Description of a rock-dwelling cichlid that re-invaded the sand substrate in Lake Malai, Africa.

Pseudotropheus Regan had been a catch-all genus for many of the rock-dwelling cichlids of Lake Malai, known as mbuna, for over half a century. Although many of the species previously assigned to this genus have since been allocated to other genera there are still about a dozen species in the genus that do not appear to be closely related to its type species, P. williamsi, but for which no better placement could be found.

[Simultaneous laparoscopic bilateral nephrectomy as a preparation for kidney transplantation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease].

Aim: to study the possibility and safety of performing simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy in symptomatic patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) as a preparation for kidney transplantation.

Materials And Methods: From May 2018 to September 2019, six symptomatic patients with end-stage renal disease caused by ADPKD, who had hemodialysis, underwent simultaneous bilateral laparoscopic nephrectomy. The mean vertical kidney size according to CT data was 211.