Operationalization of Sign Language Phonological Similarity and its Effects on Lexical Access.

Cognitive mechanisms for sign language lexical access are fairly unknown. This study investigated whether phonological similarity facilitates lexical retrieval in sign languages using measures from a new lexical database for American Sign Language. Additionally, it aimed to determine which similarity metric best fits the present data in order to inform theories of how phonological similarity is constructed within the lexicon and to aid in the operationalization of phonological similarity in sign language.

Missed Opportunities for Influenza Vaccination Among Hospitalized Children With Influenza at a Tertiary Care Facility.

Objectives: To identify the extent and characteristics of missed opportunities for influenza vaccination among children hospitalized with influenza at a tertiary children's hospital.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza admitted to Children's Hospital Colorado from 2010 to 2014. We reviewed medical records for vaccination status and previous visits.

Spoken Language Activation Alters Subsequent Sign Language Activation in L2 Learners of American Sign Language.

A large body of literature has characterized unimodal monolingual and bilingual lexicons and how neighborhood density affects lexical access; however there have been relatively fewer studies that generalize these findings to bimodal (M2) second language (L2) learners of sign languages. The goal of the current study was to investigate parallel language activation in M2L2 learners of sign language and to characterize the influence of spoken language and sign language neighborhood density on the activation of ASL signs. A priming paradigm was used in which the neighbors of the sign target were activated with a spoken English word and compared the activation of the targets in sparse and dense neighborhoods.

Rising Oseltamivir Use Among Hospitalized Children in a Postpandemic Era.

Background: Oseltamivir prescribing among pediatric inpatients with influenza varied from 2% to 48% prior to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. After the pandemic, prescribing guidelines were expanded, and studies reported benefits for hospitalized children. Post-pandemic prescribing practices among children are unclear.

Bimodal bilingualism as multisensory training?: Evidence for improved audiovisual speech perception after sign language exposure.

The aim of the present study was to characterize effects of learning a sign language on the processing of a spoken language. Specifically, audiovisual phoneme comprehension was assessed before and after 13 weeks of sign language exposure. L2 ASL learners performed this task in the fMRI scanner.

Modality-specific processing precedes amodal linguistic processing during L2 sign language acquisition: A longitudinal study.

The present study tracked activation pattern differences in response to sign language processing by late hearing second language learners of American Sign Language. Learners were scanned before the start of their language courses. They were scanned again after their first semester of instruction and their second, for a total of 10 months of instruction.

Impacts of Visual Sonority and Handshape Markedness on Second Language Learning of American Sign Language.

The roles of visual sonority and handshape markedness in sign language acquisition and production were investigated. In Experiment 1, learners were taught sign-nonobject correspondences that varied in sign movement sonority and handshape markedness. Results from a sign-picture matching task revealed that high sonority signs were more accurately matched, especially when the sign contained a marked handshape.

A comparison of H1N1 influenza among pediatric inpatients in the pandemic and post pandemic era.

Background: The novel influenza A H1N1 (A[H1N1]pdm09) strain emerged in 2009, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. It is not known whether illness associated with A(H1N1) pdm09 in the post-pandemic era exhibits a similar disease profile.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to compare the burden of disease of A(H1N1) pdm09 influenza from the 2009 pandemic year to the post-pandemic years (2010-2014), and to explore potential reasons for any differences.

Modality-independent neural mechanisms for novel phonetic processing.

The present study investigates whether the inferior frontal gyrus is activated for phonetic segmentation of both speech and sign. Early adult second language learners of Spanish and American Sign Language at the very beginning of instruction were tested on their ability to classify lexical items in each language based on their phonetic categories (i.e.

Incidence, risk factors, and complications of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing radical cystectomy.

Objective: To identify the risk factors for, and complications associated with, the development of delirium after radical cystectomy.

Materials And Methods: From July 2008 to December 2009, 59 patients, aged ≥65 years and undergoing radical cystectomy, were prospectively enrolled. The baseline cognitive status was assessed using the Mini-Mental Status Examination.

Active Crohn's disease in the small bowel: evaluation by diffusion weighted imaging and quantitative dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging.

Purpose: To determine relative diagnostic value of MR diffusion and perfusion parameters in detection of active small bowel inflammation in patients with Crohn's disease (CD).

Materials And Methods: We reviewed 18 patients with active CD of terminal ileum (TI) who underwent MR enterography (MRE; including dynamic contrast enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI). Conventional MRI findings of TI were recorded.

Multidetector CT angiography versus arterial duplex USG in diagnosis of mild lower extremity peripheral arterial disease: is multidetector CT a valuable screening tool?

Objective: To prospectively compare the efficacy of 40-row multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) and duplex ultrasonography (DUS) to diagnose mild peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) in lower leg and to search whether MDCTA can be used as a screening tool.

Methods: Forty-three patients with intermittent claudication and leg pain, diagnosed as mild PAOD, had undergone DUS and MDCTA of lower limb. The arteries of lower leg were initially scanned by DUS, followed by MDCTA.

Numerical fluorescence correlation spectroscopy for the analysis of molecular dynamics under nonstandard conditions.

The suitability of mathematical models used to extract kinetic information from correlated data constitutes a significant issue in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Standard FCS equations are derived from a simple Gaussian approximation of the optical detection volume, but some investigations have suggested this traditional practice can lead to inaccurate and misleading conclusions under many experimental circumstances, particularly those encountered in one-photon confocal measurements. Furthermore, analytical models cannot be derived for all measurement scenarios.