Safety and efficacy of brain biopsy: Results from a single institution retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Brain biopsy provides important histopathological diagnostic information for patients with new intracranial lesions. Although a minimally invasive technique, previous studies report an associated morbidity and mortality between 0.6% and 6.

Integration of a personalised mobile health (mHealth) application into the care of patients with brain tumours: proof-of-concept study (IDEAL stage 1).

Objectives: Brain tumours lead to significant morbidity including a neurocognitive, physical and psychological burden of disease. The extent to which they impact the multiple domains of health is difficult to capture leading to a significant degree of unmet needs. Mobile health tools such as Vinehealth have the potential to identify and address these needs through real-world data generation and delivery of personalised educational material and therapies.

The Use of Machine Learning to Reduce Overtreatment of the Axilla in Breast Cancer: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Patients with early breast cancer undergoing primary surgery, who have low axillary nodal burden, can safely forego axillary node clearance (ANC). However, routine use of axillary ultrasound (AUS) leads to 43% of patients in this group having ANC unnecessarily, following a positive AUS. The intersection of machine learning with medicine can provide innovative ways to understand specific risks within large patient data sets, but this has not yet been trialed in the arena of axillary node management in breast cancer.

Metastatic Lesions of the Clivus: A Systematic Review.

Background: Metastatic lesions of the clivus are extremely rare, having previously been estimated as representing 0.02% of all intracranial tumors. Owing to its close intracranial relationship with the clivus before entering the cavernous sinus, clinical palsies of the sixth cranial nerve have been classically associated with destructive lesions of this structure.

A systematic review of neo-adjuvant radiotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.

Introduction: The use of neo-adjuvant radiotherapy (NRT) has been proven effective at improving cancer related outcome measures, including overall-survival (OS) in the management of solid cancers. However, its utilisation in breast cancer has not been explored to the extent of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The evidence for the application of NRT in breast cancer is evaluated.

Conserving the axilla in breast cancer.

It is recognised that surgical conservatism is the most effective way of managing the axilla in breast cancer patients undergoing primary breast conserving surgery. The extended clinical scenarios in which a less aggressive approach can be safely adopted warrant consideration-including a group of patients who potentially could bypass surgical staging of the axilla altogether. The application of omission of further surgical management and axillary radiotherapy in the primary surgical and neoadjuvant chemotherapy settings are considered.

The virtual fracture clinic improves quality of care for patients with hand and wrist injuries: an assessment of 3709 patients.

Fracture clinic services are under significant pressures to meet patients' expectations of a high-quality service. The virtual fracture clinic has shown early promise in helping to reduce such pressures. We used the virtual fracture clinic for hand and wrist injuries treated in the orthopaedic fracture clinic and used key quality indicators to measure improvement.

Multi-input Synapses, but Not LTP-Strengthened Synapses, Correlate with Hippocampal Memory Storage in Aged Mice.

Long-lasting changes at synapses enable memory storage in the brain. Although aging is associated with impaired memory formation, it is not known whether the synaptic underpinnings of memory storage differ with age. Using a training schedule that results in the same behavioral memory formation in young and aged mice, we examined synapse ultrastructure and molecular signaling in the hippocampus after contextual fear conditioning.

Is sentinel node biopsy necessary in the radiologically negative axilla in breast cancer?

Purpose: The steady move towards axillary conservatism in breast cancer is based on studies demonstrating that axillary node clearance affords no survival benefit in a subset of patients with a positive pre-operative axillary ultrasound (AUS). However, less attention has been paid to AUS-negative patients who receive sentinel node biopsy as standard.

Methods: Previously assembled systematic review data was reassessed to evaluate nodal burden amongst patients with breast cancer and a clinically and radiologically negative axilla.

Nonmotor Symptoms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.

Background: ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with no curative treatment. Nonmotor symptoms presenting in ALS may cause significant distress, worsen prognosis, and affect survival.

Objective: To systematically review evidence for the prevalence of nonmotor ALS symptoms, and treatment options.

Meta-analysis of tumour burden in pre-operative axillary ultrasound positive and negative breast cancer patients.

Background: Management of the axilla in breast cancer is becoming increasingly conservative. Patients identified with a low axillary nodal burden (two or fewer involved nodes) at sentinel node biopsy (SNB) can avoid completion axillary node clearance (cANC). 'Fast track' to ANC in patients with involved nodes on pre-operative ultrasound may be over-treating a subgroup of these patients with low nodal burden, which would have precluded their need for ANC.

Is there a role for sentinel node biopsy in the pre-operative ultrasound positive axilla?

Axillary management in breast cancer is becoming increasingly conservative. This approach is based on the identification of low axillary burden on sentinel node biopsy (SNB). The modern practice of routine pre-operative axillary ultrasound has meant that patients are 'fast tracked' to axillary node clearance (ANC) in the presence of a histologically confirmed positive axilla.