Virtual Reality Simulation as a Tool for ENT Training: An Autoethnographic Study.

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing a novice trainee's surgical skill acquisition using virtual reality (VR) temporal bone (TB) drilling simulation as a training tool. This study is the first application of autoethnography in the surgical simulation literature.

Design: This study uses autoethnography to examine the factors underpinning simulated surgical skill acquisition using VR TB drilling (ethnography) through systematically documenting and analyzing the researcher's reflections over a prolonged period of time (autobiography).

The implications of variations in nasal irrigation recipes in the United Kingdom.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the variations in publicly available nasal irrigation recipes published in the United Kingdom (UK).

Design: Internet searches used to identify eligible nasal irrigation recipes. These were then examined for their physical and biochemical properties, through theoretical calculations and experimental measurement.

A Lack of Communication and Awareness in Nontechnical Skills Training? A Qualitative Analysis of the Perceptions of Trainers and Trainees in Surgical Training.

Objective: To examine the perceptions of surgical trainees and trainers towards nontechnical skills (NTS) as a concept, its role in training, and the challenges of developing these skills.

Design: A case series of semistructured interviews using an interpretivist grounded theory approach for qualitative analysis.

Setting: East Midlands (North) core surgical training programme in the United Kingdom.

Invasive and Non-Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis-A Review and Update of the Evidence.

Fungal infections are a subset of infectious processes that an otolaryngologist is required to be familiar with. They can be encountered in otology, rhinology and head and neck surgery. The presence of fungal rhinosinusitis is well recognised by otolaryngologists, but the classifications and appropriate management are not so well understood.

Short-term Mortality, Morbidity and Recovery Milestones after Major Lower Limb Amputation: a Prospective Evaluation of Outcomes in a Tertiary Center.

Background: Major lower limb amputation (MLLA) is well recognized to carry a high rate of mortality; however, little evidence explores the reasons for this. Even fewer studies look at other outcomes after MLLA such as major morbidity and functional and social recovery. This study aims to provide a contemporary analysis of these outcomes to contextualize the current state of care for MLLA in the United Kingdom.

Influence of Perioperative Serum Magnesium for Cardiac and Noncardiac Morbidity and Mortality Following Emergency Peripheral Vascular Surgery.

Objectives: To examine the influence of serum magnesium on 30-day mortality and cardiac and noncardiac morbidity.

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional observational study of routinely collected prospective data.

Setting: Single-center tertiary vascular center in the United Kingdom.

Outcome after Turndown for Elective Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery.

Objectives: The aim was to assess the survival of patients who had been turned down for repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and to examine the factors influencing this.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of a prospectively maintained database of all patients turned down for AAA intervention by the Black Country Vascular Network multidisciplinary team (MDT) from January 2013 to December 2015. Data on AAA size, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and cause of death were recorded.

Prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss among woodworkers in Nepal: a pilot study.

Background: The woodworking industry represents an important cause of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), a significant yet underappreciated problem in many developing countries.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of occupational NIHL among woodworkers in Nepal and measure noise levels at workplaces.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 124 woodworkers (88 carpenters, 36 sawyers), recruited through convenience sampling from 26 workplaces.

Effect of aerobic interval training and caffeine on blood platelet function.

Purpose: Hyperactive platelets contribute to the thrombotic response in humans, and exercise transiently increases platelet function. Caffeine is routinely used by athletes as an ergogenic aid, but the combined effect of exercise and caffeine on platelet function has not been investigated.

Methods: Twelve healthy males were randomly assigned to one of four groups and undertook four experimental trials of a high-intensity aerobic interval training (AIT) bout or rest with ingestion of caffeine (3 mg·kg(-1)) or placebo.