Childhood Developmental Milestones and Risk of Adult Cerebrovascular Disease: The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Introduction: To the best of our knowledge, no previous studies have examined the relationship between childhood developmental milestones and risk of adulthood cerebrovascular disease (CeVD). We studied whether the risk of adult CeVD is associated with delayed attainment of motor and language milestones.

Methods: Within the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966, a total of 11,688 persons were followed from birth to either death, moving abroad or 54 years of age.

Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Before and After Breast-Cancer Diagnosis Among Young Women in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore depressive, anxiety, and mental-health related somatic symptoms among young breast-cancer survivors by considering symptoms before and after cancer onset.

Materials And Methods: The study sample included females from the prospective Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Symptoms were assessed with the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 at the age of 31 and 46 years.

Clusters of parental socioeconomic status in early childhood and inherited risk for cerebrovascular disease until mid-life-Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Background And Aims: The incidence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is rising among young adults (< 55 years). The risk for CVD starts to form in early childhood and is comprised of genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between early family socioeconomic status (SES), inherited risk, and CVD until midlife.

Temporal patterns in adolescent psychiatric treatment and outcomes: a nationwide register-based cohort follow-up.

The rise in mental health problems among adolescents in high-income countries presents a challenge to service systems. For the development of services, there is a need for better insight into temporal psychiatric treatment-trends and outcomes. This study aims to analyze time-trends in both psychiatric treatment patterns and outcomes, utilizing a national sample of all adolescents receiving psychiatric treatment in Finland from 2003 to 2013.

Overweight in Adolescence and Young Adulthood in Association With Adult Cerebrovascular Disease: The NFBC1966 Study.

Background: Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in adulthood are well known. However, research on individuals' risk factors throughout their life span has been limited. This prospective cohort study aims to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and its changes in adolescence and young adulthood on early onset cerebrovascular disease.

Meta-Analytic Review of Temperamental Correlates of the Five-Factor Model and Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Domains.

Background: There is little and heterogeneous knowledge on the links between the temperamental predispositions of psychopathology and the contemporary dimensional models of psychopathology, such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) classification system, which can be aligned with the five-factor model (FFM) of personality. This meta-analysis seeks to expand the temperamental theoretical basis of the HiTOP model by incorporating associations of temperament traits of two temperamental theories measured, respectively, by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) with (a) the FFM's personality domains and (b) HiTOP's five psychopathological spectra.

Methods: A systematic search was done on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane Database, and Google Scholar for all articles published in English from January 1990 to August 2020.

Prenatal maternal stress, breastfeeding and offspring ADHD symptoms.

There is increasing evidence to suggest that environmental factors are associated with ADHD, but results regarding prenatal maternal stress, unwanted pregnancy, breastfeeding, and ADHD in children are controversial and few prospective studies have been conducted. Using prospectively collected data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 7,910) we studied potential risk factors for ADHD symptoms at 8 and 16 years of age, including prenatal maternal stress and unwanted pregnancy, and protective factors including the duration of breastfeeding. Prenatal stress was associated with an increased risk of ADHD symptoms at the age of 16 (OR = 1.

Productivity costs of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders by friction cost and human capital methods: The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Purpose: Psychotic disorders are associated with substantial productivity costs; however no previous studies have compared these between schizophrenia spectrum (SSD) and other psychotic disorders (OP). The human capital method (HCM) and the friction cost method (FCM) are the two most common approaches to assess productivity costs. The HCM focuses on employees' perspectives on the costs, whereas the FCM demonstrates employers' perspectives.

Developmental origins of psycho-cardiometabolic multimorbidity in adolescence and their underlying pathways through methylation markers: a two-cohort study.

Understanding the biological mechanisms behind multimorbidity patterns in adolescence is important as they may act as intermediary risk factor for long-term health. We aimed to explore relationship between prenatal exposures and adolescent's psycho-cardiometabolic intermediary traits mediated through epigenetic biomarkers, using structural equation modeling (SEM). We used data from mother-child dyads from pregnancy and adolescents at 16-17 years from two prospective cohorts: Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC1986) and Raine Study from Australia.

The contribution of first-episode illness characteristics and cumulative antipsychotic usage to progressive structural brain changes over a long-term follow-up in schizophrenia.

Exposure to antipsychotics as well as certain first-episode illness characteristics have been associated with greater gray matter (GM) deficits in the early phase of schizophrenia. Whether the first-episode illness characteristics affect the long-term progression of the structural brain changes remain unexplored. We therefore assessed the role of first-episode illness characteristics and life-time antipsychotic use in relation to long-term structural brain GM changes in schizophrenia.

Multidisciplinary management of persistent pain in primary care-A systematic review.

Background And Objective: A multidisciplinary approach is the gold standard in the management of persistent pain and is current practice in tertiary pain clinics. However, such approaches seem to be a rarity in primary care, although pain is the most common reason for visiting a primary care physician. A comprehensive systematic review was conducted to explore whether studies on multidisciplinary management programs for persistent pain exist in primary care.

Adolescent alcohol and cannabis use and early adulthood educational attainment in the 1986 Northern Finland birth cohort study.

Background: Heavy alcohol and cannabis use during adolescence have been previously described as risk factors not only for morbidity in adulthood, but also social problems including adversities in educational attainment. Attempts to consider overlapping risk factors and confounders for these associations are needed.

Methods: Using weighted multivariable models, we examined prospective associations between age at first drink (AFD), age at first intoxication (AFI), frequency of alcohol intoxication, as well as self-reported alcohol tolerance (i.

Associations between neighbourhood characteristics, physical activity and depressive symptoms: the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study.

Background: Due to rapid urbanization, there is a need to better understand the relative roles of residential environment and physical activity in depression. We aimed to investigate whether neighbourhood characteristics are related to the presence of depressive symptoms and whether the association is modified by physical activity.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used the 46-year-old follow-up data (n = 5489) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.

Early prediction of ventilator-associated pneumonia with machine learning models: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prediction model performance.

Background: Machine learning-based prediction models can catalog, classify, and correlate large amounts of multimodal data to aid clinicians at diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic levels. Early prediction of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) may accelerate the diagnosis and guide preventive interventions. The performance of a variety of machine learning-based prediction models were analyzed among adults undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation.

Functioning, psychiatric symptoms and quality of life of individuals with severe mental disorders after psychiatric rehabilitation.

Purpose: Psychiatric disorders may have a negative effect on individuals' living, forming intimate relationships, education, and employment. The aim of psychiatric rehabilitation is to promote recovery - finding ways to cope with mental disorders despite debilitating symptoms. This study aimed to explore the outcomes of accommodation, social inclusion, psychiatric symptoms, substance and service use, quality of life and subjective recovery of young adults with severe mental illness after psychiatric rehabilitation.

Association of temperament and character traits with ADHD and its comorbidities.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that personality traits may be associated with ADHD and comorbid concerns. We investigated temperament and character traits associated with internalizing and externalizing comorbidities in adolescents with or without ADHD.

Methods: The population consisted of a subsample ( = 457) of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC1986) that comprised 16-year-old adolescents with and without symptoms of ADHD.

Out-of-home interventions for adolescents who were treated according to the Open Dialogue model for mental health care.

Background: The Open Dialogue approach (OD) emphasizes community-based psychiatric treatment for adolescents, but its success in achieving this is poorly documented.

Objective: To analyse out-of-home intervention usage in a national sample of adolescent psychiatric patients and determine if OD is linked to increased time until out-of-home intervention.

Participants And Setting: The register-based cohort study included all adolescents aged 13-20 who received psychiatric treatment in Finland between 2003 and 2008.

Adolescent alcohol and cannabis use as risk factors for head trauma in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort study 1986.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the associations between cannabis use and frequency of alcohol intoxication in adolescence with the risk of traumatic brain injury and craniofacial fractures in early adulthood. Hypothesis was that using alcohol and cannabis in adolescence could increase the risk for head traumas.

Methods: Data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (n = 9432 individuals) were used to investigate the prospective association between the self-reported frequency of alcohol intoxication (n = 6472) and cannabis use (n = 6586) in mid-adolescence and register-based, head trauma diagnoses by ages 32-33 years.

Effect of onset age on the long-term outcome of early-onset psychoses and other mental disorders: a register-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 study.

Psychiatric illnesses can affect the social transitions of adolescence and young adulthood, such as completing education and entering working life and relationships. However, associations between earlier onset age and long-term outcomes among those with early-onset psychoses (EOP) are unclear, as are the long-term outcomes of EOP compared to non-psychotic disorders. We used national register data of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 to detect persons with EOP and other early-onset psychiatric disorders.

Proximal ROw carpectOmy versus four-corner Fusion (PROOF-trial) for osteoarthritis of the wrist: study protocol for multi-institutional double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid non-union advanced collapse (SNAC) are common types of wrist osteoarthritis (OA). Non-operative treatment consists of pain medication, splinting, and avoiding activities that induce pain. However, in case a course of conservative treatment is unsuccessful, operative treatment is needed.

Attention deficit hyperactivity and oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in adolescence and risk of substance use disorders-A general population-based birth cohort study.

Background: Externalizing symptoms are associated with risk of future substance use disorder (SUD). Few longitudinal studies exist using general population-based samples which assess the spectrum of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms.

Aims/objectives: We aimed to study the associations between adolescent ADHD symptoms and subsequent SUD and additionally examine whether the risk of SUD is influenced by comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms.

m-RESIST, a Mobile Therapeutic Intervention for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Usability Study.

Background: In the European Union, around 5 million people are affected by psychotic disorders, and approximately 30%-50% of people with schizophrenia have treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Mobile health (mHealth) interventions may be effective in preventing relapses, increasing treatment adherence, and managing some of the symptoms of schizophrenia. People with schizophrenia seem willing and able to use smartphones to monitor their symptoms and engage in therapeutic interventions.

Factor analysis of the autism spectrum screening questionnaire in a population-based child sample.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate several possible factor structures of the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ).

Materials And Methods: We used the 27-item screening tool for school-aged children in a general population of 8-year-old children ( = 3,538) and compared the occurring solutions to previously published factor models.

Results: A one-factor solution and a four-factor solution were identified in Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and confirmed with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), while two-, three-, five- and six-factor solutions were rejected.