Mediating immediacy in the era of 'treat all': The (chrono)logics of HIV treatment initiation in Shinyanga, Tanzania.

Purpose: Immediate initiation of antiretroviral treatment following HIV infection is a cornerstone of the current HIV 'universal test and treat' approach. Delayed progress along the HIV care continuum is thus framed as a major stumbling block in effective HIV epidemic control. Through examining the HIV care trajectories of people diagnosed with HIV in Shinyanga Region, Tanzania, we offer a critical interrogation of the HIV care continuum.

HIV status disclosure in the era of treat-all: the complexities of societal expectations and disclosure in marital relationships in Shinyanga, Tanzania.

Robust advancements in clinical treatment of people living with HIV (PLHIV) have resulted in the current "treatment as prevention" strategy: the inability to transmit the virus when it is undetectable. Nevertheless, disclosure within marital relationships remains important to adhere optimally to treatment and further limit transmission in the era of treat-all. Disclosure, however, can have serious social repercussions, particularly for women.

An uncertain recovery: The physical toll of COVID-19 infection on liberal arts and sciences students in the Netherlands.

This study examines the recovery experiences of students at a university college in the Netherlands during an outbreak of COVID-19 in the spring of 2022. University policy was based on the conception of COVID-19 as short-term, with a defined recovery timeline. Despite perceptions that young people face lower risks for prolonged recovery, our study reveals a different reality.

Quality of care in a differentiated HIV service delivery intervention in Tanzania: A mixed-methods study.

Background: Differentiated service delivery (DSD) offers benefits to people living with HIV (improved access, peer support), and the health system (clinic decongestion, efficient service delivery). ART clubs, 15-30 clients who usually meet within the community, are one of the most common DSD options. However, evidence about the quality of care (QoC) delivered in ART clubs is still limited.

'It is not fashionable to suffer nowadays': Community motivations to repeatedly participate in outreach HIV testing indicate UHC potential in Tanzania.

Objective: This study examined people's motivations for (repeatedly) utilizing HIV testing services during community-based testing events in urban and rural Shinyanga, Tanzania and potential implications for Universal Health Coverage (UHC).

Methods: As part of a broader multidisciplinary study on the implementation of a HIV Test and Treat model in Shinyanga Region, Tanzania, this ethnographic study focused on community-based testing campaigns organised by the implementing partner. Between April 2018 and December 2019, we conducted structured observations (24), short questionnaires (42) and in-depth interviews with HIV-positive (23) and HIV-negative clients (8).

Beyond viral suppression: Quality of life among stable ART clients in a differentiated service delivery intervention in Tanzania.

Background: With antiretroviral therapy, more people living with HIV (PLHIV) in resource-limited settings are virally suppressed and living longer. WHO recommends differentiated service delivery (DSD) as an alternative, less resource-demanding way of expanding HIV services access. Monitoring client's health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is necessary to understand patients' perceptions of treatment and services but is understudied in sub-Saharan Africa.

Monitoring the body: grandmothers' ability to provide 'expert' care for grandchildren living with HIV in northwest Tanzania.

Drawing on long-term ethnographic fieldwork on older caregivers and their shifting roles since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy in northwest Tanzania, this article explores grandmothers' roles in caring for grandchildren who are HIV positive and on treatment. While AIDS treatment programmes usually focus on cultivating expert who can perform self-care, this study focuses on older and how they become experts in caring for their grandchildren living with HIV. How is expert care enacted and what supports or limits its quality? Based on observations and in-depth interviews, this article argues that grandmothers become 'expert caregivers' by merging knowledge acquired in the clinic and support groups with intimate practices of grandparental care.

"A Body Like a Baby": Social Self-Care among Older People with Chronic HIV in Mombasa.

As part of the chronic disease paradigm now widely used for HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, antiretroviral treatment programs emphasize self-care. In the informal settlements of Mombasa, Kenya, the management of stress-associated with economic precariousness-plays a significant role in self-care practices and ideologies. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, we examine how local narratives of stress and self-care intertwine with social responsibilities of older HIV-positive people.

Being tough, being healthy: local forms of counselling in response to adult death in northwest Tanzania.

While antiretroviral medicines have reduced AIDS-related deaths in sub-Saharan Africa, many people still lose multiple family members and struggle with the social and economic consequences of those deaths. This paper examines how older Tanzanians frame feelings of loss caused by the untimely death of young adults and how they advise other bereaved about how to manage loss. A local concept oyegumisilize--meaning 'to move on and push grief and worries aside'--is employed in offering bereaved persons advice about how to deal with feelings of loss.

The compassion of concealment: silence between older caregivers and dying patients in the AIDS era, northwest Tanzania.

In northwest Tanzania, where AIDS has been present for 25 years, AIDS-related illness is a trigger through which community members discuss personal experiences of loss and assess social relationships. The terminal phase of AIDS demands intimate social relations between patients and caretakers. In this final phase of illness, caretakers are scrutinised for their behaviour towards the patient.