Pathways to specialist community perinatal mental health services: a two-site longitudinal retrospective service evaluation.

Background: During pregnancy and the postpartum period, women's mental health can deteriorate quickly. Timely and easy access to services is critically important; however, little is known about the pathways women take to access services. Previous research has shown that women from ethnic minority groups in the United Kingdom experience more access issues compared to the White British women.

Impact of Transoral Robotic Surgery Versus Radiation on Swallowing Function in Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients: A Sub-Study From a Randomized Trial.

Background: This ORATOR sub-study evaluated swallowing physiology in patients treated with transoral robotic surgery (TORS) versus radiotherapy (RT) for early-stage oropharynx cancer.

Methods: Swallowing physiology was evaluated using videofluoroscopy and outcomes were compared across treatment arms and correlated with MDADI scores.

Results: Of the 68 patients in the ORATOR trial, 21 participated in this sub-study (30.

Short-Half-Life Chemicals: Maternal Exposure and Offspring Health Consequences-The Case of Synthetic Phenols, Parabens, and Phthalates.

Phenols, parabens, and phthalates (PPPs) are suspected or known endocrine disruptors. They are used in consumer products that pregnant women and their progeny are exposed to daily through the placenta, which could affect offspring health. This review aims to compile data from cohort studies and in vitro and in vivo models to provide a summary regarding placental transfer, fetoplacental development, and the predisposition to adult diseases resulting from maternal exposure to PPPs during the gestational period.

Angiostrongylus vasorum in golden jackals (Canis aureus) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Northern Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In this study, we conducted post-mortem examinations of golden jackals (Canis aureus) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from the northern region of the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina) to detect the presence of Angiostrongylus vasorum. An epidemiological survey was conducted in the densest golden jackal population in the country. Over two time intervals, we examined a total of 30 jackals and 16 foxes.

Barriers to accessing perinatal mental health services and suggestions for improvement: qualitative study of women of Black and south Asian backgrounds.

Background: Maternity outcomes for women from certain ethnic groups are notably poor, partly owing to their not receiving treatment from services.

Aims: To explore barriers to access among Black and south Asian women with perinatal mental health problems who did not access perinatal mental health services and suggestions for improvements, and to map findings on to the perinatal care pathway.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2020 and 2021 in the UK.

Nursing students' attitudes and beliefs towards addressing sexual health: A multicentre study and latent class analysis.

Background: To provide competent and respectful sexual health care, a critical and comprehensive assessment of students' attitudes towards sexuality is needed, which implies using reliable and valid questionnaires.

Aim: To assess whether the extended version of the Students Attitude Towards Addressing Sexual Health (SA-SH-Ext) provides different, additional information about students' attitudes towards providing sexual healthcare compared to the Sexual Attitude and Beliefs Survey (SABS), to explore SA-SH-Ext potential response patterns through latent class analysis and to assess students' attitudes towards providing sexual healthcare and evaluate the differences in their attitudes to the cultural background and sociodemographic characteristics.

Design: Multicentre, descriptive, analytical, comparative, and correlational cross-sectional study at three nursing faculties.

Comparison of Knowledge About Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Relation to Gender Among Healthcare Professionals and in the General Population.

Introduction: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are derived by reprogramming adult somatic cells using a forced expression of four specific transcription factors in a highly controlled artificial environment. The aim of this paper is to examine the knowledge about these cells of the general population and the population of health workers in relation to gender.

Methods: The research was designed as a cohort study conducted with a validated questionnaire to assess knowledge about iPSCs.

Perinatal Exposure to Phenols and Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances and Gut Microbiota in One-Year-Old Children.

The role of the gut microbiota in human health calls for a better understanding of its determinants. In particular, the possible effects of chemicals with widespread exposure other than pharmaceuticals are little known. Our aim was to characterize the sensitivity of the early-life gut microbiota to specific chemicals with possible antimicrobial action.

Prevalence of Risk Factors in Patients with Postprocedural Ischemic Lesions after Coiling of Very Small Intracranial Aneurysms.

Very small intracranial aneurysms, generally considered to be those 3 mm in diameter or smaller, pose particular technical challenges for endovascular surgeons. For this reason, very small aneurysms have been excluded from many relevant studies. The aim of our research was to establish the risk factors for the occurrence of stroke complications after endovascular embolization of ruptured and unruptured small intracranial aneurysms.

Marital loss, gender and their association with mental health and physical health outcomes in Bosnian refugees: lesson reminder in a time of war.

Introduction: Mental health disorders and chronic health diseases are highly prevalent and impactful consequences of distressful experiences among refugees, yet a comprehensive conceptual model encompassing biopsychosocial factors is lacking. This study aims to assess the relevance of widowhood to PTSD and major depression maintenance as well as to adverse health outcomes in a cohort of Bosnian refugees.

Methods: This longitudinal study included 526 subjects followed up for 3 years.

Efficient ultra-broadband low-resolution astrophotonic spectrographs.

Broadband low-resolution near-infrared spectrographs in a compact form are crucial for ground- and space-based astronomy and other fields of sensing. Astronomical spectroscopy poses stringent requirements including high efficiency, broad band operation (> 300 nm), and in some cases, polarization insensitivity. We present and compare experimental results from the design, fabrication, and characterization of broadband (1200 - 1650 nm) arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) spectrographs built using the two most promising low-loss platforms - SiN (rectangular waveguides) and doped-SiO (square waveguides).

Association between paediatric eye injuries, later academic success and social performance.

Aim: To investigate an association between eye injury and later academic and social performance.

Materials: A retrospective longitudinal study of taking measurements multiple times was conducted including all severe eye injuries admitted during 2011-2017 at the main regional clinic to investigate changes in academic success and social inclusion before and after an injury. Parents/caregivers were surveyed asking questions on academic performance, and community/social involvement.

Gastrointestinal Parasites in Owned Dogs in Serbia: Prevalence and Risk Factors.

Dogs are the most popular pets worldwide. Close contact between dogs and people increases the risk of transmission of various zoonotic parasitic infections. Given the importance of veterinary medicine in preserving the One Health concept, the aim of this research was to identify intestinal parasites that may have zoonotic potential and to evaluate risk factors (individual and environmental).

Impact of an Automated Population-Level Cirrhosis Screening Program Using Common Pathology Tests on Rates of Cirrhosis Diagnosis and Linkage to Specialist Care (CAPRISE): Protocol for a Pilot Prospective Single-Arm Intervention Study.

Background: People with compensated cirrhosis receive the greatest benefit from risk factor modification and prevention programs to reduce liver decompensation and improve early liver cancer detection. Blood-based liver fibrosis algorithms such as the Aspartate Transaminase-to-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index are calculated using routinely ordered blood tests and are effective screening tests to exclude cirrhosis in people with chronic liver disease, triaging the need for further investigations to confirm cirrhosis and linkage to specialist care.

Objective: This pilot study aims to evaluate the impact of a population screening program for liver cirrhosis (CAPRISE [Cirrhosis Automated APRI and FIB-4 Screening Evaluation]), which uses automated APRI and FIB-4 calculation and reporting on routinely ordered blood tests, on monthly rates of referral for transient elastography, cirrhosis diagnosis, and linkage to specialist care.

A Scoping Review of Artificial Intelligence Detection of Voice Pathology: Challenges and Opportunities.

Objective: Survey the current literature on artificial intelligence (AI) applications for detecting and classifying vocal pathology using voice recordings, and identify challenges and opportunities for advancing the field forward.

Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Scopus databases.

Review Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines.

Sarcopenia as a Predictor of Feeding Tube Placement in Individuals with Oropharyngeal Cancer.

Purpose: In oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), systemic loss of skeletal muscle mass (SMM), or sarcopenia, is a strong prognostic predictor of survival outcomes. However, the relationship between sarcopenia and nutrition-related outcomes is not well understood. This investigation evaluated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia for feeding tube (FT) placement in a cohort of OPSCC patients.

Potential of Wormwood and Oak Bark-Based Supplement in Health Improvement of -Infected Honey Bees.

, a microsporidian parasite, as one of the stressors that contribute to honey bee decline, has a significant negative impact on the longevity, productivity, and reproductive capacity of honey bee colonies. There are several different strategies for infection control, including natural-based and antibiotic-based products. In this study, we tested wormwood and oak bark-based supplement "Medenko forte" on survival, infection, oxidative stress, and expression of immune-related genes in artificially -infected bees.

Serbian species - chemical composition, acute toxicity and larvicidal activity of the essential oils.

The chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils obtained from Serbian species (, ) were analysed. The essential oil was obtained by merging several samples (same plant species, different localities) and the chemical composition was compared with pre-merging results. In the merged sample four components were not found in any pre-merging sample and one of those is present in the highest percentage (capillin 35.