Association between De Ritis ratio and intraoperative blood transfusion in patients undergoing surgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a single center, retrospective, propensity score-matched study.

Background: Although elective surgery for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) has increased, few studies have evaluated the risk factors for transfusion during UIA surgery. We evaluated the association between the preoperative De Ritis ratio (aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase) and the incidence of intraoperative transfusion in patients who had undergone surgical UIA clipping.

Methods: Patients who underwent surgical clipping of UIA were stratified into two groups according to the preoperative De Ritis ratio cutoff levels (< 1.

Total Intravenous Anesthesia Protocol for Decreasing Unacceptable Movements during Cerebral Aneurysm Clipping with Motor-Evoked Potential Monitoring: A Historical Control Study and Meta-Analysis.

Injury can occur during intraoperative transcranial motor-evoked potential (MEP) monitoring caused by patient movement related to insufficient neuromuscular blocking agent use. Here, we evaluated the incidence of unacceptable movements in patients undergoing intraoperative MEP monitoring following our anesthetic protocol. We reviewed the anesthesia records of 419 patients who underwent unruptured cerebral aneurysm clipping with intraoperative MEP monitoring.

Association between red blood cell distribution width and mortality in patients with metastatic brain tumors: A retrospective single-center cohort study.

Metastatic brain tumor has been associated with high mortality and poor prognosis. However, information on indicators predicting surgical prognosis in patients with brain metastases is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between preoperative red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and mortality in patients who underwent surgery for metastatic brain tumors.

Anaphylactic Shock After Indocyanine Green Video Angiography During Cerebrovascular Surgery.

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) video angiography has been widely used in cerebrovascular surgery. ICG injection is generally safe, with a low incidence of complications. ICG-related anaphylactic reactions during neurosurgery have been rarely reported.

Association of preoperative hypoalbuminemia with postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE Hypoalbuminemia is known to be independently associated with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). However, little is known about the association between the preoperative serum albumin level and postoperative AKI in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery. The authors investigated the incidence of AKI, impact of preoperative serum albumin level on postoperative AKI, and death in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery.

Cyclohexane-Coupled Bipolar Host Materials with High Triplet Energies for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence.

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence-based organic light-emitting diodes (TADF-OLEDs) have recently attracted tremendous research interest as next-generation optoelectronic devices. However, there are a limited number of host materials with an appropriately high lowest-excited triplet energy (E) and bipolar charge transport properties for high-efficiency TADF-OLEDs. Moreover, these host materials should have high thermal and morphological stabilities.

Comparison of false-negative/positive results of intraoperative evoked potential monitoring between no and partial neuromuscular blockade in patients receiving propofol/remifentanil-based anesthesia during cerebral aneurysm clipping surgery: A retrospective analysis of 685 patients.

Although the elicited responses of motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring are very sensitive to suppression by anesthetic agents and muscle relaxants, the use of neuromuscular blockade (NMB) during MEP monitoring is still controversial because of serious safety concerns and diagnostic accuracy. Here, we evaluated the incidence of unacceptable movement and compared false-negative MEP results between no and partial NMB during cerebral aneurysm clipping surgery. We reviewed patient medical records for demographic data, anesthesia regimen, neurophysiology event logs, MEP results, and clinical outcomes.

Endotracheal intubation by inexperienced trainees using the Clarus Video System: learning curve and orodental trauma perspectives.

Background: The ideal alternative airway device should be intuitive to use, yielding proficiency after only a few trials. The Clarus Video System (CVS) is a novel optical stylet with a semi-rigid tip; however, the learning curve and associated orodental trauma are poorly understood.

Methods: Two novice practitioners with no CVS experience performed 30 intubations each.

Adenosine-induced transient asystole during intracranial aneurysm surgery: indications, dosing, efficacy, and risks.

Background: Several flow-arrest techniques have been introduced for the treatment of complex aneurysms that cannot be treated with conventional clipping or endovascular coil embolization. Adenosine-induced transient asystole is an alternative method of flow arrest. However, given the limited number of studies that have reported on this topic, there is no consensus regarding the dose, regimen, efficacy, and potential risks of adenosine.

Dynamic optic nerve sheath diameter responses to short-term hyperventilation measured with sonography in patients under general anesthesia.

Background: Rapid evaluation and management of intracranial pressure (ICP) can help to early detection of increased ICP and improve postoperative outcomes in neurocritically-ill patients. Sonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a non-invasive method of evaluating increased intracranial pressure at the bedside. In the present study, we hypothesized that sonographic ONSD, as a surrogate of ICP change, can be dynamically changed in response to carbon dioxide change using short-term hyperventilation.

Protective effects of propofol against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human kidney proximal tubular cells.

Background: We investigated the protective effects of propofol in the HK-2 cell line of human kidney proximal tubular cells against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced oxidative stress.

Methods: After pretreatment with different concentrations of propofol (0 µM, 10 µM, 25 µM and 50 µM) for 30 minutes, HK-2 cells were exposed to 8 mM H(2)O(2) for 4 hours. Cell death was assessed by measuring the percentage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and by counting viable cells.

Total intravenous anesthesia in a 10-month-old patient with congenital myotonic dystrophy undergoing endoscopic third ventriculostomy -A case report-.

Myotonic dystrophy is a rare genetic disorder characterized by muscle atrophy and weakness. Surgical treatment of this condition poses various problems for the anesthesiologist. We describe the anesthetic management of a 10-month-old infant with congenital myotonic dystrophy, who was scheduled for endoscopic third ventriculostomy under general anesthesia.

Effect of isoflurane on the hearing in mice.

Background And Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between inhalation anesthetics and hearing in mice.

Materials And Methods: As inhalation anesthetics, isoflurane was used. Auditory brainstem response and distortion product otoacoustic emission were used as measurement of hearing.

Spinal epidural hematoma related to an epidural catheter in a cardiac surgery patient -A case report-.

The addition of thoracic epidural anesthesia to general anesthesia during cardiac surgery may have a beneficial effect on clinical outcome. However, epidural catheter insertion in a patient anticoagulated with heparin may increase the risk of epidural hematoma. We report a case of epidural hematoma in a 55-year-old male patient who had a thoracic epidural placed under general anesthesia preceding uneventful mitral valve replacement and tricuspid valve annular plasty.

Bilateral tension pneumothorax caused by an abrupt increase in airway pressure during cervical spine surgery in the prone position -A case report-.

Elevated peak inspiratory airway pressure (PIP) can occur during general anesthesia and is usually easily rectified. In rare circumstances it can lead to potentially fatal conditions such as tension pneumothorax. We report on a 77-year-old male patient admitted for a cervical laminoplasty.

Comparison of the effects of propofol and pentobarbital on hydrogen peroxide-stimulated hepatic SNU761 cells.

Background: Propofol and barbiturates are both known to protect cells of several organs against ischemia/reperfusion injury, but there are few reports on any possible protective effects on human hepatocytes. We investigated the activities of both agents on human hepatic SNU761 cells under hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced oxidative stress.

Methods: To determine whether propofol and pentobarbital protect hepatocytes from H(2)O(2)-induced toxicity, we used SNU761 cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line.

Effects of propofol and etomidate on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in hepatocyte.

Background: The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of propofol and etomidate against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative damage in human hepatic SNU761 cells by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH).

Methods: The cell line of human hepatocellular carcinoma was grown for 24 hours in dissociated cell culture. They were divided into eight groups: negative control (NC) group with no drug administration, positive control (PC) group with H2O2 250 micrometer and other groups pretreated with propofol (P; 1, 10, 50 micrometer) or etomidate (ET; 1, 10, 50 micrometer) followed H2O2 administration.

The effect of isoflurane, halothane and pentobarbital on noise-induced hearing loss in mice.

Background: Ear surgery using mastoid drills can lead to noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). We investigated whether inhaled anesthetics or pentobarbital could have protective effects on NIHL in mice.

Methods: Mice were exposed to broad band white noise for 3 h per day for 3 consecutive days, with or without anesthesia, using halothane, isoflurane, or pentobarbital.

Protective effect of isoflurane anesthesia on noise-induced hearing loss in mice.

Hypothesis/objectives: To examine the protective effect of general anesthesia with isoflurane against noise-induced hearing loss in mice.

Study Design: Animal study using noise stimulation and measurement of hearing in BALB/c mice.

Methods: Mice were exposed to 122 dB peak equivalent sound pressure level click noise for 3 hours per day for 3 consecutive days with or without anesthesia using isoflurane.

The effect of phenytoin on rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation.

Anticonvulsant therapy alters the action of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. We determined the effects of acute and chronic administration of phenytoin on rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block using the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation. Rats were divided into 3 groups: a saline control group (n = 10), an acute phenytoin-treated group (n = 30), and a chronic phenytoin-pretreated group (n = 30).

Accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in mouse inner ear by noise stimulation.

Exposure of mice to a 120 dB SPL broad band click sound for 3 h per day induced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in the organ of Corti, lateral wall tissue and spiral ganglion cells. In the organ of Corti, HIF-1alpha was expressed in inner and outer hair cells, pillar cells and Deiters' cells, but not in Hensen's cells or the tectorial, Reissner's or basement membrane. HIF-1alpha expression was definitely increased in mice with a permanent threshold shift, where the hearing level did not recover, even after 4 weeks.

Mechanism of taxol-induced apoptosis in human SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cells.

Taxol is extensively used clinically for chemotherapy of patients with ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. Although taxol induces apoptosis of cancer cells, its exact mechanism of action is not yet known. To determine the mechanism of action of taxol in ovarian cancer, we tested the effects of the drug, on the human ovarian carcinoma cell line, SKOV3.

Effects of S-nitrosation and cross-linking of hemoglobin on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in isolated rat lungs.

Free hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cells augment hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) by scavenging nitric oxide (NO). S-nitrosation of Hb (SNO-Hb) may confer vasodilatory properties by allowing release of NO during deoxygenation and/or by interaction with small-molecular weight thiols. Likewise, cross-linking of free Hb may limit its vasoconstrictive effect by preventing abluminal movement of the molecule.