Sequence variations in human ZP genes as potential modifiers of zona pellucida architecture.

To examine putative associations between zona pellucida (ZP) anomalies and sequence variations in genes expressing structural ZP glycoprotein components, sequence data of 31 volunteers participating in IVF treatments were obtained and analyzed together with morphologic data of the respective oocytes. Our results suggest that some of the most frequent zona anomalies may be at least partly explained by sequence variations in genes expressing the four human ZP proteins, especially those in ZP2 and ZP3.