BM-MSCs, consequently impairing bone regeneration. Thus, mitigating the aging effects on BM-MSCs is vital for addressing bone-related pathologies.

Event-based adaptive fixed-time optimal control for saturated fault-tolerant nonlinear multiagent systems via reinforcement learning algorithm.

This article investigates the problem of adaptive fixed-time optimal consensus tracking control for nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) affected by actuator faults and input saturation. To achieve optimal control, reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm which is implemented based on neural network (NN) is employed. Under the actor-critic structure, an innovative simple positive definite function is constructed to obtain the upper bound of the estimation error of the actor-critic NN updating law, which is crucial for analyzing fixed-time stabilization.

Schottky barrier memory based on heterojunction bandgap engineering for high-density and low-power retention.

Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) has been scaled down to meet high-density, high-speed, and low-power memory requirements. However, conventional DRAM has limitations in achieving memory reliability, especially sufficient capacitance to distinguish memory states. While there have been attempts to enhance capacitor technology, these solutions increase manufacturing cost and complexity.

Skin Hydration Measurement: Comparison Between Devices and Clinical Evaluations.

Background: The need for an objective method for measuring skin hydration levels is becoming increasingly important. Various devices with different measuring principles for assessing skin hydration have been developed and are widely used.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the reproducibility and correlation between clinical evaluation and skin hydration measurement devices that are the most widely used in the field.

Secure Control for Markov Jump Cyber-Physical Systems Subject to Malicious Attacks: A Resilient Hybrid Learning Scheme.

This article focuses on solving the secure control problem by developing a novel resilient hybrid learning scheme for discrete-time Markov jump cyber-physical systems with malicious attacks. Within the zero-sum game framework, the secure control problem is converted into solving a set of game coupled algebraic Riccati equations. However, it contains the coupling terms arising from the Markov jump parameters, which are difficult to solve.

Ultrahigh Stability and Operation Performance in Bi-doped GeTe/SbTe Superlattices Achieved by Tailoring Bonding and Structural Properties.

Changes in bond types and the reversible switching process between metavalent and covalent bonds are related to the operating mechanism of the phase-change (PC) behavior. Thus, controlling the bonding characteristics is the key to improving the PC memory performance. In this study, we have controlled the bonding characteristics of GeTe/SbTe superlattices (SLs) via bismuth (Bi) doping.

Low-energy and tunable LIF neuron using SiGe bandgap-engineered resistive switching transistor.

We have proposed leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron having low-energy consumption and tunable functionality without external circuit components. Our LIF neuron has a simple configuration consisting of only three components: one bandgap-engineered resistive switching transistor (BE-RST), one capacitor, and one resistor. Here, the crucial point is that BE-RST with a silicon-germanium heterojunction possesses an amplified hysteric current switching with a low latch-up voltage due to improved hole storage capability and impact ionization coefficient.

Percolative Metal Microweb-Based Flexible Lithium-Ion Battery with Fast Charging and High Energy Density.

Flexible and high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) encounter challenges due to the inherent trade-offs in conventional electrode designs, particularly concerning mechanical flexibility and high energy density. Here, a novel percolative metal microweb-based electrode, fabricated via electrohydrodynamic processes, yielding a three-dimensional (3D) network structure with exceptional electrical properties and mechanical durability is introduced. This lightweight electrode design addresses the need for improved energy density by reducing the weight of the current collector, which typically accounts for more than 10% of the battery's weight.

Reinforcement Learning-Based Predefined-Time Tracking Control for Nonlinear Systems Under Identifier-Critic-Actor Structure.

A novel reinforcement learning-based predefined-time tracking control scheme with prescribed performance is presented in this article for nonlinear systems in the presence of external disturbances. First, by employing the backstepping strategy, an adaptive optimized controller is developed under the identifier-critic-actor framework. Therein, the unknown nonlinear dynamics and the system control behavior can be learned effectively through neural networks.

Comprehensive molecular characterization of TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma.

TFE3-rearranged renal cell cancer (tRCC) is a rare form of RCC that involves chromosomal translocation of the Xp11.2 TFE3 gene. Despite its early onset and poor prognosis, the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of tRCC remain elusive.

MPC-Based Asynchronous Attack Tolerant Control for Uncertain Markov Jump Cyber-Physical Systems.

The model predictive control (MPC)-based asynchronous attack tolerant control scheme is investigated in this article for uncertain Markov jump cyber-physical systems (MJCPSs) under the Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack. To tackle the problem of the system running mode may not be observed in the control center, an asynchronous model predictive controller is proposed. Specifically, a dynamic controller, which can tune the performance online, is designed besides a traditional state feedback one.

Quantization-Based Adaptive Fuzzy Consensus for Multiagent Systems Under Sensor Deception Attacks: A Novel Compensation Mechanism.

This study mainly investigates the adaptive leader-following consensus tracking control problem for a class of nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) subjected to unknown control directions, external disturbances, and sensor deception attacks. To start with, an equivalent MAS with known control directions is obtained by introducing a linear state transformation. For the purpose of estimating the unavailable system states caused by malicious attacks, a quantization-based fuzzy state observer is designed, and the fuzzy-logic system (FLS) is utilized to approximate nonlinear functions.