Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist trigger increases the number of oocytes and embryos available for cryopreservation in cancer patients undergoing ovarian stimulation for fertility preservation.

Objective: To compare the oocyte and embryo yield associated with GnRH-agonist triggers vs. hCG triggers in cancer patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for fertilization preservation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Random-start ovarian stimulation in women desiring elective cryopreservation of oocytes.

The current study investigates the utility of random-start ovarian stimulation in women desiring elective oocyte cryopreservation. Women in the study cohort underwent random-start ovarian stimulation, and were subdivided based on the phase of the menstrual cycle that ovarian stimulation began, i.e.

Ex vivo retrieval and cryopreservation of oocytes from oophorectomized specimens for fertility preservation in a BRCA1 mutation carrier with ovarian cancer.

Objective: To report a case of ex vivo oocyte retrieval from oophorectomized specimens in a BRCA1 mutation carrier undergoing surgical staging for ovarian cancer.

Design: Video case report and literature review.

Setting: University-affiliated center.

Combined GnRH-agonist and human chorionic gonadotropin trigger improves ICSI cycle outcomes in patients with history of poor fertilization.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of a combined GnRH-agonist (GnRH-a) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger in improving ICSI cycle outcomes in patients with poor fertilization history after standard hCG trigger in prior ICSI cycles.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study. Patients with a fertilization rate of <20% in at least two prior ICSI cycles who subsequently underwent another ICSI cycle with hCG trigger were compared to those who underwent another ICSI cycle with a combined GnRH-a and hCG trigger.

Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after combined GnRH-agonist and low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin trigger in a patient with a single kidney.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) following gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) trigger is rare. Here, we report a case of severe OHSS after combined GnRH-a and low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger in a patient with a single kidney. The patient is a 32-year-old women with a two-year history of infertility.

Impact of FMR1 Pre-Mutation Status on Blastocyst Development in Patients Undergoing Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis.

Background/aims: The study aimed to investigate the impact of fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) pre-mutation status on blastocyst development in patients undergoing pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).

Methods: Case-control study of patients <40 years undergoing PGD at blastocyst stage for FMR1 pre-mutation status. Age-matched patients undergoing PGD for other single gene disorders were considered controls.

Perinatal Risks Associated with Early Vanishing Twin Syndrome following Transfer of Cleavage- or Blastocyst-Stage Embryos.

. To investigate whether the perinatal risks associated with early vanishing twin (VT) syndrome differ between cleavage- or blastocyst-stage embryo transfers (ET) in fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. .

Pretreatment of normal responders in fresh fertilization cycles: A comparison of transdermal estradiol and oral contraceptive pills.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of pretreatment with transdermal estradiol (E) compared to oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) on controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) response in normal responders undergoing fresh fertilization (IVF)-embryo transfer (ET) cycles.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed of normal responders undergoing fresh IVF-ET cycles who received pretreatment with transdermal E versus OCPs prior to fresh IVF-ET. The total days of ovarian stimulation, total dosage of gonadotropins, total number of oocytes, and mature oocytes retrieved were noted.

Increased odds of live birth in fresh in vitro fertilization cycles with shorter ovarian stimulation.

Objective: To investigate the impact of prolonged ovarian stimulation on pregnancy outcomes in IVF cycles with fresh day 3 ET.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University-affiliated center.

Early spontaneous multiple fetal pregnancy reduction is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in in vitro fertilization cycles.

The primary objective of this study is to investigate whether early spontaneous multiple fetal pregnancy reduction, also known as vanishing twin syndrome, is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in fresh in vitro fertilization cycles. This is a retrospective cohort study of women with live singleton births with and without an early vanishing twin after fresh in vitro fertilization. Characteristics compared included incidence of preterm birth, overall birth weight, overall low birth weight, overall very low birth weight, and term low birth weight.

Adjuvant gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist trigger with human chorionic gonadotrophin to enhance ooplasmic maturity.

This study investigates whether an adjuvant gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) trigger with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) improves fresh intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle outcomes in patients with poor fertilization history after standard HCG trigger alone. This study compared 156 patients with <40% fertilization rate in a prior ICSI cycle with standard HCG trigger who underwent another ICSI cycle with a combined 2 mg GnRHa and 1500 IU HCG ovulatory trigger. There was no difference in the baseline demographics, ovarian stimulation outcomes or sperm parameters of the groups.

Comparison of perinatal outcomes following fresh and frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer.

Objective: To investigate the effect of ovarian stimulation on endometrial receptivity by comparing singleton pregnancy and perinatal outcomes following fresh or frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study enrolled patients undergoing fresh or frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers that resulted in live deliveries between January 1, 2010 and September 30, 2013 at a single academic center. Implantation, clinical pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and live delivery rates were calculated.

Comparison of ovarian stimulation response in patients with breast cancer undergoing ovarian stimulation with letrozole and gonadotropins to patients undergoing ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins alone for elective cryopreservation of oocytes†.

The primary objective of this study is to compare the oocyte yield in breast cancer patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) using letrozole and gonadotropins with patients undergoing COS with standard gonadotropins for elective cryopreservation of oocytes. Odds ratios (OR) for the number of mature oocytes were estimated. Pregnancy outcomes for breast cancer patients undergoing frozen-thawed 2-PN embryo transfers (FETs) after oncologic treatment were also noted.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Gynecologic Procedures prior to and during the Utilization of Assisted Reproductive Technologies: A Systematic Review.

The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has increased steadily. There has been a corresponding increase in the number of ART-related procedures such as hysterosalpingography (HSG), saline infusion sonography (SIS), hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, oocyte retrieval, and embryo transfer (ET). While performing these procedures, the abdomen, upper vagina, and endocervix are breached, leading to the possibility of seeding pelvic structures with microorganisms.

5-millimeter Trocar-site Hernias After Laparoscopy Requiring Surgical Repair.

Trocar-site hernias are rare complications of laparoscopic surgery. Although trocar-site hernias occur more often at >10-mm sites, hernias can still develop at 5-mm sites after laparoscopy and can lead to serious complications. The primary objective of this review is to summarize the current medical literature pertaining to the clinical presentation and predisposing risk factors of trocar-site hernias at 5-mm sites after laparoscopy.

Is anti-Müllerian hormone associated with IVF outcomes in young patients with diminished ovarian reserve?

Aim: To investigate whether anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is associated with IVF cycle outcomes in young patients with diminished ovarian reserve.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective study of patients <35 years of age undergoing fresh IVF who had at least two 8-cell, day-3 embryos transferred with grades 1, 1.5 or 2.

The role of in-vivo and in-vitro maturation time on ooplasmic dysmaturity.

This study investigates whether the timing of in-vivo and in-vitro maturation influences ooplasmic dysmaturity. This is a retrospective comparison of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles (index cycles) complicated by complete fertilization failure (CFF) to cycles with successful fertilization in the same patient. The cycle following the index cycle was modified intentionally to increase fertilization.

Cyst aspiration or GnRH antagonist administration for ovarian cysts detected at the start of fresh in vitro fertilization cycles.

The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of transvaginal ultrasonogram (TVUS)-guided cyst aspiration or gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) administration for the management of solitary ovarian cysts detected at the start of in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles on the outcomes of the same cycles. This is a single-center, retrospective, cohort study of patients who had TVUS-guided cyst aspiration or GnRH-ant treatment for ovarian cysts detected at the start of IVF during a 5-year period. Four hundred and three patients met inclusion criteria: 41 (10.

Outcomes of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Cycles for Complete Teratozoospermia: A Case-Control Study Using Paired Sibling Oocytes.

Objective: To investigate the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles where sibling oocytes from a single donor were split between two recipients based on strict sperm morphology.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study. All ICSI cycles had one donor's oocytes split between two recipients in a 1 : 1 ratio based on strict sperm morphology, that is, one male partner had morphology of 0% and the other had morphology of >1%.

Human Papillomavirus Infection, Infertility, and Assisted Reproductive Outcomes.

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection common among men and women across all geographic and socioeconomic subgroups worldwide. Recent evidence suggests that HPV infection may affect fertility and alter the efficacy of assisted reproductive technologies. In men, HPV infection can affect sperm parameters, specifically motility.

Does the time interval between hysteroscopic polypectomy and start of in vitro fertilization affect outcomes?

Objective: To investigate whether the time interval between hysteroscopic polypectomy and the start of IVF-ET cycles affect IVF cycle outcomes.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Academic center.

Surgical Management of Endometrial Polyps in Infertile Women: A Comprehensive Review.

Endometrial polyps are benign localized lesions of the endometrium, which are commonly seen in women of reproductive age. Observational studies have suggested a detrimental effect of endometrial polyps on fertility. The natural course of endometrial polyps remains unclear.

Routine Monitoring of Liver, Renal, and Hematologic Tests After Single- or Double-Dose Methotrexate Treatment for Ectopic Pregnancies After In Vitro Fertilization.

Study Objective: To investigate the trends in liver function tests (LFTs), renal function tests (RFTs), and complete blood count (CBC) between day 1 and day 7 after single- or double-dose methotrexate (MTX) treatment for sonographically confirmed ectopic pregnancies.

Design: Single center, retrospective chart review (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).

Setting: University-affiliated center.

Is ABO blood type associated with ovarian stimulation response in patients with diminished ovarian reserve?

Purpose: Recent studies have explored the relationship between ABO blood type and serum markers of ovarian reserve, specifically follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH). The primary objective of this study is to investigate whether there is an association between ABO blood type and ovarian stimulation response in patients with serum markers of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

Methods: This is a retrospective study of all patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) for in vitro fertilization (IVF) between May 2010 and July 2013.