Preliminary Evaluation of Improvements in Melasma and Photoaging With Laser-Driven Microjet Injection of Poly-d,l-Lactic Acid.

Background: Melasma, a common skin hyperpigmentation disorder, has traditionally been linked to hormonal changes in genetically predisposed individuals. Recent studies, however, highlight the role of photoageing, particularly from visible light exposure, as a significant contributing factor. Effective treatments for melasma and associated signs of photoageing remain a clinical challenge.

A Pilot One and Two-Year Prospective, Blinded Clinical Evaluation of Efficacy, and Safety of Combined Treatment With Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler and Barbed Polydioxanone Suspension Threads for Mid-Face Contour Enhancement.

Introduction: The combination of hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers and polydioxanone (PDO) thread lifting is gaining popularity for mid-face rejuvenation, especially among the Asian population. Despite the common use of these techniques, there is a paucity of long-term studies assessing their combined efficacy and safety. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined HA filler and PDO thread treatment for mid-face rejuvenation over a 24-month period in a Korean population.

Vertex Augmentation With Hyaluronic Acid Filler: A Novel Technique for Height Enhancement and Cephalic Contouring.

Height augmentation and cephalic contouring using hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers represent an innovative approach in minimally invasive aesthetic medicine. This study introduces a novel technique for vertex augmentation, leveraging cross-linked HA fillers to achieve subtle height enhancement and cephalic contouring. A 42-year-old male patient seeking non-surgical height augmentation underwent vertex injections with 15 ml of HA filler (e.

Polynucleotide-based treatments for various facial scars including combat injuries.

Introduction: This study examines the therapeutic efficacy of polynucleotide-based therapies, specifically REJURAN, for managing scars and burns. Scars and burns present significant challenges in dermatology, often affecting patients' quality of life. Traditional treatments can be limited in effectiveness, prompting the exploration of innovative approaches like polynucleotide therapy, which utilizes salmon DNA to stimulate tissue repair, modulate inflammation, and enhance collagen production.

Anatomical consideration and techniques in thread nose augmentation with mesh scaffold implant.

Introduction: Non-surgical rhinoplasty has evolved with the introduction of volumizing threads, which offer a less invasive alternative to traditional methods by enhancing nasal contours while minimizing filler use. This technique is gaining popularity, particularly in Southeast Asia, due to its shorter recovery time, reduced risk profile, and ability to prevent the 'Avatar nose' effect. However, there is limited anatomical guidance available for its application, especially in the Asian population.

Decomposition and Changes in In Vivo Post-HA Filler Injection: A Review.

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are widely used in aesthetic medicine, but their in vivo behavior and long-term effects are not fully understood.

Aims: To review the decomposition and changes occurring in the body following HA filler injections, focusing on crosslinking agents, degradation processes, and tissue responses.

Methods: This review analyzed oxidative and enzymatic degradation processes of HA fillers, evaluated the impact of 1,4-Butanediol Diglycidyl Ether (BDDE) crosslinking, and examined histological changes post-injection.

Efficacy of Subdermal Poly-d,l-Lactic Acid Injections for the Treatment of Melasma.

Background: Melasma is a chronic, recurrent skin disorder with limited long-term treatment success using conventional therapies like hydroquinone and laser treatments, which primarily target epidermal components while leaving dermal aspects untreated.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of poly-d,l lactic acid (PDLLA) subdermal injections for treating moderate melasma.

Methods: Three female patients (age range: 45-59 years) with Fitzpatrick skin types III and IV received three PDLLA injection sessions at 3-week intervals.

Immunogenicity of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Different Clinical and Cosmetic Treatment, a Literature Review.

Background: Botulinum toxin type A is widely utilized for both therapeutic and aesthetic purposes, yet concerns regarding its immunogenicity have raised issues related to treatment failure and adverse reactions.

Objective: This review aims to evaluate the immunogenicity of commercially available botulinum toxin type A products across various clinical indications and identify the risk factors associated with antibody formation.

Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to find studies that investigated the immunogenicity of botulinum toxin type A in patients treated for different conditions.

Treatment with Hyaluronic Acid Filler into Calcaneal Fat Pad for Height Augmentation.

The heel fat pad plays a crucial role in shock absorption during walking, yet clinical strategies to augment its thickness for height enhancement remain underexplored. This case report presents the novel use of cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) injections into the calcaneal fat pad as a method for height augmentation. A 37-year-old male, with a height of 162.

Manufacturing Process of Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Fillers.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are extensively utilized in aesthetic medicine due to their biocompatibility, reversibility, and effectiveness in enhancing skin hydration, volume, and overall appearance. These fillers are predominantly produced through microbial fermentation, followed by a critical cross-linking process that enhances their longevity by resisting enzymatic degradation. This review provides a thorough examination of the manufacturing processes that differentiate HA fillers, with particular attention to the distinctions between biphasic and monophasic variants.

Anatomical Considerations for Thread Lifting Procedure.

Background: Thread lifting is a minimally invasive procedure that enhances facial aesthetics by repositioning sagging tissues with absorbable threads. It requires a comprehensive understanding of facial anatomy for safe and effective results.

Aims: This study aims to highlight the critical anatomical considerations in thread lifting, including the navigation of facial vascular structures, the protection of facial nerves, manipulation of fat compartments, and engagement of retaining ligaments.

Anatomical Guidelines and Technical Tips for Neck Aesthetics with Botulinum Toxin.

Botulinum toxin can be used for various purposes to enhance neck aesthetics, addressing concerns such as platysmal bands, optimizing the cervicomental angle, preventing worsening of horizontal neckline and decolletage lines during aging, submandibular gland hypertrophy, and hypertrophied superior trapezius muscle. Understanding the anatomy of muscles such as the trapezius, platysma, and submandibular gland is crucial for achieving desirable outcomes with botulinum toxin administration. Techniques for injecting botulinum toxin into these muscles are discussed, emphasizing safety and efficacy.

Ocular Complication in Facial Aesthetic Laser and Light Treatments: A Comprehensive Review.

Background: The increasing popularity of laser- and light-based esthetic treatments for facial rejuvenation has raised concerns regarding ocular safety. Although these procedures are generally considered safe and effective, there is a growing body of evidence highlighting the potential for ocular complications. This review aims to systematically analyze the types and mechanisms of ocular injuries associated with such treatments, as well as to evaluate preventive measures and management strategies.

Energy-Based Device Management of Nodular Reaction Following Poly-D, L-Lactic Acid Injection for Tear Trough Rejuvenation.

Background: Poly-D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) is used for tear trough rejuvenation but can cause complications like nodular reactions. This report describes using a radiofrequency device to manage these nodules.

Case Presentation: A 42-year-old woman developed firm, non-inflammatory nodules 3 weeks after receiving PDLLA (Juvelook) injections in the tear trough area.

Poly-d,l-Lactic Acid Via Transdermal Microjet Drug Delivery for Treating Rosacea in Asian Patients.

Background: Rosacea, a chronic inflammatory skin condition, is marked by enduring redness, visible blood vessels, and inflammatory eruptions in facial areas. Managing rosacea remains a persistent challenge for dermatologists, especially in cases unresponsive to conventional treatments. Injectable poly-d,l-lactic acid (PDLLA) has shown promise in treating erythema and telangiectasia associated with rosacea in addition to age-related concerns.

Cosmeceuticals in photoaging: A review.

Background: Photoaging is a process of the architecture of normal skin damaged by ultraviolet radiation. Topical cosmeceuticals have been used to treat this condition. The authors aimed to understand the mechanism and level of evidence of different commonly used cosmeceuticals used to treat photodamaged skin.

Rheological Characteristics of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers as Viscoelastic Substances.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are widely used in esthetic medicine and are categorized into biphasic and monophasic types based on their manufacturing processes. To evaluate the quality of these fillers, it is essential to understand their rheological properties, which reflect their viscoelastic nature. Rheology, the study of material deformation and flow, reveals how fillers behave under stress, combining properties of solids and liquids.