Laser Ablation of an Isolated External Auditory Canal Skin Wedge.

Introduction: External ear malformations represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies that may involve the external auditory canal (EAC), tympanic membrane (TM), or associated structures. A rare anomaly, the EAC skin wedge, results from incomplete canalization during embryologic development. This report presents the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and surgical management of this condition.

Challenges and outcomes of airway surgery in a post-war low-resource setting: A case series from Mekelle, Ethiopia.

Objective: This study aims to document and analyze the challenges and outcomes of performing complex airway surgery in a low-resource, post-war setting in Mekelle, Ethiopia.

Methods: This prospective case series examines clinical data from five patients who underwent airway reconstruction surgeries and one patient who underwent total laryngectomy at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Mekelle. Data included patient demographics, airway stenosis etiology and severity, operative details, postoperative outcomes, complications, and hospital length of stay.

A Scoping Review of the Intracranial Complications of Pediatric Sinusitis.

Objective: Intracranial complications of pediatric sinusitis are uncommon but are often associated with significant morbidity, especially when appropriate care is delayed. The present study aimed to identify commonalities for the development and progression of these complications in the pediatric population.

Data Sources: CENTRAL, CINAHL, Citation searching, ClinicalTrials.

Creating an Undergraduate Research Program in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Oto-HNS) for Students Underrepresented in Medicine.

Objectives: To report implementation and outcomes associated with a novel paid Summer Undergraduate Research Education Program (SREP) over the first 2 years in an academic otolaryngology program recruiting students underrepresented in medicine (URiM).

Methods: A 10-week program including a research bootcamp, curriculum, mentoring, and clinical shadowing was created. Grant funding to provide salary and support for transportation, conference attendance, and graduate school preparation or applications was procured.

Bidirectional needs assessment of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery short-term surgical trips in Zimbabwe.

Objectives: To describe findings from an otolaryngology-specific needs assessment tool in Zimbabwe.

Methods: Surveys were developed and shared with Low-Middle Income Country (LMIC) hosting institutions in Zimbabwe and to High-Income Country surgical trip participants (HIC). Respondents were otolaryngologists identified online and through professional networks who had participated in a surgical trip.

The World's consumption of free web-based Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery educational resources: A global assessment of video usage trends.

Objectives: Online educational platforms with open access have seen a growing adoption in the field of medical education. However, the extent of their global usage is still unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, our objective is to examine the usage patterns of two renowned open-access resources in Otolaryngology.

The Clinical Utility of Continuous Laryngoscopy During Exercise: A Report of Two Cases.

Exertional dyspnea is a common and disabling symptom in otherwise healthy children and adolescents, as well as in children with baseline airway abnormalities. It impairs the quality of life and may be associated with fatigue and underperformance in sports. Exertional dyspnea can be caused by a wide variety of structural and psychogenic causes.

Late recurrence in surgically managed pediatric atypical mycobacterial lymphadenitis: A case report and review of the literature.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify existing literature on recurrent atypical mycobacterial cervicofacial lymphadenitis to augment our understanding of a unique patient who presented to our tertiary-care center 5-years posttreatment with recurrence following curettage.

Data Sources: OVID Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science.

Methods: A literature search was conducted yielding 49 original articles which were screened twice by two independent reviewers resulting in 14 studies meeting inclusion criteria for data extraction using Covidence software.

Current management of cervicofacial nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in the pediatric population.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to analyze and consolidate recently published literature to provide updated guidelines on the diagnosis and management of nontuberculous mycobacterial lymphadenitis (NTM LAD) in the pediatric population and to suggest areas of further research.

Recent Findings: Diagnosis of NTM LAD relies on a detailed clinical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging techniques. Treatment strategies vary widely, with a shift towards complete surgical excision being observed due to its higher cure rate, improved aesthetic outcomes, and lower recurrence rates.

Vagal nerve stimulator-associated sleep disordered breathing secondary to vagal-induced laryngospasm in pediatric populations: Case presentation and systematic review.

Objectives: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a well-documented complication of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in the literature. Yet, a formal consensus on its management has not been established, particularly in the pediatric population. This study aims to evaluate the current literature on VNS-associated SDB in order to further characterize its presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

Female and low- and middle-income authorship trends in high-impact ENT journals (2011-2020).

Introduction: Despite a recent drive to increase diversity, the global academic workforce is skewed in favor of authors from high-income countries, and women are under-represented in the published medical literature.

Objectives: To explore the trends in authorship of three high-impact otolaryngology journals over a ten-year period (2011-2020).

Methods: Journals selected: , and Articles were reviewed from four issues per journal per year, and data was collected on: time of publication; subspeciality; number of authors; sex of first and last authors; country of practice of first author and country where each study was conducted.

Barriers to head and neck cancer care in high-income and low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.

Purpose Of Review: Identify patient-perceived barriers to head and neck cancer care and compare differences in barriers by country income status.

Recent Findings: Of the 37 articles, 51% ( n  = 19) were from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), while 49% ( n =  18) were from high-income countries. Of the papers from high-income countries, unspecified head and neck cancer (HNC) subtype (67%, n =  12) were the most common cancer type, while upper aerodigestive tract mucosal malignancies (58%, n =  11) were more common in LMICs ( P  = 0.

Developing Consensus on Priority Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Conditions and Procedures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an international expert consensus on priority pediatric otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) conditions and procedures for which all national health systems globally should be capable of managing.

Study Design: The Delphi method is a multiround online questionnaire and was administered internationally to otolaryngologists with a focus on pediatric populations. This study was administered in parallel to a Delphi survey focusing on adult OHNS conditions amongst adult otolaryngology experts.

Bidirectional needs assessment of otolaryngology-head and neck surgery short-term surgical trips to Ethiopia and Kenya.

Objectives: To create an otolaryngology-specific needs assessment tool for short-term global surgical trips and to describe our findings from its implementation.

Methods: Surveys 1 and 2 were developed based on a literature review and disseminated to Low-Middle Income (LMIC) hosting institutions in Kenya and Ethiopia and to High-Income surgical trip participants (HIC), respectively. Respondents were otolaryngologists identified online, through professional organizations, and by word-of-mouth, who had participated in a surgical trip of <4 weeks.

Hyena Bite Injury to the Neck Leading to Laryngotracheal Separation.

Animal-induced trauma can lead to severe injury and death, especially in medically isolated settings. Few reports of hyena attacks on humans have been reported in the literature. The goal of this report is to describe such an attack and the heroic efforts required to preserve life and function in a resource-limited environment.

Complications following laser wedge excision for idiopathic subglottic stenosis.

Objectives: Endoscopic laser wedge excision (LWE) is an effective treatment option for idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS); however, data regarding complications following LWE are limited. The aim of the following analysis was to provide a review of frequency and type of complications that occur with LWE in patients with iSGS.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Proximal Scar Progression in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis After Wedge Excision: Does it Happen?

Objective: To compare the incidence of glottic stenosis in idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) patients with no prior surgical intervention to those with a history of endoscopic dilation and characterize the incidence of glottic involvement, changes in scar length, and progression of scar toward glottis following laser wedge excision (LWE).

Methods: A retrospective review of iSGS patients who underwent LWE between 2002 and 2021 was performed. Patients without prior airway surgery were labeled LWE primary (LWEP) and operative findings for LWEP patients were reviewed for glottic involvement, scar length (D ), and distance from the glottis to superior-most aspect of scar (D ).

Feasibility of Instituting a Clinical Otolaryngology Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Program.

Objectives: To measure baseline human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates among tertiary and community-based Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (Oto-HNS) clinic patients and to determine risk factors for under-vaccination.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients aged 9 to 26 years presenting to an Oto-HNS clinic from 2017 to 2019. Patients were considered complete for HPV vaccination if they received two doses of HPV vaccine with the first dose received before age 15 years or three doses of HPV vaccine otherwise.

Cultural Competency and Surgical Decision Making in Otolaryngology.

Given the high prevalence of otolaryngology infections such as tonsillitis, otitis, and pharyngitis in low and middle income countries, the field of global otolaryngology continues to grow to accommodate patients around the world. This commentary focuses on best practices in transcultural communications between US doctors and foreign patients with an emphasis on cultural competency. We use alternative medicine as an exemplar for how to collaborate with patients to develop treatment plans that respect their cultural beliefs and lifestyles.

High-Fidelity Surgical Middle Ear Simulator: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: To assess a middle ear simulator as a surgical training tool among a cohort of novice trainees.

Study Design: Prospective pilot study.

Setting: The George Washington University Hospital (tertiary care academic hospital).

Expert Technique: Pediatric Tracheal Surgery.

Substantial improvements in techniques of tracheal surgery for children have occurred in the past 20 years. Precise preoperative imaging with computed tomography clearly defines the anatomy for surgical planning and is assisted by on-the-table needle localization. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass greatly facilitates creation of an airtight, widely patent trachea.