Leave No Stone Unturned: A Case of an Actinomyces Rhinolith Presenting With Chronic Cough and Throat Pain.

Actinomycosis infection in the nasal cavity, especially an actinomyces rhinolith, is extremely rare. It should be considered in cases where a heterogenous calcified mass is found within the nasal cavity on endoscopy and radiographically. Treatment includes surgical debridement and a prolonged course of antibiotics, unique from the more typically encountered fungus ball.

Validation of a three-dimensional printed pediatric middle ear model for endoscopic surgery training.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the anatomical appropriateness of a three-dimensional (3D) printed pediatric middle ear model with a replaceable middle ear unit as an endoscopic ear surgery (EES) simulator.

Methods: Single-blinded, prospective, proof-of-concept study conducted in a simulation operative suite. A simulator was developed through segmentation of source images and multi-material 3D printing.

Pediatric basilar skull fractures from multi-level falls: A systematic review and retrospective analysis.

Objective: Multi-level fall (MLF) accounts for 26.5%-37.7% of traumatic pediatric basilar skull fractures (BSFs).

Necrotizing Tracheitis Complicated by Tracheal Wall Perforation.

Necrotizing tracheitis is a rare condition, mainly seen in immunocompromised patients, that may lead to pseudomembrane formation, airway obstruction and in severe cases, tracheal perforation. We present a case of a 32-year-old male with poorly controlled diabetes who presented with productive cough, dysphagia, and respiratory distress. Bronchoscopy revealed extensive tracheal necrosis along a 4-5 cm segment of cartilaginous trachea and was complicated by tracheal perforation with false passage into the anterior mediastinum.

Aortopulmonary collaterals: An etiology for pediatric tracheostomy hemorrhage.

Objective: To report a single-institution's experience of symptomatic aortopulmonary collaterals presenting as tracheostomy tube hemorrhage.

Study Design: Retrospective case series and Contemporary Review.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Effect of Local Anesthetic Injections on Subjective Pain Scales in Pediatric Tonsillectomies: A Meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the effect of local anesthetic injection on subjective pain scores for pediatric tonsillectomies on postoperative days (PODs) 0 and 1.

Data Sources: A comprehensive literature search was conducted with the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases.

Review Methods: A 2-researcher team following the PRISMA guidelines performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Anesthetic injections and analgesia use in pediatric post-tonsillectomy patients: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Objective: To assess the effect of local anesthetic injection on post-operative analgesia and complications for pediatric tonsillectomies on post-operative day (POD) 0 and 1.

Methods: A 2-researcher team following the PRISMA guidelines performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. The databases Pubmed.

Timing of postoperative oral feeding after head and neck mucosal free flap reconstruction.

Objective: Fistula remains a common complication of upper aerodigestive tract reconstruction. Optimal timing of oral feeding is unknown and the impact of early feeding on swallow function and fistula rates remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to better understand the effects of "early feeding" on fistula rate and swallow in patients with free flap reconstruction of upper aerodigestive tract defects.

Transoral Excision of a Large Accessory Parotid Gland Tumor.

Accessory parotid gland (APG) tumors account for 1% to 7% of all parotid gland neoplasms but are more likely to be malignant than main parotid gland tumors. Management of APG neoplasms entails surgical excision. Four primary approaches to resection have been described in the literature with varying facial nerve outcomes.

Quality improvement intervention to reduce time to postoperative radiation in head and neck free flap patients.

Background: Best-practice guidelines for head and neck cancer patients advise postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) initiation within 6 weeks of surgery. We report our institutional experience improving timeliness of adjuvant radiation in free-flap patients.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients met inclusion criteria in the 2017-2019 study period.

The role of bioresorbable intraluminal airway stents in pediatric tracheobronchial obstruction: A systematic review.

Introduction: Tracheal stenosis and tracheobronchomalacia are complicated, patient-specific diseases that can be treated with intraluminal stenting. Most commonly, silicone and metal stents are utilized, however, they pose significant early and late morbidity and are further complicated by growth of the airway in the pediatric population. Given recent improvements in materials science, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting a strong role for bioresorbable intraluminal stents in treating pediatric tracheobronchial obstruction.

Pediatric Basilar Skull Fracture Mechanisms and Trends From 2007 to 2018.

Objectives: To evaluate the specific mechanism and trend of injury resulting in pediatric basilar skull fractures.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review of a trauma database.

Setting: Tertiary care children's hospital.

Advances in facial nerve management in the head and neck cancer patient.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to summarize best practices in facial nerve management for patients with head and neck cancer. In addition, we provide a review of recent literature on novel innovations and techniques in facial reanimation surgery.

Recent Findings: Although recommended when tumor ablation surgery requires facial nerve sacrifice, facial reanimation procedures are not always performed.

The role of 3D printing in pediatric airway obstruction: A systematic review.

Background: Tracheomalacia and tracheal stenosis are complicated, patient-specific diseases that require a multidisciplinary approach to diagnose and treat. Surgical interventions such as aortopexy, slide tracheoplasty, and stents potentially have high rates of morbidity. Given the emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing as a versatile adjunct in managing complex pathology, there is a growing body of evidence that there is a strong role for 3D printing in both surgical planning and implant creation for pediatric airway obstruction.

Balloon dilation of sinus ostia in the Department of Defense: Diagnoses, actual indications, and outcomes.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine the primary diagnoses for which balloon catheter dilation (BCD) of sinus ostia is being employed in a profit-blind health care system, the Department of Defense.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: From January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013, 319 consecutive patient charts were reviewed for International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition (ICD-9) diagnoses, presence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) defined by the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps (EPOS), preoperative Lund-Mackay scores, nasal endoscopy findings, sinuses dilated, postoperative outcomes, and complications.