Depression and dementia in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder causing not only motor dysfunction but also cognitive, psychiatric, autonomic and sensory disturbances. Depression is the most common psychiatric disturbance identified in patients with PD and has been shown to be more common in PD than in other chronic and disabling disorders, occurring in approximately 40% of PD patients. However, the prevalence and clinical features associated with depression in PD remain controversial.

Betaferon in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

The aim of the study was to analyze the usefulness and side effects of treatment with interferon beta 1B (Betaferon) in patients with the relapsing-remitting form of multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The study included 32 RRMS patients that had completed two-year therapy with interferon beta 1B or were still receiving this therapy. Every six months, patients were clinically evaluated and scored by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).

Doppler sonography characteristics of vertebrobasilar circulation in patients with Parkinson's disease.

The objective of the study was to analyze the doppler sonography findings of vertebrobasilar circulation (VB) in patients with Parkinson's disease. 40 patients were analyzed (25 men's and 15 women) with Parkinson's disease, average age was 61.9 years (SD=11.

[Parkinson's syndrome--second life decade onset].

Introduction: Incidence of parkinsonism prior age 40 is observed in only 5% of total number of patients, under age of 20 it's very rare.

Case Report: Male patient, age of 16 was hospitalized at Neurology Clinic regarding depression and anxiety, social withdrawal, studyng difficulties, lack of concentration, hands tremor and impaired balance. Difficulties started slow, three years before hospitalisation with affective symptoms.

[Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in younger age associated with abnormality of copper level].

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive degenerative neuromuscular disease in adults that occurs in familial and sporadic forms. The mean age of onset of symptoms is 56 years and the mean duration of disease is 3 years. One of the theories on the pathogenesis suggests on mutation in gene that encodes superoxide dismutase, which is involved in metabolism of free radicals (copper, zinc).

EEG frequency and cognitive dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Numerous studies showed EEG changes in patients with Parkinson's disease, in comparison with healthy subjects of same age. The most often presented change is generalised (or localised) slowing of frequency.

Aim: To show the correlation of EEG frequency and Mini Mental Status (MMS) in patients with Parkinson's disease.