Penile cancer in Maranhão, Northeast Brazil: the highest incidence globally?

Background: The objectives of this study were to determine the minimum incidence of penile cancer in the poorest Brazilian state, and to describe the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with the disease.

Methods: A retrospective study of 392 patients diagnosed with penile cancer in the three most important referral center in the state was conducted during 2004-2014.

Results: The age-standardized incidence was 6.