Clinical and cost-effectiveness of a home-based health promotion intervention for older people with mild frailty in England: a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Health promotion for people with mild frailty has the potential to improve health outcomes, but such services are scarce in practice. We developed a personalised, home-based, behaviour change, health promotion intervention (HomeHealth) and assessed its clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in maintaining independent functioning in activities of daily living in older adults with mild frailty.

Methods: This trial was an individual, multicentre, parallel-group, randomised controlled trial done in England.

Understanding how older people with mild frailty engage with behaviour change to support their independence: a qualitative study.

Objectives: To explore barriers and facilitators to behaviour change in older people with mild frailty.

Design: Qualitative study.

Setting: Community-dwelling older people living with mild frailty.

UK Foot and Ankle Thromboembolism (UK-FATE).

Aims: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential complication of foot and ankle surgery. There is a lack of agreement on contributing risk factors and chemical prophylaxis requirements. The primary outcome of this study was to analyze the 90-day incidence of symptomatic VTE and VTE-related mortality in patients undergoing foot and ankle surgery and Achilles tendon (TA) rupture.

Examining the Effectiveness of Telephone Clinics: A Review of a Telephone Foot and Ankle Orthopaedic Clinic in a District General Hospital in the United Kingdom.

Introduction: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, significant value has been placed on preventative methods for pathogen spread. One such method is the use of telemedicine via telephone clinics (TC). This article is designed to study TC in a District General Hospital in the United Kingdom.

Goal setting as part of a holistic intervention to promote independence in older people with mild frailty: a process evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Frailty is a condition resulting from a decline in physiological reserves caused by an accumulation of several deficits, which progressively impairs the ability to recover from health adverse events. Following a promising feasibility study, the HomeHealth trial assessed a holistic tailored intervention for older adults with mild frailty to promote independence in their own homes, compared with usual care. We aimed to understand how goal setting worked among older people with mild frailty.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the treatment of acute lisfranc injuries: Open reduction and internal fixation versus primary arthrodesis.

Background: Injuries to the Lisfranc complex, although relatively rare carry a high morbidity and are often associated with other injuries. Despite a number published studies to determine the best operative management, there is an ongoing debate to whether open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or primary arthrodesis (PA) produces the best outcomes for patients. There have been further studies published in the last few years that have not been assessed as part of the wider literature and therefore we wished to perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis with inclusion of outcomes not assessed in the previous studies.

Minimally invasive versus open calcaneal osteotomies - Comparing the intraoperative parameters.

Background: The calcaneal osteotomies is often performed to correct asymptomatic hindfoot deformities. More recently minimally invasive techniques have been described with promising clinical outcomes. In a prospective study we compared the intraoperative parameters of the open and minimalinvasive (MICO) techniques, which has not previously been reported.

Removal of sewage phosphorus by adsorption and mineral precipitation, with recovery as a fertilizing soil amendment.

Clear sand adsorbs 15-35% total phosphorus (P) from septic tank effluent, but P is mobilized when low-P effluent is applied. Amorphous P compounds formed by alkali aluminate chemical addition may also be subject to leaching. Crystalline mineralization is the desired end effect that isolates P thoroughly from the water resource.

Preliminary Results and Learning Curve of the Minimally Invasive Chevron Akin Operation for Hallux Valgus.

Minimally invasive surgery is increasing in popularity. It is relevant in hallux valgus surgery owing to the potential for reduced disruption of the soft tissues and improved wound healing. We present our results and assess the learning curve of the minimally invasive Chevron Akin operation for hallux valgus.

Minimally invasive calcaneal osteotomy: A cadaveric and clinical evaluation.

Background: A cadaveric and clinical study was performed to assess whether a minimally invasive technique is a potentially safer alternative compared to a calcaneal osteotomy through an open lateral approach.

Methods: Cadaveric: A minimally invasive calcaneal osteotomy (MICO) was performed on nine cadaveric specimens. These were examined to identify any nerve injury and to quantify the displacement achieved with the osteotomy.

Plantaris Excision and Ventral Paratendinous Scraping for Achilles Tendinopathy in an Athletic Population.

Background: Achilles tendinopathy is a frequent problem in high-level athletes. Recent research has proposed a combined etiologic role for the plantaris tendon and neovascularization. Both pathologies can be observed on ultrasound imaging.

New method for assessing hand disinfection shows that pre-operative alcohol/chlorhexidine rub is as effective as a traditional surgical scrub.

Background: Several studies have shown that rubbing hands with an alcohol/chlorhexidine solution provides equivalent microbial decontamination to a conventional surgical scrub using aqueous chlorhexidine. However, the authors believe that these studies have methodological flaws that limit their applicability to the operating theatre environment. As such, a method was developed to compare products in an everyday operating theatre environment using working operating theatre personnel.

Modeling the Formation of Transverse Weld during Billet-on-Billet Extrusion.

A comprehensive mathematical model of the hot extrusion process for aluminum alloys has been developed and validated. The plasticity module was developed using a commercial finite element package, DEFORM-2D, a transient Lagrangian model which couples the thermal and deformation phenomena. Validation of the model against industrial data indicated that it gave excellent predictions of the pressure during extrusion.

Management of congenital talipes equinovarus using the Ponseti method: a systematic review.

We present a systematic review of the results of the Ponseti method of management for congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV). Our aims were to assess the method, the effects of modifications to the original method, and compare it with other similar methods of treatment. We found 308 relevant citations in the English literature up to 31 May 2010, of which 74 full-text articles met our inclusion criteria.

Proximal humeral replacement using a fixed-fulcrum endoprosthesis.

Between 1997 and 2007, 68 consecutive patients underwent replacement of the proximal humerus for tumour using a fixed-fulcrum massive endoprosthesis. Their mean age was 46 years (7 to 87). Ten patients were lost to follow-up and 16 patients died.

Girdlestones excision arthroplasty: current update.

Girdlestones procedure has become a salvage operation reserved for patients with significant co-morbidities. Recent literature addresses this infrequently used intervention inadequately. This observational study aims to update current literature and review the modern role of this intervention in orthopaedic practice.

Use of the WHO surgical safety checklist in trauma and orthopaedic patients.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends routine use of a surgical safety checklist prior to all surgical operations. The aim of this study was to prospectively audit checklist use in orthopaedic patients before and after implementation of an educational programme designed to increase use and correlate this with early complications, mortality and staff perceptions. Data was collected on 480 patients before the educational program and 485 patients after.

Osteoid osteoma of the great toe: A case report.

Osteoid osteoma of the great toe is an uncommon finding and usually treated with radiofrequency ablation. We present a case that is more appropriately treated with surgical excision.

Lies, damned lies, and DNA statistics: DNA match testing Bayes' Theorem, and the criminal courts.

This study explains the correct method for the interpretation of DNA matches by using Bayesian Probability, and its various traps: the DNA fallacies. The current approach of the Court of Appeal to the use and presentation of DNA evidence is outlined. A new Bayesian Fallacy is explored.

Improving door to needle times with nurse initiated thrombolysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of nurse initiated thrombolysis on door to needle time (the interval between arriving at the hospital and starting thrombolytic treatment) in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Design: Comparison of door to needle times before and after the employment of nurses trained and approved to initiate thrombolysis without prescription by a doctor but with a protocol for rapid triage of patients with chest pain.

Setting: A district general hospital.

Perioperative electrical auditory brain stem response in candidates for pediatric cochlear implantation.

Objective: The aim was to investigate the feasibility of recording the electrical auditory brain stem response (EABR) evoked by electrical stimulation at the promontory (Prom-EABR) as a tool to assist selection of the ear for cochlear implantation in young children.

Study Design: The study group consisted of young children for whom the decision to proceed with implantation with the Nucleus mini 22-channel cochlear implant (Cochlear (UK) Ltd., London, UK) had already been made.

A randomized trial of the impact of telephone and recorded delivery reminders on the response rate to research questionnaires.

Background: A range of factors have been shown to affect the response rate to mailed questionnaires, but particular strategies to improve patients' response in trials conducted in general practice require further study.

Methods: Non-responders in a larger trial were randomized to receive a telephone or recorded delivery reminder on the third contact. The cost of administration of each method was estimated.